ANSYS在风洞天平设计中的应用

用传统的材料力学方法设计应变天平时要作较大的简化。笔者应用有限元分析软件ANSYS对风洞天平进行结构计算,得到天平在各种载荷作用下的应变场和位移分布,从而计算得到天平各测量元件的应变值和刚度,最后将ANSYS计算的各载荷作用下的应变值与材料力学计算值作了比较。     

2.4m×2.4m跨声速风洞半模测力天平研制

2.4m×2.4m跨声速风洞半模测力天平载荷大且极不匹配,在设计上,采用了串联结构,分三个元件段,分别测量轴向力A与偏航力矩Na、俯仰力矩M及法向力N与滚转力矩L分量,在元件与元件之间安排有35mm长的等直段,有效地防止各分量间的相互干扰。专门设计的加载头,刚度极好,保证了天平校准与风洞试验的一致性,提高了风洞试验数据的可靠性。于2002年5月完成了型号试验,试验结果与荷兰的HST风洞的试验结果的一直性较好,半模测力天平的成功研制填补了我国大风洞半模型测力试验的空白。     

小型螺旋桨二分量应变天平

本文介绍了一种小型螺旋桨二分量应变天平的设计与校准，并给出该天平的主要技术性能。经校测，天平性能良好，精度较高。目前，该天平已用于飞机型号螺旋桨设计造型实验。     

有限元分析法在风洞天平中的应用

把有限元法应用到风洞天平结构设计,对其整体结构进行了计算,得出了风洞天平各种载荷作用下的应力场。根据计算结果,可以准确地发现危险截面的应力集中程度和弹性元件所在截面的最大应力部位,最终为确定各个载荷分量之间的相互干扰及弹性元件的测试点提供可靠的依据。本文主要对轴向力元件进行一些探讨     

机织织物剪切行为研究

 研究了平纹碳纤维机织织物的剪切行为。研究发现,织物的分阶段剪切行为与织物的细观结构有关,不同的剪切阶段具有不同的剪切机理,通过XLT-3400连续变体式显微镜和像框实验结果对不同剪切阶段的剪切机理进行了分析。通过纱线抽出实验获得了织物中纱线之间的摩擦系数,将纱线当作一个悬臂梁安装,通过此方法获得了纱线的抗弯刚度,由这两个实验导出了摩擦力矩。利用像框剪切实验以及力矩平衡,建立了平纹织物初始剪切阶段载荷 剪切角的关系模型。实验结果表明,此模型可以很好地模拟剪切角度超过0.05 rad之后的织物初始剪切行为。     

The impact of error covariance matrix structure of GRACE’s gravity solution on the mass flux estimates of Greenland ice sheet

The error variance-covariance matrices of the monthly GRACE gravity field models are usually well-structured (e.g., order-leading) to contain the error information of the monthly gravity field models, and they are important information to further improve the accuracy of the estimated mass transportation by a post-processing scheme. Intensive studies have been performed to understand the impact of different approximations of the full error variance-covariance matrix on the mass estimates obtained with the conventional GRACE-post processing methods (e.g., the de-striping method). In this study, based on the variants of the mascon approach which treat monthly GRACE solutions as input, we consider four different structures to the error variance-covariance matrix, (i) full matrix, (ii) block diagonal matrix, (iii) diagonal matrix, and (iv) identity matrix, and examine their impact on the mass transport estimates in Greenland. Using both synthetic and real data, we analyze the results at four temporal scales: (i) the long-term decadal scale, (ii) the inter-annual scale, (iii) the seasonal scale, and (iv) the monthly scale. Based on the synthetic study, we find that for the recovery of the long-term trend, the application of the diagonal structure obtains the best estimates. This is caused by the amplification of the model error in the mascon approach when considering the full and block diagonal structures of error variance-covariance matrix, not due to any imperfection of them. Therefore, we emphasize that one should be aware of mascon model deficiency in the mascon approach. Furthermore, the best inter-annual, seasonal and monthly mass estimates are derived by considering the block diagonal and full structures. This is caused by the behavior of the bias and the unique parameterization error in the case of different structures. A similar finding is also presented in the real data case. Finally, our analysis denotes the necessity of releasing the block diagonal structure together with the official monthly gravity field model for the GRACE Follow-On mission, instead of releasing only the diagonal structure as done for the GRACE mission.     

