Dryden型大气紊流对平流层飞艇能量最优轨迹影响

研究了常值风场作用下平流层飞艇的上升段轨迹优化和大气紊流对最优轨迹的影响问题。首先基于平流层飞艇的受力分析,建立了考虑常值风场、地球自转和飞艇质量变化等诸多因素的三自由度动力学模型,处理参数得到归一化的系统方程;其次采用直接配点法将平流层飞艇的最优轨迹问题转换为非线性规划问题,以最小能量为目标函数,给出非线性规划问题的求解策略,优化得出可行解后对飞艇的最优上升轨迹及相应的加速度项进行了分析,将优化的控制量代入微分方程验证了优化轨迹的准确性;最后加入Dryden型大气紊流的干扰,选取多组大气紊流干扰下的数据进行对比分析,仿真结果表明大气紊流叠加风场均值与飞艇终端位置误差存在一定规律,分析并提出了平流层飞艇抵御大气紊流干扰的策略。     

平抑风电场功率波动的复合储能系统控制策略

随着风力发电所占发电比例的上升,其随机性、波动性及间歇性对电网的影响不可忽视。基于超级电容和蓄电池组成的复合储能系统,提出了一种用于抑制风电功率波动的自适应复合储能控制策略,通过引入超级电容荷电状态反馈来实施对低通/高通滤波器时间常数的控制,在完成对风电波动功率平抑的同时,合理分配平抑功率,避免超级电容过充过放。最后通过仿真,针对春夏秋冬不同时间窗口下的功率波动进行平抑,验证了所提自适应控制策略的有效性。     

Experimental characteristics of oblique shock train upstream propagation

The structure and dynamics of an oblique shock train in a duct model are investigated experimentally in a hypersonic wind tunnel. Measurements of the pressure distribution in front of and across the oblique shock train have been taken and the dynamics of upstream propagation of the oblique shock train have been analyzed from the synchronized schlieren imaging with the dynamic pressure measurements. The formation and propagation of the oblique shock train are ini-tiated by the throttling device at the downstream end of the duct model. Multiple reflected shocks, expansion fans and separated flow bubbles exist in the unthrottled flow, causing three adverse-pressure-gradient phases and three favorable-pressure-gradient phases upstream the oblique shock train. The leading edge of the oblique shock train propagates upstream, and translates to be asym-metric with the increase of backpressure. The upstream propagation rate of the oblique shock train increases rapidly when the leading edge of the oblique shock train encounters the separation bubble near the shock reflection point and the adverse-pressure-gradient phase, while the oblique shock train slow movement when the leading edge of the oblique shock train is in the favorable-pressure-gradient phase for unthrottled flow. The asymmetric flow pattern and oscillatory nature of the oblique shock train are observed throughout the whole upstream propagation process.     

风储孤网系统小干扰稳定性分析研究

从电力系统运行的一般原理出发,开展风储孤网系统小信号稳定和动态稳定的研究,保障局部地区供电可靠性。基于特征值分析法和李亚普诺夫线性系统稳定性判据,对风储孤网系统小干扰稳定性问题进行了研究。提出风储孤网系统储能单元基于下垂控制模式的储能逆变器控制策略,并根据风储孤网系统各模块的控制策略建立相应的数学模型;基于特征值分析法进行风储孤网系统各模块数学模型的小干扰稳定性分析,并根据李亚普诺夫线性系统稳定性判据进行风储孤网系统的稳定性判断;基于MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台搭建风储孤网系统仿真模型,通过仿真验证了风储孤网系统能够实现稳定运行,与小干扰稳定性分析得出的结论一致。研究成果可为风储孤网系统的运行稳定性研究提供理论参考。     

Developing an engineering-statistical model for estimating aerodynamic coeffcients of helicopter fuselage

The design of the geometric shape of a helicopter fuselage poses a serious challenge for designers. The most important parameter in determining the shape of the helicopter fuselage is its aerodynamic coefficients. These coefficients are determined using two methods:wind tunnel test and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The first method is expensive, time-consuming and limited. In addition, estimates in regions away from data can be poor. The second method, due to the limitations of numerical solution, the number of nodes and the used solution, is often inaccurate. In this paper, with the aim of accelerating the design process and achieving results with reasonable engineering accuracy, an engineering-statistical model which is useful for estimating the aerodynamic coefficients was developed, which mitigated the drawbacks of these two methods. First, by combining CFD simulation and regression techniques, an engineering model was pre-sented for the estimation of aerodynamic coefficients. Then, by using the data from a wind tunnel test and implementation of statistical adjustment, the engineering model was modified and an engineering-statistical model was obtained. By spending less time and cost, the final model provided the aerodynamic coefficients of a helicopter fuselage at the desired angles of attack with reasonable accuracy. Finally, three numerical examples were provided to illustrate the application of the pro-posed model. Comparative results demonstrate the effectiveness of the engineering-statistical model in estimating the aerodynamic coefficients of a helicopter fuselage.     

大型民用飞机尾旋运动的系统辨识研究

为了研究某常规布局大型民用飞机的尾旋特性,首次利用一个满足动力相似的缩比模型在Ф5m尾旋风洞中进行研究试验,利用机载传感器所采集的模型运动参数来研判飞机模型的尾旋特性。目前,对于此类飞机模型尾旋运动中所承受的气动力矩研究还十分缺乏,以飞机模型尾旋试验结果为基础,采用飞机六自由度运动学方程来还原模型在尾旋运动中所承受的气动力矩系数,同时利用常规风洞测力试验结果来检验所还原的气动力矩系数的可靠性。进一步采用多元高次方程对模型尾旋运动进行了系统辨识研究,建立了能辨识飞机在尾旋运动条件下的气动力矩系数的数学模型,成功的辨识了重要的气动力系数的导数(Cmα,Cmδe,Cmq,Cnβ,Cnδr,Cnr,Clβ,Clδr,Clp),与相关参考值比较显示其结果具有较高的可信度。     

迎面风对航母甲板火灾影响分析

航母甲板火灾是影响航母和舰载机安全的重要因素。风速对航母甲板火灾有很大影响。采用低速气流运动控制方程组和湍流燃烧大涡模拟方法,研究了不同迎面风速情况下航母甲板油料火灾的蔓延与烟气运动规律,分析得到甲板上方火灾烟气压强与热流密度随来风速度的变化情况。最后,通过缩比模型和风洞实验数据对计算结果进行了验证。结果表明,航母甲板火灾释热率与风速大小成非单调变化关系,火焰烟羽倾斜角与风速大小成非线性增大关系。研究结果对于航母甲板灭火技术和舰载航空装备安全性分析有较大实用价值。     

非流形几何模型的拓扑表示——粘合边结构

提出了一个非流形结构的表示方法--粘合边结构,其数学基础是代数拓扑中的复形理论。粘合边结构表示的拓扑元素之间的逻辑关系简洁、直观,并且可以表示物体的内部结构。     

压气机转子通道内尖区三维平均流场

在低速大尺寸压气机试验台上,借助旋转四坐标全电动探针位移机构,用锥形五孔压力探针分别测量压气机设计状态和近失速状态转子通道内尖区的三维平均流场,揭示压气机转子通道内尖部的流动结构及其变化     

跨音速自适应风洞的任意初始壁方案

提出一种新的二维柔壁自适应风洞进行跨音速三维模型实验时,基于任意初始壁状态的洞壁调整方案,讨论了在较高跨音速实验Ma数的实验条件下,采用洞壁预调效应处理的洞壁自适应方案的实验结果。