旋转圆柱对翼型气动特性影响的数值模拟研究

采用数值模拟的方法研究了旋转圆柱对NACA0015翼型气动特性的影响,着重分析了前缘旋转圆柱转速比和缝隙大小对翼型升阻特性的作用规律以及不同安装位置的高速旋转圆柱结合简单襟翼偏转下的翼型气动力特性。结果表明,高速旋转的圆柱代替翼型前缘可以有效地抑制翼型背风区的流动分离,延缓边界层的发展从而改善翼型气动特性。前缘旋转圆柱理想的转速比在4附近,缝隙在2.5mm至1.5mm之间可以满足使用要求。简单襟翼结合前、后缘高速旋转圆柱情况下翼型的气动力特性可以比拟精心设计的多段翼型。旋转圆柱具有增升减阻效果显著,需要主动输入的能量极少等优点,是一种具有良好应用前景的边界层流动控制技术。     

高阻尼复合材料支撑筒结构设计与材料工艺

支撑筒用于运载火箭与卫星之间的连接,支撑筒的阻尼减振效果决定了卫星能否正常工作。T700S/AG80复合材料制备的某支撑筒无法满足室温阻尼性能要求。本文通过两种途径提高了支撑筒的阻尼性能,第一种途径采用环氧丁腈预聚物861340共混改性AG80环氧树脂,当861340含量为23%时,改性树脂的阻尼性能最佳;第二种途径是对支撑筒进行分段铺层设计。共制备两个支撑筒1#和2#,1#采用未改性复合材料,2#采用阻尼改性复合材料以及分段铺层,在纵向振动试验中,与1#结构振动响应相比,2#结构的响应下降了60.5%;在横向振动试验中,与1#结构振动响应相比,2#结构的响应下降了20.7%。     

大型铝蒙皮蜂窝夹层筒段成型模脱模工装设计

分析了筒段产品和筒段成型模的特点,提出用脱模工装实现筒段产品和筒段成型模分离的思想。通过分析脱模工装的技术难点和脱模过程可能出现的状况,介绍了模具的设计和脱模过程。实践表明,此脱模工装结构合理,能满足筒段成型模脱模的需求。     

考虑预设性能约束的运输机姿态容错控制

针对运输机舵面故障情况下的姿态容错控制问题,提出了一种考虑预设性能约束的自适应指令滤波增量反步(Adaptive Command-filtered Incremental Backstepping,ACFIBS)容错控制器。首先,构造运输机故障模型,在反步控制设计结构下,通过构造预设性能函数,保证外回路姿态角跟踪误差的动态性能。然后,考虑舵机偏转速率和幅值限制,引入受限指令滤波器和补偿信号,综合考虑气动参数不确定性,采用增量方法设计反步内环控制律。在此基础上,进一步考虑舵面故障情况,引入自适应方法及低通滤波器改进增量反步控制器。最后,通过理论推导和仿真试验验证了控制方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器具有良好的容错性能,在不同舵面故障条件下均可实现对指令信号的预设性能跟踪,且在参数摄动情况下具有较强的鲁棒性。     

端面边缘效应对缠绕管件轴压强度的影响

建立了缠绕管件三维有限元模型,通过应力分析发现轴压条件下缠绕管件受压端面存在明显应力集中现象,由此预测管件受压端面边缘效应会导致管件轴压强度下降,通过三维有限元模型对端头加强和未加强管件的轴压强度分别进行了定量计算,得出端头加强管件的轴压强度明显高于未加强管件的轴压强度。在理论分析的基础上,设计了缠绕管件轴压性能实验,实验结果对理论分析结果进行了验证。研究结果表明,对缠绕管件进行端头加强后,可有效减轻端面效应对轴压强度的负面影响,轴压强度可提高30%以上。     

滚珠旋摆作动器的优化设计

提出了一种新型液压执行机构--滚珠螺旋液压旋摆作动器,建立了一套伺服动态优化设计理论及分析方法。在结构上,采用了多头大升角的滚珠螺旋副、滚珠花键副、滚珠卸荷副、活塞式液压缸等结构,以保证作动器受力特性好、传动平稳、效率高、且输出扭矩大,适应于低、中、高压任何压力的液压系统;在理论上,导出了滚珠螺旋液压旋摆作动器优化参数的设计计算公式,分析了优化参数与系统效率、频宽之间的关系。按照该理论设计的滚珠螺旋液压旋摆作动器,系统耗能最小、效率最高、频带最宽。     