Optimal Control Strategy for Buck Converter Under Successive Load Current Change

A new control algorithm is presented for digitally controlled dc-dc converters to achieve a fast response under a successive load-change. Under the steady-state condition, the tight voltage regulation is processed by the conventional digital PID compensator. If the load disturbance is significant, the controller switches to an optimal control scheme. With the integration of the capacitor current, the proposed algorithm predicts the optimal switch over time based on the charge balance control, and the minimal voltage derivation and recovery time are thus achieved when the load current has a successive load-change. The method for calculating the optimal switch over time is described, and the implementation of the proposed algorithm with a digital controller is treated in detail. Furthermore, the simulation and experiment results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the approaches.     

Optimal design of RTCs in digital circuit fault self-repair based on global signal optimization

Since digital circuits have been widely and thoroughly applied in various fields, electronic systems are increasingly more complicated and require greater reliability. Faults may occur in elec-tronic systems in complicated environments. If immediate field repairs are not made on the faults, elec-tronic systems will not run normally, and this will lead to serious losses. The traditional method for improving system reliability based on redundant fault-tolerant technique has been unable to meet the requirements. Therefore, on the basis of (evolvable hardware)-based and (reparation balance technology)-based electronic circuit fault self-repair strategy proposed in our preliminary work, the optimal design of rectification circuits (RTCs) in electronic circuit fault self-repair based on global sig-nal optimization is deeply researched in this paper. First of all, the basic theory of RTC optimal design based on global signal optimization is proposed. Secondly, relevant considerations and suitable ranges are analyzed. Then, the basic flow of RTC optimal design is researched. Eventually, a typical circuit is selected for simulation verification, and detailed simulated analysis is made on five circumstances that occur during RTC evolution. The simulation results prove that compared with the conventional design method based RTC, the global signal optimization design method based RTC is lower in hardware cost, faster in circuit evolution, higher in convergent precision, and higher in circuit evolution success rate. Therefore, the global signal optimization based RTC optimal design method applied in the elec-tronic circuit fault self-repair technology is proven to be feasible, effective, and advantageous.     

碰摩约束下柔性转子模态特性及其计算方法

以航空发动机低压（LP）转子为代表的柔性转子,通常具有两端大质量、细长轴和长跨度支承的"弱刚度"结构力学特征,这使得碰摩产生的约束作用不可忽视,其将会导致柔性转子模态特性改变,进而造成临界转速等动力学目标偏于设计状态。本文以典型航空发动机低压柔性转子为对象,结合梁单元法提出了此类复杂转子在碰摩约束下的动力学建模方法;将谐波平衡思想与频域的自由度缩减技术结合,提出了相适用的非线性模态求解方法;在此之上基于ANSYS和MATLAB平台,建立了含碰摩约束的复杂转子非线性模态分析的一般流程。将方法应用到某型柔性转子系统,成功获得其模态特性,结果表明：碰摩约束使转子模态频率增加,且随转子振幅增加而增加,尤其是对风扇碰摩较为敏感的一阶弯曲模态,正/反进动模态频率变化率可达16%和29%,但模态频率的变化始终在特定区间内;碰摩对转子模态频率的影响程度与陀螺效应、转子振型及机匣刚度密切相关,但对摩擦系数不敏感。由于接触点处摩擦力做功影响,柔性转子各阶反进动模态阻尼在碰摩严重时小于0,反进动模态能发生失稳。     

具有非线性摩擦阻尼随机失谐的叶盘系统响应特性

针对目前含非线性摩擦阻尼失谐叶盘系统振动局部化机理研究存在的诸多困难,尤其是其非线性力学模型的建立和求解等难题.建立了具有滞迟干摩擦阻尼随机失谐的叶盘系统力学模型,并利用增量谐波平衡法分析了叶盘系统干摩擦力失谐度、耦合强度、黏性阻尼比和摩擦力强度等系统参数对叶盘系统受迫响应的影响规律.研究表明:含非线性摩擦阻尼的谐调叶...