Microstructure and high-temperature oxidation behavior of plasma-sprayed Si/Yb2SiO5 environmental barrier coatings

An environmental barrier coating (EBC) consisting of a silicon bond coat and an Yb₂SiO₅ top-coat was sprayed on a carbon fibers reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) by atmospheric plasma spray (APS). The microstructure of the coating annealed at 1300 °C and its high-temperature oxidation behavior at 1350 °C were investigated. The significant mass loss of silica during the plasma spray process led to the formation of Yb₂SiO₅ and Yb₂O₃ binary phases in the top-coat. Eutectics of Yb₂SiO₅ and Yb₂O₃ were precipitated in the top-coat, and channel cracks were formed in the top-coat after 20 h annealing because of the mismatch between the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of Yb₂SiO₅ and the SiC substrate. The EBC effectively improved the oxidation resistance of the CMC substrate. The channel cracks in the Yb₂SiO₅ top-coat provided inward diffusion channels for oxygen and led to the formation of oxidation delamination cracks in the bond coat, finally resulting in spallation failure of the coating after 80 h oxidation.     

脉冲介质阻挡放电等离子体热效应实验

为了研究介质阻挡放电的热效应,将介质阻挡放电等离子体激励器(DBDPA)安装在一个小型量热风洞中,采用微秒级脉冲等离子体电源驱动DBDPA产生放电等离子体。分别应用Lissajous图形分析方法和量热学原理获得了DBDPA的放电功率特性和热功率特性。结果表明:①脉冲介质阻挡放等离子体的放电功率、热功率和热效率均随着激励电压峰-峰值和激励频率的升高而逐渐增大;②脉冲介质阻挡放电等离子体的放电功率和热功率与激励电压和激励频率之间均存在幂函数关系,即脉冲式介质阻挡放电等离子的放电功率正比于激励电压峰-峰值的1.75次方,正比于激励频率的1次方,其热功率正比于激励电压峰-峰值的5.0次方,正比于激励频率的1.5次方;③在激励电压和激励频率这两个参数中,优先选择提高激励电压峰-峰值更有利于提高热效率,也可更快地提升介质阻挡放电等离子热功率中气体加热功率的比例。      

等离子体辅助电子束物理气相沉积制备热防护涂层

电子束物理气相沉积(Electrom Beam-Physical Vapor Deposition,EB-PVD)是制备航空发动机热防护涂层的一种重要技术手段。采用等离子体辅助技术可进一步实现EB-PVD涂层的结构改性和性能提升。对等离子体辅助EB-PVD技术的研究现状进行了简要综述,并对等离子体辅助EB-PVD制备航空发动机MCr Al Y抗氧化涂层、氮化物抗冲蚀涂层及YSZ热障涂层研究进行了介绍。     

应用等离子体抑制空腔噪声数值仿真研究

空腔在自由来流下将产生强烈的气动噪声,这种噪声会对飞机产生负面作用,需要寻求噪声控制方法抑制空腔噪声。等离子体是一门新兴的流动控制技术,可应用在噪声抑制方面。通过在空腔前缘、后缘以及底面10个不同的位置布置等离子体激励器,研究了等离子体激励对空腔噪声的影响。结果表明：等离子体激励可以降低空腔噪声,声压级最高降低约4 dB;降低了空腔离散噪声的峰值频率;在空腔前缘壁面施加等离子体激励,噪声抑制效果最好。     

热障涂层无损检测技术进展

热障涂层(TBC)是航空航天发动机涡轮叶片的主要防护材料,对其进行表面裂纹缺陷和界面脱粘缺陷的无损检测具有重大意义.对热障涂层的传统检测方法(如渗透检测、涡流检测、超声或超声显微检测等),以及新型红外热成像方法在内的无损检测方法进行了介绍和归纳,重点介绍了光激励、涡流激励和超声激励3种主动式红外热成像无损检测技术.其中,对激光扫描热成像法进行了详细介绍,该方法具有非接触、操作简单、灵敏度高、全场范围内检测快速的优点,能够实现宽度为10μm以上的裂纹和直径为1mm以上脱粘缺陷的无损检测;透射式涡流热成像具有识别小于1mm脱粘缺陷的能力.     

