双三角翼飞机气动力工程计算研究

 双三角机翼比三角机翼气动布局具有更优越的升阻特性.飞机空气动力的工程计算是用数值方法寻求飞机最优设计方案的基础.采用基于面积比思想的半经验工程算法计算了双三角翼飞机的升力系数曲线斜率、零升阻力系数和诱导阻力因子.结果经风洞试验数据校验,精度完全能满足飞机方案设计要求.算法在某改型飞机方案设计中得到了成功的应用.     

Integration of high-fidelity model of forward variable area bypass injector into zero-dimensional variable cycle engine model

Forward Variable Area Bypass Injector (FVABI) is one of key components which contributes to modulate the cycle parameters of Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) under various operation conditions. The modeling method of zero-dimensional FVABI was reviewed and its deficiency was analyzed based on FVABI flow characteristic. In order to improve the accuracy of VCE performance simulation, the high-fidelity modeling method of FVABI was developed based on its working characteristics. Then it was coupled with the zero-dimensional VCE model and the multi-level VCE model was built. The results indicate that the geometric and aerodynamic parameters can affect the interaction between the two airflows and the zero-dimensional FVABI model is too simple to predict the component performance accurately, especially when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked. Based on the performance curves for single bypass mode and the regression model of multi-scale support vector regression for double bypass mode, the high-fidelity model can predict FVABI performance accurately and rapidly. The integration of high-fidelity FVABI model into zero-dimensional VCE model can be done by adjusting iterative variables and balance equations. The multi-level model has good convergence and it can predict VCE performance when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked.     

夏热冬冷地区居住建筑节能设计分析

推动建筑向节能、绿色、智能化方向发展,是国际建筑界实践可持续发展理念的大趋势,也是中国经济社会发展面临的重要任务。我国居住建筑节能,从八十年代初起步,从全国总体情况看,节能标准在北方地区推行较早,近一两年来,我省尤其是南昌市的节能标准执行力度正在不断加大。本文通过对冬冷夏热地区一栋宿舍建筑实例进行节能设计分析,得出冬冷夏热地区"宿舍"建筑节能设计外维护结构的一般设计标准。     

逆金字塔式安全着陆点选择方法

针对现有地外天体软着陆安全着陆点选择方法的不足,设计了逆金字塔式安全着陆点选择方法,结合着陆器的落点精度和自主避障及地形坡度适应能力,建立了基于平整点、安全着陆点、可靠避障点和标称着陆点的地形安全性分析与定量搜索模型,该模型呈四层逆金字塔结构,每一层搜索的结果作为下一层搜索的输入,从弱约束到强约束逐步收敛至100%地形安全着陆区,嫦娥五号探测器飞行结果表明该方法能够快速确定安全着陆区及标称着陆点,并有效指导着陆下降过程的标称航迹设计和轨道控制策略制定。     

Assessing ecohydrological factors variations and their relationships at different spatio-temporal scales in semiarid area,northwestern China

As a typical semiarid farming-pastoral ecotone sensitive to the environmennt, the Plain of West Liaohe Basin (WLBP) is currently experiencing drastic environmental changes. To identify how environmental change affect vegetation in the WLBP, we analysed spatiotemporal variation characteristics of Ecological environment factors based on monthly and annual air temperature (T), precipitation (P) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 1982 to 2015. And the correlations between them were investigated by correlation analysis (Simple correlation, partial correlation and complex correlation) at temporal and spatial scale. The results showed that: (1) the vegetation growth of the WLBP showed ameliorated trend, with a change rate of 0.004/yr.; (2) P was more sensitive to NDVI than T; (3) and the influence of hydrothermal changes on vegetation growth was more significant than that of the change of single climate factors at time scales; (4) the effects of anthropogenic factors on vegetation change were 75.07% (1982–1993) and 98.08% (1994–2015), respectively. At the temp-special scales, P&T and land use type change (LUCC) were the main climatic and anthropogenic factors that affect vegetation changes, respectively.     

淮北地区水稻适宜发展规模的研究

准北地区水稻发展的主要制约因素是水资源，该地区水资源系统是江水北调大系统的一个有机部分，其水稻适宜规模取决于江水北调系统水资源的开发利用。根据输水线路或水资源特征将整个系统划分为１５个子系统，以水资源利用量最大，以及缺水造成的减产损失和提水费用之和最小作为水资源利用的两个目标，建立了模拟分析数学模型，提出了求解该模型的大系统分解一协调技术，给出了模拟模型的执行顺序和运行程序，研究了当前工程水平、泵站改造项目完成、通榆河工程完成和南水北调工程建成四种情况淮北水稻适宜发展规模。     

火焰筒壁面孔流量系数的试验研究

本文对火焰筒壁面孔的流量系数进行了试验研究。试验是在矩形试验件上进行的,模拟了燃烧室流动状态。对平面圆孔,不同翻边半径和翻边高度的翻边圆孔,在不同速度比 Va_1/VⅡ_1和加热比θ下进行流量系数试验研究。冷吹风状态和热态流量系数的最大差别在5～9％之间。将冷态下的流量系数 C_d 表示成流动参数 F_p 的关系。     

一种终端区利用率评估方法研究

终端区利用率量化评估是解决终端区运行瓶颈、挖掘运行潜力的重要前提。现有方法大都面向全空域,指标缺乏通用性。聚焦终端区运行特点,构建了终端区利用率评估指标,基于灰色绝对关联度和主成分分析法,建立了灰色主成分评估模型,并对传统灰色绝对关联度的计算方法进行改进。以20个典型终端区数据为基础,经模糊C均值聚类验证了所提方法有效正确,且可区分性更好,能够满足多个终端区间的横向对比要求;结合广州终端区雷达数据进一步分析,发现方法更加细致地反映了沿时间轴的资源利用情况,满足单个终端区的纵向对比要求,可以为终端区的天气影响评估及流量管理优化策略评估提供论证依据。     

空间飞行器追踪区设计

重点介绍了空间飞行器通过一次变轨机动与目标交会的可行机动方案，在对飞行时间普适公式分析的基础上，建立了一般性的轨道转移预测模型， 给出了一种寻求空间飞行器可行变轨点集的方法，并提出了追踪区的概念。通过仿真计算，分别对各种时间和燃料资源限制条件下的追踪区大小变化进行了分析，结果表明，利用该方法求出的变轨点能够满足空间交会对燃料和时间等各方面的要求，且方法简捷，易于实现。     

失速改出伞阻力特征面积估算方法

研究了高平尾布局飞机的气动特性。使用失速改出伞是飞机改出深失速的重要途径,但如何确定失速改出伞的关键参数(阻力面积等)却没有现成的方法。以ARJ21-700飞机为例,分别使用公式分析法、类比法综合估算出失速改出伞的关键参数,通过模型自由飞和模拟仿真分析验证其具有足够效能将飞机改出深失速状态。形成了一套新机失速改出伞的设计方法和关键数据图表,可供其他型号飞机失速改出伞的设计研制使用。