顾及不确定性分析的多数投票 SAR 影像变化检测

合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar，SAR）影像变化检测是遥感领域的一个重要研究方向。文章以投票法（Majority Voting，MV）为基础，提出一种全新的顾及不确定性分析的SAR影像变化检测方法（Uncertainty Analysis-based MV，UAMV）。首先选取三组典型的差分影像生成算法，生成三组互补的差分影像。然后使用模糊C均值聚类估算每组差分影像的关于变化类和未变化类的模糊隶属度函数。最后用模糊集合和信息熵理论优化MV，构建顾及不确定性分析的多数投票法，并用所构建方法融合三组差分影像的模糊隶属度函数，生成变化检测图。为验证文章方法的有效性，通过三组真实SAR影像数据进行实验分析。实验结果表明：1）通过用信息熵分析MV融合过程中的不确定性，能够显著提高MV的变化检测性能；2）与7种现有相关算法相比，UAMV方法能够取得更优的变化检测结果。该研究为SAR影像变化检测提供一种新的思路和方法。     

设计更改统计分析在航空产品设计质量过程管理中的应用

探讨了设计更改统计分析对产品设计质量的影响，论述了利用数理统计分析方法和质量分析工具对影响产品设计质量的设计更改进行评估的过程，并提出了改进措施和意见，进而提高了产品设计质量。     

隔热-相变复合热防护构件热防护能力研究

以隔热瓦、氯化锂相变复合材料、硝酸锂定形相变复合材料和季戊四醇定形相变复合材料为原料制备了隔热-相变复合热防护构件及其纯隔热对比样,采用快速升温单侧加热装置测试了其在1 200℃下的长时热防护性能.结果表明,相同加热时间7 650 s,复合热防护构件及纯隔热对比样的背温分别为222.3、644.0℃,复合热防护构件的隔...     

Land use and cover change (LUCC) impacts on Earth’s eco-environments: Research progress and prospects

Land use and cover change (LUCC) is one of the key variables dominating land–atmosphere interactions and strongly affects the Earth’s eco-environments by altering surface properties. Numerous studies have been carried out to assess the impact of LUCC. However, the Earth is a large, open and complex system characterized by complex interactions between its eco-environments and drivers. This study aimed to summarize previous studies of the impact of LUCC on the Earth’s eco-environments and discuss the progress and limitations in suggesting future directions. Previous studies have confirmed that LUCC has a wide range of impacts on the Earth’s eco-environments, which are represented by the alternation of climate (temperature, precipitation, wind, and humidity), hydrology (soil moisture, runoff, and evapotranspiration), ecology and environmental (air, water, and soil) pollution. Physically, the impacts were mainly attributed to the disturbance of the surface radiation budget and matter conservation caused by LUCC. Although great achievements have been made, several challenges remain because of the unavoidable uncertainties in data sources and methodologies and the complexity of eco-environmental evolution. Therefore, data assimilation, physical-based investigations, contribution isolation, and full-process analysis are required to overcome these challenges in future research. The results of this study helped to capture the impact of LUCC and its physical mechanisms, which provide useful clues for future research and support the relative land use management for sustainable development.