亚燃冲压燃烧室隔热屏壁温试验研究

亚燃冲压燃烧室在高空、高马赫数下工作时,其进气温度很高,冷却空气量少,给冷却设计带来很大困难.本文通过试验,研究了热障涂层和两种不同燃油喷射方式对某型亚燃冲压燃烧室隔热屏壁温的影响.结果表明:热障涂层对降低隔热屏壁温有一定的作用,喷油孔分布均匀的燃油喷射装置对冲压燃烧室冷却设计更有利.本研究可为亚燃冲压燃烧室的冷却设计...     

Adaptive flow control of low-Reynolds number aerodynamics using dielectric barrier discharge actuator

Aerodynamic performance of low-Reynolds number flyers, for a chord-based Reynolds number of 10⁵ or below, is sensitive to wind gusts and flow separation. Active flow control offers insight into fluid physics as well as possible improvements in vehicle performance. While facilitating flow control by introducing feedback control and fluidic devices, major challenges of achieving a target aerodynamic performance under unsteady flow conditions lie on the high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics of the flow system. Therefore, a successful flow control framework requires a viable as well as accessible control scheme and understanding of underlying flow dynamics as key information of the flow system. On the other hand, promising devices have been developed recently to facilitate flow control in this flow regime. The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) actuator is such an example; it does not have moving parts and provides fast impact on the flow field locally. In this paper, recent feedback flow control studies, especially those focusing on unsteady low-Reynolds number aerodynamics, are reviewed. As an example of an effective flow control framework, it is demonstrated that aerodynamic lift of a high angle-of-attack wing under fluctuating free-stream conditions can be stabilized using the DBD actuator and an adaptive algorithm based on general input–output models. System nonlinearities and control challenges are discussed by assessing control performance and the variation of the system parameters under various flow and actuation conditions. Other fundamental issues from the flow dynamics view point, such as the lift stabilization mechanism and the influence on drag fluctuation are also explored. Both potentiality and limitation of the linear modeling approach are discussed. In addition, guidelines on system identification and the controller and actuator setups are suggested.     

对绿色贸易壁垒的理性思考

绿色贸易壁垒是非关税壁垒的重要组成部分，正在成为发达国家限制市场准入的重要手段。绿色贸易壁垒的出现，有着深刻的社会和技术背景。在对绿色贸易壁垒的成因、特点和发展趋势分析的基础上，本文认为，绿色贸易壁垒的实施，具有严重的不公平性，对广大发展中国家的对外贸易有较大的制约作用，它实质上是旧的国际经济秩序延续。绿色贸易壁垒问题，综合反映了发达国家与发展中国家之间的矛盾与差异。     

Hot Corrosion Behavior of Double-ceramic-layer LaTi2 Al9O19/YSZ Thermal Barrier Coatings

LaTi 2 Al 9 O 19 (LTA) exhibits promising potential as a new kind of thermal barrier coating (TBC) material, due to its excellent high-temperature capability and low thermal conductivity. In this paper, LTA/yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) TBCs are produced by atmospheric plasma spraying. Hot corrosion behavior and the related failure mechanism of the coating are investigated. Decomposition of LTA does not occur even after 1 458 hot corrosion cycles at 1 373 K, revealing good chemical stability in molten salt of Na 2 SO 4 and NaCl. However, the molten salt infiltrates to the bond coat, causing dissolving of the thermally grown oxide (TGO) in the molten salt and hot corrosion of the bond coat. As a result, cracking of the TBC occurs within the oxide layer. In conclusion, the ceramic materials LTA and YSZ reveal good chemical stability in molten salts of Na 2 SO 4 and NaCl, and the bond coat plays a significant role in providing protection for the component against hot corrosion in the LTA/YSZ TBCs. LTA exhibits very promising potential as a novel TBC material.     

涡轮叶片多层结构热障涂层隔热效果分析

为了获得叶栅流场作用下涡轮叶片热障涂层隔热性能,建立了带多层结构热障涂层的高压涡轮导叶模型,采用热流耦合方法计算热障涂层系统温度场,对叶片不同部位的涂层隔热效果,以及厚度和主流进口温度对隔热效果的影响进行研究。结果表明:涂层实际隔热效果在叶片吸力面最好,在尾部最差,在压力面沿顺流方向渐好。虽然涂层表面温度不同,但涂层内部的温降幅度与涂层表面温度的相关性不大,在吸力面涂层内部的温度降幅斜率最大,在尾部最小。隔热面层厚度每增加0.1 mm使合金平均温度约降低30℃。涂层隔热效果对主流进口温度较敏感,主流进口温度的变化与基底合金温降指标变化呈线性关系。