叶尖泄漏流对压气机稳定性影响的数值分析

为研究叶尖泄漏流对稳定性的影响,发展了一种叶尖泄漏涡模型,并且在由课题组开发的TU-SIAC(three dimensional and unsteady stall inception analysis code)程序中实现.该程序将转/静子叶排模化为三维激盘,并在无叶区求解三维非定常欧拉方程,黏性的影响通过特性曲线...     

Flow field generated by a dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator in quiescent air at initiation stage

A single Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma actuator driven by Alternating Current (AC) power, capable of inducing a starting vortex and a wall jet in quiescent air, is suited for low-Reynolds-number flow control. However, the starting vortex and the wall jet are usually observed after the plasma actuator has been operated for dozens of and hundreds of cycles of the voltage, respectively. The detail of the induced flow field at the initiation stage of the plasma actuator has rarely been addressed. At the initiation stage, a thin jet that provides the impetus for the entrainment of the induced flow at the beginning of the plasma actuation is first observed by using a high-accuracy phase-lock Schlieren technique and a high-speed Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system. This is the initial form of the momentum transfer from the plasma to the fluid. Then, an arched type jet is created by the plasma actuator. In addition, the whole development process of the induced flow field from the starting point of the thin jet to the quasi-steady stage of wall jet is presented for providing a comprehensive understanding of the plasma actuator and proposing a relevant enhancement of the numerical simulation model.     

Research on Fault-tolerant Control Method of ElectromechanicalActuating System Based on Sliding Mode Observer

机电作动器(Electro-Mechanical Actuator,EMA)正在逐步代替液压/气压作动器而广泛应用于航空航天、军事等领域,特别是在多电/全电飞行器中,机电作动系统已引来大量学者开展各类型研究。在 EMA 的控制方法和实际应用逐渐成熟的前提下,进一步提高系统的可靠性得到广泛的关注。在 EMA 运行过程中能够进行实时的故障检测并保证系统的正常运行,有效提高系统可靠性对于 EMA 的应用具有重要意义。本文提出一种基于滑模观测器的容错控制方法,为 EMA 在工程应用中有效识别系统的运行状态提供重要手段,具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。通过仿真验证得出此方法可靠有效,验证了在系统运行过程中能够快速的识别故障并切换控制,表明 EMA 系统在此控制方法下具有很好的故障识别和故障隔离能力。     

Chatter stability and precision during high-speed ultrasonic vibration cutting of a thin-walled titanium cylinder

Titanium alloys are widely used in the aviation and aerospace industries due to their unique mechanical and physical properties. Specifically, thin-walled titanium (Ti) cylinders have received increasing attention for their applications as rocket engine casings, aircraft landing gear, and aero-engine hollow shaft due to their observed improvement in the thrust-to-weight ratio. However, the conventional cutting (CC) process is not appropriate for thin-walled Ti cylinders due to its low thermal conductivity, high strength, and low stiffness. Instead, high-speed ultrasonic vibration cutting (HUVC) assisted processing has recently proved highly effective for Ti-alloy machining. In this study, HUVC technology is employed to perform external turning of a thin-walled Ti cylinder, which represents a new application of HUVC. First, the kinematics, tool path, and dynamic cutting thickness of HUVC are evaluated. Second, the phenomenon of mode-coupling chatter is analyzed to determine the effects and mechanism of HUVC by establishing a critical cutting thickness model. HUVC can increase the critical cutting thickness and effectively reduce the average cutting force, thus reducing the energy intake of the system. Finally, comparison experiments are conducted between HUVC and CC processes. The results indicate that the diameter error rate is 10% or less for HUVC and 51% for the CC method due to a 40% reduction in the cutting force. In addition, higher machining precision and better surface roughness are achieved during thin-walled Ti cylinder manufacturing using HUVC.