新一代运载火箭2219铝合金配用焊丝研制

针对新一代运载火箭贮箱材料2219铝合金，研制出了适用于常、低温贮箱焊接的焊丝。综合评价结果表明，新研制的焊丝具有良好的制造工艺性能、成分稳定；焊接2219铝合金裂纹敏感性低、气孔敏感性低、焊接工艺性好，接头性能满足指标要求，焊缝组织正常，补焊性能良好，拉伸、冲击均呈韧性断裂特征；接头综合性能优于2A14／BJ-380接头。     

四氧化二氮与卫星贮箱材料的长期相容性研究

本文进行了N_2O_4与N_2O_4+1%NO两种介质与TC_4钛合金、304L不锈钢及二者焊件的长期相容性研究.实验中一方面对试件和介质进行了较为全面细致的检测与分析,得出了一级相容性数据,另一方面对浸泡后试件进行了XPS深度剖析,初步阐明了TC_4与304L的抗蚀机理.     

焊缝及焊接材料中钼元素可见光谱快速分析方法

使用数字化技术对部分常用合金钢焊材和焊缝中钼(Mo)元素可见光谱进行了分析测定.研究了Mo438.16nm和Mo481.93nm分析谱线组的数字化处理和分析技术.探索了利用Mo元素可见光谱分析技术进行焊材和焊缝Mo元素含量分析及牌号鉴别的方法.结果可用于常用合金钢焊材和焊缝中Mo元素的定性、定量分析以及材料牌号鉴别.     

钛合金带筋壁板穿透焊工艺研究

从焊前准备、焊接装配、焊接保护、焊后校形、力学性能等5个方面,研究了钛合金穿透焊工艺及其焊接工艺参数,分析了焊接接头的组织性能。结果表明,充分的焊前准备、正确的焊接装配、有效的焊接保护及合理的焊接工艺参数是获得优质钛合金焊接接头的保证;焊后正确的热处理是零件保形的必要条件。     

Friction Stir Welding of Metal Matrix Composites for use in aerospace structures

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a relatively nascent solid state joining technique developed at The Welding Institute (TWI) in 1991. The process was first used at NASA to weld the super lightweight external tank for the Space Shuttle. Today FSW is used to join structural components of the Delta IV, Atlas V, and Falcon IX rockets as well as the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle. A current focus of FSW research is to extend the process to new materials which are difficult to weld using conventional fusion techniques. Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) consist of a metal alloy reinforced with ceramics and have a very high strength to weight ratio, a property which makes them attractive for use in aerospace and defense applications. MMCs have found use in the space shuttle orbiter's structural tubing, the Hubble Space Telescope's antenna mast, control surfaces and propulsion systems for aircraft, and tank armors. The size of MMC components is severely limited by difficulties encountered in joining these materials using fusion welding. Melting of the material results in formation of an undesirable phase (formed when molten Aluminum reacts with the reinforcement) which leaves a strength depleted region along the joint line. Since FSW occurs below the melting point of the workpiece material, this deleterious phase is absent in FSW-ed MMC joints. FSW of MMCs is, however, plagued by rapid wear of the welding tool, a consequence of the large discrepancy in hardness between the steel tool and the reinforcement material. This work characterizes the effect of process parameters (spindle speed, traverse rate, and length of joint) on the wear process. Based on the results of these experiments, a phenomenological model of the wear process was constructed based on the rotating plug model for FSW. The effectiveness of harder tool materials (such as Tungsten Carbide, high speed steel, and tools with diamond coatings) to combat abrasive wear is explored. In-process force, torque, and vibration signals are analyzed to assess the feasibility of on-line monitoring of tool shape changes as a result of wear (an advancement which would eliminate the need for off-line evaluation of tool condition during joining). Monitoring, controlling, and reducing tool wear in FSW of MMCs is essential to the implementation of these materials in structures (such as launch vehicles) where they would be of maximum benefit.     

液体火箭发动机用小直径管路焊接疲劳分析方法研究

为了简化焊接圆管的随机振动疲劳计算,通过理论推导和仿真对比证明了焊接疲劳分析中"结构应力法"所指的结构应力实质同材料力学计算的名义应力是一致的,并以此提出了一种快速开展设计和分析的简化方法,不依赖于FE-Safe软件,且发挥了梁单元模型的效率优势.另外,基于梁单元模型的随机振动计算结果对减震卡箍多方案布置对结构焊接疲劳...     

某型滑轨组件焊接工艺研究

某型滑轨组件采用结构钢基体与厚度为1.5mm的无油自润滑轴承衬板焊接而成。结构钢基体采用18Cr2Ni4WA材料,具有支撑、保证整体刚性的作用。将自润滑衬板冲压成形与滑轨紧密贴合后,边缘采用电子束焊接工艺进行连接。提出一种抗脱落、耐摩擦、精度高、摩擦系数小、成本低、能承受较大载荷的高压燃油柱塞泵滑轨的结构设计方案及加工工艺。     

P460NL1钢焊接热裂纹初探

采用纵向可调拘束试验对最新研制的多元微量合金高强钢Ｐ４６０ＮＬ１的焊接热裂性能进行了试验研究，理论分析和试验结果都表明，该钢种产生热裂纹的倾向很小。     

2524铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊对接工艺

以2524-T3板材作为试验材料,研究了薄板的搅拌摩擦焊对接工艺,优化了对接焊的工艺参数,获得了焊接工艺窗口及最优工艺参数.在最优工艺参数下生产的对接焊件具有良好的质量外观,焊件的变形量和焊缝减薄量极小;焊件的X射线检测结果表明焊件内部质量良好,没有在照片上发现缺陷;金相组织分析显示,焊缝横截面组织均匀致密;焊接接头静力拉伸性能测试结果表明焊缝抗拉强度的平均为397 MPa,为母材抗拉强度的90.4％.     

力学不均匀性对焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展影响的研究

本文将焊接接头简化为夹层材料裂纹体模型，通过实验及弹塑性有限元方法研究了均匀材料和具有力学不均匀性的夹层材料裂纹体中心裂纹试件中疲劳裂纹的扩展规律。发现疲劳裂纹的扩展不但取决于裂纹尖端处材料的性质，而且还受裂纹尖端附近材料力学不均匀性的严重影响；不均匀体裂纹尖端的塑性区、应力应变场与均匀材料裂纹体显著不同；力学不均匀性对疲劳扩展寿命影响的本质在于力学不均匀性对疲劳裂纹闭合的影响