基于机体振动的直升机桨毂阻尼故障诊断

研究了仅用机体振动信号诊断旋翼减摆器阻尼失效、轴向铰卡涩和水平铰卡涩3种桨毂阻尼故障的可行性。在旋翼试验台上分别设置上述3种阻尼故障,测取机体振动响应,利用快速傅立叶变换分析其频谱特征。分析表明,3种阻尼故障引起的机体振动谱图互不相同。采用概率神经网络实现了3种阻尼故障的正确分类。研究表明,仅用机体振动响应实现旋翼阻尼故障诊断是可行的。     

Effects of surface roughness on the aerodynamic performance of a high subsonic compressor airfoil at low Reynolds number

The aerodynamic performance of compressor airfoil is significantly affected by the surface roughness at low Reynolds number (Re). In the present study, numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the impact of surface roughness on the profile loss of a high subsonic compressor airfoil at Re = 1.5 × 10⁵. Four roughness locations, covering 10%, 30%, 50% and 100% of the suction surface from the leading edge and seven roughness magnitudes (R_a) ranging from 52 to 525 μm were selected. Results showed that the surface roughness mainly determined the loss generation process by influencing the structure of the Laminar Separation Bubble (LSB) and the turbulence level near the wall. For all the roughness locations, the variation trend for the profile loss with the roughness magnitude was similar. In the transitionally rough region, the negative displacement effect of the LSB was suppressed with the increase of roughness magnitude, leading to a maximum decrease of 14.6%, 16.04%, 16.45% and 10.20% in the profile loss at R_a = 157 μm for the four roughness locations, respectively. However, with a further increase of the roughness magnitude in the fully rough region, the stronger turbulent dissipation enhanced the growth rate of the turbulent boundary layer and increased the profile loss instead. By comparison, the leading edge roughness played a dominant role in the boundary layer development and performance variation. To take fully advantage of the surface roughness reducing profile loss at low Re, the effects of roughness on suppressing LSB and inducing strong turbulent dissipation should be balanced effectively.     

局部贴敷黏弹性阻尼层圆柱壳振动频率与阻尼有限元分析

在引入黏弹性材料复模量模型和考虑圆柱壳弹性边界的基础上,研发了有限元程序来解决考虑频率依赖性的复合圆柱壳振动频率与阻尼的非线性计算问题。创建了一种4节点24自由度复合壳单元来模拟局部贴敷黏弹性阻尼层圆柱壳的力学行为,推导了单元的刚度及质量矩阵。提出由6个弹簧组组成的周向变刚度弹性约束模型来模拟圆柱壳底部的弹性边界条件。确定了复合圆柱壳的动力学有限元方程,并描述了用特征向量增值法求解其振动频率与阻尼的迭代计算过程。对贴敷ZN-1自由阻尼层圆柱壳进行了实例计算,结果表明:该算法的计算结果与实验测试值误差最大为3.69%,另外黏弹性材料的频率依赖性对复合结构固有频率影响小于0.01%,而对模态损耗因子影响最大为109.47%。     

空间对接机构差动式缓冲阻尼及传动系统力学特性研究

空间对接机构差动式缓冲阻尼及传动系统的模化是航天器对接动力学中的核心内容之一,本文在分析该系统运动学原理的基础上研究系统的动力学特性,给出了精确的动力学模型,进行对接动力学仿真研究。     

空间望远镜用黏滞液体阻尼隔振器研究

为抑制卫星平台对天基望远镜的扰动, 需进行减振设计. 设计了一种空间望远镜用黏滞液体阻尼隔振器, 具有密封可靠、空间环境适应性好等特点. 根据流固耦合相关理论建立阻尼参数模型, 在此基础上实现了隔振器结构设计, 并对核心元件弹簧片进行参数优化设计, 加工制作出一套原理样机. 对该样机的刚度和阻尼性能进行了仿真分析和实验测试. 结果表明, 该隔振器的刚度特性和阻尼特性理论分析结果均与实验结果吻合较好, 说明模型较为准确, 具有工程设计指导价值.     

Parametric study on the flutter sensitivity of a wide-chord hollow fan blade

In recent years, the hollow fan blades have been widely used to meet the demand for light weight and good performance of the aero-engine. However, the relationship between the hollow structure and the aeroelastic stability has not been studied yet in the open literature. In this paper,it has been investigated for an H-shaped hollow fan blade. Before studying the flutter behavior, the methods of parametric modeling and auto-generation of Finite Element Model(FEM) are presented. The influence of t...     

弹性环式挤压油膜阻尼器设计因素研究

本文研究了一种新型挤压油膜阻尼器——弹性环式挤压油脱阻尼器（ERSFD）以改善传统挤压油膜阻尼器（SFD）的油膜力特性。通过对ERSFD数学物理模型的求解,研宄了ERSFD油膜力特性,研究表明弹性环的变形能够从动地改善偏心率。从而有效改善刚度非线性。另外,本文也研究了影响油膜力特性的结构参数,为适合于工程应用的ERSFD结构设计奠定了基础。     

阻尼颗粒动态特性研究

在垂直简谐激励条件下,测量颗粒体对基础产生的冲击力,得到冲击力受约化加速度控制会经历一系列倍周期分岔的规律,并给出分岔周期冲击力的谐波分量表达式;通过稳态功率输入法得到阻尼颗粒产生的损耗功率和附加质量与激励的关系。试验结果表明,对于给定频率,损耗功率随激励幅值的增加单调递增;对于给定速度幅值,损耗功率随激励频率的增加呈现为：低频段迅速增大,而后递增速率减缓的过程。由颗粒体产生的附加质量存在明显的转捩点现象,转捩点之后,附加质量随激励幅值的增加而变小。     

固体姿轨控发动机动态推力补偿

作为实现导弹快速机动响应的关键部件,固体姿轨控发动机的性能需要通过动态多分力测试评价,但由于推力测试台结构复杂,对测试数据补偿提出了更高的要求。本文采用双模态阻尼补偿法开展固体姿轨控发动机推力补偿研究,通过脉冲激励试验获得了主要模态参数,并对脉冲激励和发动机冷流试验数据进行补偿,验证了双模态阻尼补偿方法的可行性和应用效果。结果表明:双模态阻尼补偿效果优于单模态补偿,可以有效恢复动态推力信号。所建立的双模态阻尼补偿,在姿轨控发动机研制中得到了应用。     

固体火箭发动机中铝粉燃烧研究概述

介绍了固体火箭发动机中单个铝颗粒燃烧模型的发展与铝颗粒的燃烧特性;阐述了铝粉分布燃烧现象、分布燃烧放热与声场的耦合关系及其对发动机稳定性的增益作用;总结了惰性颗粒的阻尼理论以及在表面旋涡脱落条件下惰性颗粒对压强振荡的放大作用;提出了应从复杂流场中全面考虑铝粉燃烧对发动机的增益与阻尼作用,建立其对发动机工作稳定性影响的综...