负载对超声加工声学系统特性的影响

以一维超声振动系统为研究对象,以点、线、面三种不同的加载方式对工件进行加载,研究了负载对超声加工声学系统特性的影响。实验表明,当以点、线的加载方式对工件进行加载时,载荷的变化对声学系统特性各参数的影响不大;而当加载方式为面接触时,机械品质因数Qm、谐振频率fs和动态电阻R随着载荷F的增大有明显的增大趋势,动态电容C和最大电导Gmax却随着载荷F的增大而减小。     

Solitary,explosive and periodic solutions for electron acoustic solitary waves with non-thermal hot ions

A theoretical investigation has been made for electron acoustic waves propagating in a system of unmagnetized collisionless plasma consists of a cold electron fluid and ions with two different temperatures in which the hot ions obey the non-thermal distribution. The reductive perturbation method has been employed to derive the Korteweg–de Vries equation for small but finite amplitude electrostatic waves. It is found that the presence of the energetic population of non-thermal hot ions δ, initial normalized equilibrium density of low temperature ions μ and the ratio of temperatures of low temperature ions to high temperature ions β do not only significantly modify the basic properties of solitary structure, but also change the polarity of the solitary profiles. At the critical hot ions density, the KdV equation is not appropriate for describing the system. Hence, a new set of stretched coordinates is considered to derive the modified KdV equation. In the vicinity of the critical hot ions density, neither KdV nor modified KdV equation is appropriate for describing the electron acoustic waves. Therefore, a further modified KdV equation is derived. An algebraic method with computerized symbolic computation, which greatly exceeds the applicability of the existing tanh, extended tanh methods in obtaining a series of exact solutions of the various KdV-type equations, is used here. Numerical studies have been reveals different solutions e.g., bell-shaped solitary pulses, singular solitary “blowup” solutions, Jacobi elliptic doubly periodic wave, Weierstrass elliptic doubly periodic type solutions, in addition to explosive pulses. The results of the present investigation may be applicable to some plasma environments, such as Earth’s magnetotail region.     

基于自航式声诱饵对抗的机载鱼雷命中概率仿真

为研究潜艇使用自航式声诱饵对抗条件下直升机空投鱼雷命中概率,基于对舰艇引导直升机空投鱼雷的过程分析,建立了舰艇引导机载鱼雷攻潜的参数解算模型、自航式声诱饵对抗自导鱼雷模型,分析了鱼雷命中条件.以美国MK-46鱼雷为例,运用模拟法仿真研究了在自航式声诱饵对抗条件下机载鱼雷的攻潜效果,结论对自导鱼雷在对抗条件下攻击潜艇的作...     

超高强度钢不同性质缺陷的声发射特性研究

研究了超高强度钢30Si2MnCrMoVE的声发射特性,针对裂纹、夹钨、未焊透等几种常见焊接缺陷的声发射数据进行了分析,为相关产品的声发射检测结果评定提供参考,以此提高声发射技术在超高强度钢产品质量检测上的可靠性。     

光线示波器振子的选用

为了准确地测量记录各种被测信号，应当正确地选用振子的固有频率的阻尼，适当地选取被测信号大大小，保持信号源内阻Ｒｉ与振子的内阻ｒｇ相匹配，同时要正确地调整光点位置，以减小圆弧误差。     

航空发动机压气机内部流体诱发声共振研究进展

声共振是一种涡声相互作用诱发的特殊声学共振现象，可产生超过160 dB的纯音噪声，不仅严重影响环境舒适性，还可引起结构件的疲劳破坏，在火箭燃烧室、军机弹仓、汽车天窗以及热交换器管束等多个工程领域内引起了设计者们的足够重视。与此同时，越来越多的研究表明航空发动机压气机内部同样存在声共振问题，其引发的叶片断裂故障也屡见不鲜，已逐渐成为国际范围内的一项研究热点问题，但对其物理机制的认识仍待完善。本文系统性阐述了压气机内部声共振的机理、试验测试、预测方法和控制措施的研究现状及其发展趋势，旨在扩展对流体诱发叶片振动方面的基础理论认知，为提升压气机设计和排故能力提供技术储备。     

直流电源输出阻抗测量技术

直流电源输出阻抗是新的特性参数,一些电源产品开始把它列入技术指标手册中。本文分析了电源阻抗的定义,总结了电源阻抗的特点,综述了当前电源阻抗测量技术的现状,提出了基于数字电桥的一种测量方法,提出了直流电源阻抗测量中的技术难点和尚待解决的技术问题。     

Electron acoustic solitary waves in the Earth’s magnetotail region

Satellite observations have revealed solitary potential structures in the Earth’s magnetotail region. These structures have both positive (compressive) and negative (rarefactive) electrostatic potentials. In this paper we study the electron-acoustic solitary waves (EASWs) in an unmagnetized plasma consisting of cold plasma electrons and isothermal ions with two different temperatures. Using the reductive perturbation method, the nonlinear evolution of such structures is studied. The numerical computations are performed to study the role of two temperature ions in the generation of EASWs. In this case, the model supports the existence of both positive and negative electrostatic potentials with bipolar pulses. The electric field associated with these positive and negative solitary structures are numerically computed. The present study could be useful to construe the compressive and rarefactive electric field bipolar pulses associated with the BEN type emissions in the magnetospheric regions where the electron beams are not present.     

气动噪声风洞试验技术发展概述

在大量查阅国内外相关技术文献的基础上,对风洞声学试验技术的发展历程进行了分析与总结,并对目前试验的两大关键技术领域——声学风洞与麦克风相阵列作了比较详细的介绍与讨论。通过对国内外气动噪声试验技术状况的调查研究,充分阐释了目前中国发展该项技术的必要性和迫切性,并提出了相应的建议。     

航空发动机气动声学设计的理论、模型和方法

根据对飞机噪声控制技术历史发展演化过程的总结分析，研究了民用航空发动机气动与声学一体化设计的目标、方法、流程、理论模型和发展趋势等。基于对航空发动机气动设计过程的分析，给出了航空发动机气动与声学一体化设计的流程和方法。分别从“发动机总体热力循环设计”“发动机部件通流设计”“发动机部件三维详细设计”等三个流程，介绍了航空发动机声学设计理论和技术国内外的发展情况，详细论述了发动机气动声学设计的理论、模型和方法，分析了目前航空发动机声学设计理论的主要问题及未来的研究重点，并以具体发动机设计实例分析了不同设计阶段航空发动机的气动与声学一体化设计方法思想。