航天器热控系统中的热泵-蓄冷组合方案

提出了旨在降低热控系统质量的热泵-蓄冷组合热控方案。通过对负荷进行预测，对热泵蓄冷系统的集成模式，系统的运行策略，以及蓄冷设备的容量等问题进行了分析。结果表明：通过合理优化系统的运行参数，热泵蓄冷组合方案能实现热控系统的轻量化设计要求，在未来航天热管理系统中具有相当的应用潜力。     

HTPB贮存老化性能

测试和分析了常温条件下长期贮存丁羟胶的相对分子质量（Mr^-)、羟值（OH）和粘度（ηa）数据，研究了贮存下羟胶对推进剂性能的影响。结果表明：贮存丁羟胶的Mr^-，OH和ηa变化不显著，用它制成推进剂的性能仍保持原来水平。     

Soil carbon distribution and site characteristics in hyper-arid soils of the Atacama Desert: A site with Mars-like soils

The soil carbon content and its relation to site characteristics are important in evaluating current local, regional, and global soil C storage and projecting future variations in response to climate change. In this study we analyzed the concentration of organic and inorganic carbon and their relationship with in situ climatic and geological characteristics in 485 samples of surface soil and 17 pits from the hyper-arid area and 51 samples with 2 pits from the arid–semiarid region from the Atacama Desert located in Peru and Chile. The soil organic carbon (SOC) in hyperarid soils ranged from 1.8 to 50.9 μg C per g of soil for the 0–0.1 m profile and from 1.8 to 125.2 μg C per g of soil for the 0–1 m profile. The analysis of climatic (temperature and precipitation), elevation, and some geologic characteristics (landforms) associated with hyper-arid soils explained partially the SOC variability. On the other hand, soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents, in the form of carbonates, ranged from 200 to 1500 μg C per g of soil for the 0–0.1 m profile and from 200 to 3000 μg C per g of soil for the 0–1.0 m profile in the driest area. The largest accumulations of organic and inorganic carbon were found near to arid–semiarid areas. In addition, the elemental carbon concentrations show that the presence of other forms of inorganic carbon (e.g. graphite, etc.) was negligible in these hyperarid soils. Overall, the top 1 m soil layer of hyperarid lands contains ∼11.6 Tg of organic carbon and 344.6 Tg of carbonate carbon. The total stored carbon was 30.8-fold the organic carbon alone. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the total budget carbon on the surface and shallow subsurface on ∼160,000 km² of hyperarid soils.     

一种防空型号武器控制系统软件架构设计方法

主要介绍了防空型号武器控制系统软件设计的一般要求及特点,并介绍了各种软件设计所需要的操作系统、开发语言及调试环境。最后结合实际型号的工程研制过程给出了武器控制软件设计的一种基本架构。     

基于有向图模型的卫星任务指令生成算法

面向任务的卫星操控模式具有操作简便、星载资源使用效率高的优点,正在取代指令序列注入成为遥感卫星运控的新模式。文章提出一种基于有向图模型的遥感卫星任务指令序列生成算法,具有线性存储复杂度和计算复杂度,适合存储资源和计算资源受限的星载计算机应用。此算法已在某遥感卫星应用,测试试验表明,采用3个面向任务的高级指令即可生成52种指令序列,任务上行注入效率提升了5倍。本文方法根据有效载荷的使用约束条件,配置有向图模型参数,即可满足各种类型卫星使用。     

Viability of barley seeds after long-term exposure to outer side of international space station

Barley seeds were exposed to outer space for 13 months in a vented metal container without a climate control system to assess the risk of physiological and genetic mutation during long-term storage in space. The space-stored seeds (S0 generation), with an 82% germination rate in 50 seeds, lost about 20% of their weight after the exposure. The germinated seeds showed normal growth, heading, and ripening. The harvested seeds (S1 generation) also germinated and reproduced (S2 generation) as did the ground-stored seeds. The culm length, ear length, number of seed, grain weight, and fertility of the plants from the space-stored seeds were not significantly different from those of the ground-stored seeds in each of the S0 and S1 generation. Furthermore, the S1 and S2 space-stored seeds respectively showed similar β-glucan content to those of the ground-stored seeds. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis with 16 primer combinations showed no specific fragment that appears or disappears significantly in the DNA isolated from the barley grown from the space-stored seeds. Though these data are derived from nine S0 space-stored seeds in a single exposure experiment, the results demonstrate the preservation of barley seeds in outer space for 13 months without phenotypic or genotypic changes and with healthy and vigorous growth in space.     

数字存储示波器数据处理系统设计

基于传统单处理器系统有限的数据处理能力正逐渐成为示波器整机的瓶颈,作者设计了一种基于可编程系统芯片(System on programm ablech ip,SOPC)结构,用于1 GHz采样速率数字存储示波器(Digital storageos-cilloscope,DSO)的数据处理系统。系统中,根据模数转换器特征为其设计了具有数据缓存功能的接口单元;以A ltera Nios II/f软核为基础完成了专用微处理器的设计;针对DSO数据处理特征构建了4个并行处理电路;同时,系统还实现了液晶显示屏(LCD)的硬件驱动。SOPC结构的引入,使得该系统在具备强大数据处理能力的同时,具有低功耗和高集成度的特点。     

长期贮存对卫星典型结构件的形变影响分析

某大型卫星经历了长期的地面贮存,从结构生产完成至卫星发射历时9年。文章提取此卫星承力筒、结构板的工程数据,与同类型其他卫星的数据进行对比分析,总结出长期贮存后卫星承力筒和典型结构板——对地板的形变规律,并探讨影响结构变形的原因。研究结果可为后续卫星的贮存设计、贮存试验以及贮存后影响分析提供指导和借鉴。     

密封用硅橡胶老化过程宏观微观特性相关性

开展了密封用某型硅橡胶胶片试件的热空气加速老化试验,对不同等当老化年份下的试件进行了单向拉伸测试和元素分析,获得了老化过程中应力应变数据以及关键元素浓度变化数据;在不同等当老化年份下宏观力学性能及微观化学数据分析的基础上,研究了本构参数与等当老化时间的函数关系以及老化效应与等当老化时间的函数关系,进而建立了宏观力学行为与微观化学变化的相关性模型。某硅橡胶密封圈的应用表明,基于宏观、微观相关性的本构参数插值,应力应变数据与同批次材料100%应变范围内的最大偏差约为7.6%。     

平抑风电场功率波动的复合储能系统控制策略

随着风力发电所占发电比例的上升,其随机性、波动性及间歇性对电网的影响不可忽视。基于超级电容和蓄电池组成的复合储能系统,提出了一种用于抑制风电功率波动的自适应复合储能控制策略,通过引入超级电容荷电状态反馈来实施对低通/高通滤波器时间常数的控制,在完成对风电波动功率平抑的同时,合理分配平抑功率,避免超级电容过充过放。最后通过仿真,针对春夏秋冬不同时间窗口下的功率波动进行平抑,验证了所提自适应控制策略的有效性。