高温下加热/冷却管内参与性介质的辐射与对流耦合换热研究

本文通过数值模拟方法研究了高温下加热/冷却管内层流充分发展流动的参与性介质热起始段的辐射与对流耦合换热。采用离散坐标法求解圆柱坐标系下的非线性积分微分辐射传递方程,采用有限差分法求解辐射与对流的耦合换热能量方程。通过计算,分析了不同壁温及入口温度下,介质导热系数、壁面发射率、介质散射反照率及散射相函数等因素对局部努谢尔数、壁面热流密度及有效加热/冷却长度的影响,并同时采用努谢尔数和壁面热流密度评价了耦合换热中辐射对对流换热的影响。      

新型高燃速推进剂在固体发动机内燃烧特性研究

新型高燃速推进剂是一种采用小球粘结、无溶剂挤成型的复合改性双基推进剂,20℃、6.86MPa下用靶线法实测静态燃速为46.25mm/s。为研究这种新型高燃速推进剂在发动机内的燃烧特性,在不同燃通比和燃喉面积比的装药条件下,进行了发动机试验,获得了相应的压强-时间曲线。分析结果表明,该推进剂在火箭发动机内不同压强下可出现3种完全不同的燃烧类型,即类似于双基推进剂的平行层燃烧、类似于超高燃速推进剂的对流燃烧和有限对流燃烧,并给出了3种燃烧类型的判断条件。     

组合发动机微细通道氦加热器设计与流动换热

氦加热器是预冷组合发动机中重要的换热器之一,其原理是利用燃气燃烧的热量提高氦气做功能力,进而提升整个循环系统运行效率.研究中首先设计了蛇形管式、瓦片式、辐射式三种微细通道氦加热器.其次,基于FLUENT15.0软件对微细通道氦加热器管内外的对流换热系数和流动阻力进行了研究.对比模拟结果和经典关联式的计算结果,确定了适用...     

A new stationary droplet evaporation model and its validation

The liquid droplet evaporation character is important for not only combustion chamber design process but also high-accuracy spray combustion simulation.In this paper,the suspended droplets' evaporation character was measured in a quiescent high-temperature environment by micro high-speed camera system.The gasoline and kerosene experimental results are consistent with the reference data.Methanol,common kerosene and aviation kerosene droplet evaporation characteristics,as well as their evaporation rate changing with temperature,were obtained.The evaporation rate experimental data were compared with the prediction result of Ranz-Marshall boiling temperature model (RMB),Ranz-Marshall low-temperature model (RML),drift flux model (DFM),mass analogy model (MAM),and stagnant film model (SFM).The disparity between the experimental data and the model prediction results was mainly caused by the neglect of the nat ural convection effect,which was never introduced into the droplet evaporation concept.A new droplet evaporation model with consideration of natural convection buoyancy force effect was proposed in this paper.Under the experimental conditions in this paper,the calculation results of the new droplet evaporation model were agreed with the experimental data for kerosene,methanol and other fuels,with less than 20％ relative deviations.The relative deviations between the new evaporation model predictions for kerosene and the experimental data from the references were within 10％.     

Comparative study of the influence of natural convection on directional solidification of Al–3.5 wt% Ni and Al–7 wt% Si alloys

We present numerical simulations of thermosolutal convection for directional solidification of Al–3.5 wt% Ni and Al–7 wt% Si. Numerical results predict that fragmentation of dendrite arms resulting from dissolution could be favored in Al–7 wt% Si, but not in Al–3.5 wt% Ni. Corresponding experiments are in qualitative agreement with the numerical predictions. Distinguishing the two fragmentation mechanisms, namely dissolution and remelting, is critical during experiments on earth, when fluid flow is dominant.     

融化过程自然对流影响作用的实验研究

采用实验的方法对相变材料融化过程中自然对流的影响进行了研究,获得了自然对流作用下的融化速率与平均Nusselt数的准则关系式.结果表明,与纯导热模型相比,自然对流作用加速了融化的进行,建立导热-对流耦合传热模型对于准确预测融化过程具有一定的必要性.     

A superposed epoch study of the effects of solar wind stream interface events on the upper mesospheric and lower thermospheric temperature

The response of mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) temperature to energetic particle precipitation over the Earth’s polar regions is not uniform due to complex phenomena within the MLT environment. Nevertheless, the modification of MLT temperatures may require an event-based study to be better observed. This work examines the influence of precipitation, triggered by solar wind stream interfaces (SI) event from 2002 to 2007, on polar MLT temperature. We first test the relationship between the ionospheric absorption measured by the SANAE IV (South African National Antarctic Expedition IV) riometer and the layer of energetic particle precipitation from POES (Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites). The combined particle measurements from POES 15, 16, 17 and 18 were obtained close in time to the pass of the SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) temperature retrieval. Here, a superposed epoch technique is described and implemented to obtain average temperature profiles during SI-triggered particle precipitation. The superposed epoch average shows no significant temperature decrease below 100 km prior to the onset of SI-triggered precipitation, whereas a clear superposed average temperature decrease is observed at 95 km after the SI impact. A case study of SI event also yields similar observations. Results indicate that cooling effects due to the production of mesospheric odd hydrogen might be major contributors to temperature decrease under compressed solar wind stream.     

Dynamic particle accumulation structure (PAS) in half-zone liquid bridge – Reconstruction of particle motion by 3-D PTV

Three-dimensional (3-D) velocity field reconstruction of oscillatory thermocapillary convections in a half-zone liquid bridge with a radius of O (1 mm) was carried out by applying 3-D particle tracking velocimetry (PTV). Simultaneous observation of the particles suspended in the bridge by two CCD cameras was carried out by placing a small cubic beam splitter above a transparent top rod. The reconstruction of the 3-D trajectories and the velocity fields of the particles in the several types of oscillatory-flow regimes were conducted successfully for sufficiently long period without losing particle tracking. With this application the present authors conducted a series of experiments focusing upon the collapse and re-formation process of the PAS by mechanically disturbing fully developed PAS.     

垂直平板层流自然对流的群论分析

本文对由热、质最扩散和化学反应引起的垂直平板定常层流自然对流问题用Ｍｏｒｇａｎ变换群理论进行了分析，得到了壁面温度和浓度分布均按变化时的相似性方程组，并用Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ方法和Ｎａｃｈｔｓｈｅｉｎ－Ｓｗｉｇｅｒｔ迭代法，在Ｐｒ＝０．７２和不同的施密特数Ｓ＿ｃ、反应阶ｎ和参数Ｐ、Ｑ下进行了数值求解。给出了相应的速度分布、温度分布和浓度分布曲线。