堆积粉尘本构方程的实验测试

确定堆积粉尘的本构方程对讨论有关现象是十分重要的。设计了一种测试方法 ,利用阴影摄影和带示踪粒子的X光脉冲摄影 ,记录激波与堆积粉尘相互作用的流场 ,再通过对该流场的理论分析 ,以确定堆积粉尘的本构方程。以超细淀粉为例 ,对所测的方程做了实验验证。     

验证灰尘气体中驻点热流率增大机理的方法

笔者介绍了一种验证灰尘气体中驻点热流率增大机理的方法。在灰尘负荷率相同 ,微粒速度相近条件下完成激波管 2e区实验气流分别为亚声速与超声速的实验。实验结果表明 ,含灰气流中驻点热流率增大只与灰粒速度有关。     

高超声速飞行器后体喷管设计

为得到二维高超声速飞行器后体喷管优化型面, 建立了基于N-S方程的二维后体喷管设计模型, 分别对内部喷管长度和上壁型面进行设计, 得到了后体喷管优化设计外形, 并将结果与Edwards提供的基准进行比较, 表明改进了后体喷管的推进性能.      

爆震管内波与火焰相互作用机理的试验

为了解波与火焰相互作用的机理,在60 mm×60 mm×2000 mm方爆震管内,用乙炔(C₂H₂)和空气混合物进行了单爆震性能研究.利用压力传感器与离子探针同时测得爆震管内的压力和火焰传播速度.根据波和火焰触发的不同时刻来分析爆震管内波与火焰相互作用的过程.结果表明:光滑爆震管内没有产生爆震波,压力波始终在火焰前面;加入阻塞比为0.4的扰流器后,爆震管内产生了爆震波.在扰流器内部,爆震波比较复杂,弱压缩波在火焰前面,但火焰在激波前面;在扰流器出口位置以后,激波在火焰前面.      

导弹垂直发射系统三维超声速射流的数值模拟

对导弹垂直发射系统(VLS,Vertical launching system)内的三维湍流流场进行了数值模拟.采用了单元中心有限体积法和三阶迎风TVD差分格式离散Navier-Stokes方程,采用双时间步和预处理过程提高计算收敛速度,引入对角化的双时间ADI算法求解控制方程.仿真结果准确地模拟了发射系统内的激波形成过程,真实地反映出VLS中的复杂流动.研究表明,压力室底部射流中心的波后压强以大约1 200Hz的频率振荡.      

A Lamb wave quantification model for inclined cracks with experimental validation

This paper investigates the influence of crack orientation on damage quantification using Lamb wave in plate structures. Finite element simulation is performed to acquire Lamb wave signal responses for different configurations of crack orientations and crack lengths. Two Lamb wave features, namely the normalized amplitude and the phase change, are used as damage sensitive features to develop a crack size quantification model. A hypothesis based on the geometrical influence on signal features is proposed, and the crack size quantification model incorporating the orientation angle is established using the hypothesis. An index of Probability of Reliable Quantification (PRQ) is proposed to evaluate the performance of the model. The index can be used to determine the sizing risk in terms of probabilities. A realistic aluminum plate is used to obtain the experimental data using piezoelectric (PZT) wafer-type sensors around a center through crack. The experimental data are used to validate the overall method. Results indicate that the proposed model can yield reliable results for size quantification of inclined cracks.     

On Nonlinear-Evolution of C-type Instability in Nonparallel Boundary Layers

The process of evolution, especially that of nonlinear evolution, of C-type instability of laminar-turbulent flow transition in nonparallel boundary layers are studied by means of a newly developed method called parabolic stability equations （PSE）. Initial conditions, which are very important for the nonlinear problem, are investigated by computing initial solution of the harmonic waves, modifying the mean-flow-distortion, and giving initial value of TS wave and its subharmonic waves at initial station by solving linear PSE. A numerical method with high-order accuracy are developed in the text, the key normalization conditions in the PSE are satisfied, and nonlinear PSE are solved efficiently and implemented stably by the spatial marching. It has been shown that the computed process of nonlinear evolution of C-type instability in Blasius boundary layer is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

窄条激光喷丸成形有限元分析

基于激光喷丸成形过程中材料非线性、高应变率的特点,建立了适合于激光喷丸成形模型。采用ABAQUS/Explicit模块对材料和应力波相互作用的瞬态过程进行模拟,用ABAQUS/Standard 中模拟应力波作用后材料的松弛。对有限元模拟中的关键技术,如材料模型,冲击波的压力载荷、网格划分及其单元类型进行了探讨。并对航空铝合金LY12CZ的激光窄条喷丸成形进行了有限元模拟,对板料的变形量、应力的大小进行了预测,预测的结果和试验较为一致。     

机舱内部超宽带确定性信道建模

将室内无线信道仿真中常用的几何光学和射线追踪技术,引入到对客机机舱内部的超宽带(Ultra-WideBand,UWB)信道研究当中。信道仿真的主要算法基于一种称为射线密度归一化(RayDensityNormalization,RDN)的方法。该方法使用射线密度的概念来计算每条射线对接收点处总信号强度的贡献。为了验证方法的有效性,实验构建了一个Boeing737-200客机机舱模型进行仿真。仿真将接收机设置在每个座位的顶部、扶手和底部,以研究不同水平高度信道的差别。仿真中对路径损耗和均方根(RMS)时延扩展两类大尺度信道参数进行了统计和分析,部分仿真结果与国外实测结果进行了对比。对比结果证明了仿真结果的保真度以及现有仿真工具的有效性。     

应用γ-Reθ湍流模型和PSE方法研究高超声速流动

采用考虑转捩的γ-Reθ湍流模型研究了高超声速复杂流动,结合PSE(parabolic stability equa-tion)稳定性分析方法和e-N方法,通过给出边界层最不稳定点的参数,用以控制γ-Reθ的转捩经验关联式,减少对经验参数的依赖.计算了锥体高超声速流场,得到的壁面换热量和边界层转捩位置与实验吻合较好.计算了平板激波/边界层干扰和高超声速拐角压缩流场,得到了准确的波系结构、压力分布和分离区的大小.结果表明,该方法与传统湍流模型相比具有较大的优越性.