屈曲模态对含缺陷复材加筋板后屈曲的影响

某些结构类型的复合材料加筋板,由于一阶和二阶屈曲载荷十分接近,在压缩失稳时,相同的试验件会出现不同的失稳模态,并表现出明显不同的后屈曲承载能力。就此问题,进行了试验和数值模拟研究。轴压试验中,通过影像云纹法和超声C扫技术监测试验件的失稳模态及缺陷扩展情况,以确定不同失稳模态对相同试验件后屈曲承载能力的影响。基于ABAQUS软件建立有限元模型,采用虚拟裂纹闭合技术（VCCT,Virtual Crack Closure Technology）模拟含预置脱胶缺陷的筋条-蒙皮界面,将失稳波形以几何扰动的形式引入后屈曲分析。通过分析缺陷前缘应变能释放率,研究两种模态下缺陷扩展特性。计算结果与试验结果相吻合,研究表明两种模态下缺陷的扩展特性明显不同,导致该型加筋板在3个半波失稳模态下的后屈曲承载能力明显高于2个半波模态下的后屈曲承载能力。     

AUV的图优化海底地形同步定位与建图方法

海底地形辅助导航技术可为智能水下机器人(AUV)的长时间水下作业提供有界精确导航结果,且无需声学基阵辅助。然而,地形辅助导航需要已知高精度先验海图,这大大限制了其应用范围。为解决海底地形未知条件下的海底地形辅助导航问题,提出了海底地形同步定位与建图技术。利用水深预测手段和地形匹配方法进行帧间数据关联构建和闭环检测,并通过图优化技术进行海底地形同步定位与建图问题求解。仿真试验结果显示,在航行1h后,海底地形同步定位与建图系统的建图结果中所有测深点定位误差均值约为13m。     

2024T3铝板试件疲劳裂纹张开应力测量

 建立了一种用裂纹张开位移引伸计对２０２４Ｔ３铝板试件的疲劳裂纹张开应力进行自动测量的方法。比较了斜率法、切线相交法和切点法所得结果的差别及测点位置的影响。并给出了超载作用下的疲劳裂纹张开应力的测量结果。     

8090铝锂合金疲劳短裂纹扩展行为研究

 研究了8090铝锂合金二维短裂纹的扩展行为,发现了短裂纹扩展抗力明显低于长裂纹,且随裂纹尺寸不同而异,其原因是裂纹闭合效应随裂纹尺寸变化。应用有效应力强度因子幅值可统一各种尺寸短裂纹乃至长裂纹的扩展行为。     

硬质泡沫喷管堵盖试验及研究

介绍了固体火箭发动机喷管硬质泡沫塑料堵盖的设计方法与试验过程。某型号发动机硬质泡沫喷管堵盖打开压强模拟点火试验结果表明,这种硬质泡沫喷管堵盖设计方案可行。并已在实际中得到应用。     

Prediction of fatigue crack growth rate for small-sized CIET specimens based on low cycle fatigue properties

Based on experiments of low cycle fatigue for 5083-H112 aluminum alloy, two energy-based predictive models have been introduced to predict the fatigue crack growth behaviors of traditional Compact Tension (CT) and small-sized C-shaped Inside Edge-notched Tension (CIET) specimens with different thicknesses and load ratios. Different values of the effective stress ratio U are employed in the theoretical fatigue crack growth models to correct the effect of crack closure. Results indicate that the two predictive models show different capacities of predicting the fatigue crack growth behaviors of CIET and CT specimens with different thicknesses and load ratios. The accuracy of predicted results of the two models is strongly affected by the method for determination of the effective stress ratio U. Finally, the energy-based Shi&Cai model with crack closure correction by means of Newman’s method is highly recommended in prediction of fatigue crack growth of CIET specimens via low cycle fatigue properties.     

概率密度函数湍流二阶矩封闭模式

Ｈａｗｏｒｔｈ和Ｐｏｐｅ＾〔１，２〕应用概率密度函数方法，通过描述流体粒子速度变化的一般方程建立了一个控制湍流运动的普化Ｌａｎｇｅｖｉｎ模式（ＧＬＭ）。本文对与这一模式相对应的二阶矩封闭模式进行了重新整理，揭示了该模式的非线性特性。ＧＬＭ同时被应用于强旋流诱导涡流场的计算，以检验其对复杂湍流场的再现能力，计算结果与实验、ｋ－ε模式和常用的基准二阶矩模式计算结果进行了比较。     

温度冲击试验对固体发动机喷管堵盖结构影响的仿真分析

温度冲击试验可模拟极端温度环境对固体发动机结构的影响。本文利用三维有限元方法,通过热-机耦合,分析了一种固体发动机喷管堵盖在温度冲击中的温度、应力和应变的变化情况。结果表明:温度冲击中,喷管堵盖内存在温差,最大可达46℃;存在内应力,在铝合金支撑件/EP密封件环形界面处最大,低温-50℃时达18.1 MPa,是堵盖最先破坏的位置;EP密封件是堵盖的最薄弱环节,粘接结构最大内应力11.6MPa,分离结构9.1 MPa;得出了温度冲击下,影响喷管堵盖结构完整性的因素,表明选用低模量和合适线胀系数的密封材料,采用常温成型方法,脱开密封件/支撑件间环形交界面,可有效降低密封件/支撑件的内应力;含GFM/EP/铝合金喷管的真实发动机温度冲击试验结果与预估结果吻合。     

Simulation and analysis of asteroid force closure anchoring performance based on discrete element method

Asteroid exploration is significant for studying the origin of the solar system, establishing planetary defenses, and alleviating the resource crisis of the Earth. Asteroid anchoring is the basis of in-situ exploration and resource development and utilization. Therefore, the performance of asteroid force-closure anchoring is investigated using the discrete element method. The micro parameters of the simulated materials are calibrated with angle of repose and uniaxial compression experiments, based on which the regional modeling method is adopted to establish the anchoring discrete element model. Asteroid anchoring experiments are conducted on a self-developed microgravity simulation platform to verify the accuracy of the simulation model. The asteroid anchoring simulations are performed to investigate the influence of external force on the anchoring performance. The analysis of anchoring force varying with time and the interaction between the anchor and regolith particles reveals the influence mechanism of external force direction on the anchoring performance. The external force direction affects the critical anchoring force by influencing the failure of the force-closure structure. The comprehensive analysis of simulation results clarifies the variation of the critical anchoring force with the external forces. Finally, a stable anchoring region is established, beneficial for asteroid anchoring device design.