含硼富燃固体推进剂药浆粘度调节

介绍了硼、ＡＰ包覆硼和ＨＴＰＢ胶混合过程中粘度随时间变化情况；讨论了镁粉、键合剂对含硼富燃固体推剂药浆粘度的影响。进行了一系列的试验处理，降低了含硼富燃固体推进剂药浆粘度，使含硼富燃固体推进剂浇注工艺获得成功。     

含硼富燃料推进剂燃烧波结构分析

采用微测温和火焰照相及SEM研究了含硼富燃料推进剂燃烧波温度分布、火焰结构及熄火表面；结合热力计算，分析含硼富燃料推进剂中硼燃烧反应类型。研究认为低压下推进剂燃烧波结构存在暗区；硼表面用AP包覆，可以降低暗区厚度，有利于改善推进剂的燃烧。     

消失模铸造阻燃镁合金的组织与力学性能

对消失模铸造阻燃镁合金的组织和力学性能的试验研究表明，RE的加入在组织中出现了枝条状共晶Al11RE3相，并未形成粗大A12RE相，同时晶界上离异共晶β相的数量大大减小，且呈不连续网状或孤立块状分布。降低模样厚度和浇注温度，合金的组织明显细化，共晶Al11RE3相和β相的尺寸减小，分布更为均匀。消失模铸造阻燃镁合金的力学性能与消失模铸造AZ91镁合金的基本相当，断裂方式是以解理为主的脆性断裂。     

Grindability and Surface Integrity of Cast Nickel-based Superalloy in Creep Feed Grinding with Brazed CBN Abrasive Wheels

The technique of creep feed grinding is most suitable for geometrical shaping, and therefore has been expected to improve effectively material removal rate and surface quality of components with complex profile. This article studies experimentally the effects of process parameters (i.e. wheel speed, workpiece speed and depth of cut) on the grindability and surface integrity of cast nickel-based superalloys, i.e. K424, during creep feed grinding with brazed cubic boron nitride (CBN) abrasive wheels. Some important factors, such as grinding force and temperature, specific grinding energy, size stability, surface topography, microhardness and microstructure alteration of the sub-surface, residual stresses, are investigated in detail. The results show that during creep feed grinding with brazed CBN wheels, low grinding temperature at about 100 °C is obtained though the specific grinding energy of nickel-based superalloys is high up to 200-300 J/mm³. A combination of wheel speed 22.5 m/s, workpiece speed 0.1 m/min, depth of cut 0.2 mm accomplishes the straight grooves with the expected dimensional accuracy. Moreover, the compressive residual stresses are formed in the burn-free and crack-free ground surface.     

Key Questions for Low Metallicity Stars Rapporteur Summary of the Working Group on Low-Z Stars

An overview of the discussions of the working group on Low-Z stars is presented. Key questions addressed include how the abundances of lithium observed in these stars should be compared to that produced in the Big Bang. Evidence for and against a small star-to-star variation in Li abundances is reviewed, and whether such a variation, if real, necessarily indicates that stellar depletion has occurred, necessitating correction to the value compared to primordial nucleosynthesis calculations. A second key question concerns how and where the light elements are produced. Taken together, their abundance ratios strongly suggest that in low-Z stars the light elements other than 7Li are produced by cosmic ray spallation. The most recent evidence suggests that a minority of this spallation happens in the general interstellar medium, and that a larger fraction might happen in the immediate vicinity of Supernovae, possibly producing observable star-to-star variation. Finally, the question of the overall metallicity of the Galaxy is discussed. How homogeneous in space and time is its evolution? Can we identify subsystems or individual stars which indicate a pregalactic contribution to the galactic metallicity?

     

纳米ZnO/PEG/PET复合材料的原位聚合制备及其性能

通过原位聚合制备了纳米氧化锌颗粒增强不同添加量和分子量的聚乙二醇（PEG）与聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）共聚物的复合材料。研究了纳米粒子在基体里的分散,以及纳米粒子和PEG对复合材料结晶行为的影响。结果显示,纳米粒子在基体中以纳米尺度分散起晶核作用。PEG的加入使得纳米粒子分散更加均匀,PEG分子链段改善了PET分子链的柔性,由此导致复合材料的冷结晶温度降低,结晶速率提高。研究发现,当添加10％分子量为4000的PEG时,复合材料的结晶速率快速提高。复合材料的力学性能结果说明,纳米粒子对PET基体有增强增韧作用,但PEG会弱化该作用。     

减少含硼推进剂残渣中氮化硼含量的研究

针对含硼推进剂燃烧残渣中存在较多氮化硼（BN）问题，采用氧弹法进行硼点火的模拟实验，并用热分析、X射线转靶衍射和元素分析等方法研究了BN的来源及其生成量与空气压强、包覆剂的关系。结果发现BN中氮元素主要来源于空气中氮气，其生成量随空气压强的上升而增加，并与包覆剂的含氧量有关。提出了抑制BN生成的有效途径。     

硼粉的包覆及含包覆硼推进剂燃烧残渣成分分析

采用多种包覆剂对硼粉颗粒表面进行包覆,利用透射电镜、酸度计研究各种包覆剂对包覆硼粉的影响,采用化学分析法对含包覆硼推进剂的燃烧残渣成分进行了分析。结果表明,经包覆剂包覆后,在硼粉的表面形成了一层包覆层;包覆后硼粉加水悬浊液体系的pH值明显增大,并适合于含硼富燃料推进剂的制药工艺;包覆后硼粉的燃烧效率明显提高。     

轻质高性能镁合金开发及其在航天航空领域的应用

镁合金是实际应用中最轻的金属结构材料,在航天航空、轨道交通、汽车、3C(computer,communication,consumer electronics)产品等领域具有广阔的应用前景。但镁合金材料强度偏低,尤其是高温强度,其抗蠕变性较差；镁合金铸件容易形成缩松和热裂纹,成品率低,镁合金变形件塑性加工条件控制困难,导致组织与力学性能不稳定。介绍了高性能镁合金材料(非稀土镁合金、含稀土镁合金、镁锂合金)及其成形技术(重力铸造、低压铸造、压铸、挤压铸造、半固态成形、塑性成形)的开发现状,综述了其在航天航空领域的应用状况,并展望了今后的发展趋势。     

镉镍电池浸渍液中镁,钾,钙含量的测定

用 原子吸收分光光度法进行镉镍电池渍液中镁，钾，钙含量的测定是一种新的先进的分析方法。介绍了镁，钾、钙各自最佳的测定条件及呈良好线性范围的浓度。