系统科学与民航安全文化建设

用现代系统理论观战,审视了中国民航安全文化建设的历史经验,得出了有益于安全文化建设的指导思想。首先,通过对安全文化与民航系统的协同问题的分析,探讨了对”安全第一“原则的深层次理解及在实际工作中的把握;其次,研究了系统的运动与安全文化发展的内在关系,提出了保证安全文化建设健康发展的思路。     

多杯圆形辐射器方向图分析计算

利用矩量法和几何绕射理论(GTD)分析计算多杯多模圆形辐射器的辐射场.辐射器中心波导为圆波导,由TE₁₁模激励,带有若干个同轴杯.首先利用等效原理和矩量法计算嵌在无限大金属板上圆形辐射器的等效磁流分布,允许各波导区域中有任意多个高次模式存在,利用傅里叶变换法求得其辐射方向图,然后把该辐射场作为有限圆形接地板边缘的入射场,利用GTD计算圆接地板边缘对辐射器方向图的贡献.具体分析了三杯圆形辐射器的方向图,计算结果与实验结果吻合良好.      

基于模糊控制的直升机纵向电传控制律设计

直升机具有多变量、轴间强耦合和不稳定的非线性系统的特点,在悬停状态下尤为严重,用常规控制方法设计的控制系统难以满足高性能直升机的需要.模糊控制是一种比较近似于人类解决问题方式的控制方法,通过模仿人类思维中的模糊概念,进而控制某些不确定系统,应用模糊控制对直升机在悬停条件下纵向姿态控制/姿态保持(ACAH)响应类型控制律进行设计,通过仿真证明了这种方法的良好效果.      

三层壳体计算的刚度等效方法

针对三层壳体计算复杂的问题,提出了一种较简单的计算三层壳体的方法——刚度等效法.该方法可以充分利用通用板壳理论的研究成果,直接使用通用板壳理论的公式.使用刚度等效法计算三层壳体可以减少计算工作量,并保留较高的计算精度.分析了通用板壳理论中的公式特点,根据刚度等效原理,给出了三层板的刚度等效计算过程,推导出了三层板的等效弹性模量和等效厚度的计算公式.在算例中,直接把三层板的等效弹性模量和等效厚度代入通用板壳理论的公式,计算出了弹性基础上三层圆柱壳体的位移.通过数值计算对刚度等效方法进行了验证.刚度等效方法可以用于其它多层薄壁壳体的计算.      

智能化雷达对抗情报处理技术研究

随着雷达技术的迅猛发展,雷达信号的密度、复杂程度都大幅度提高,这就增加了雷达信号的不确定性因素。本文讨论了粗糙集理论、模糊集理论、证据理论和可能性理论等人工智能技术在雷达对抗情报处理中的应用。对雷达辐射源的型号和工作模式识别、雷达网信息以及所属平台信息的推理技术进行了探索研究,给出了研究建议。     

基于改进粒子群算法辨识Volterra级数的目标机动轨迹预测

目标机动轨迹预测是空战态势感知和目标威胁评估的重要前提。针对传统目标机动轨迹预测模型复杂度大、预测精度低等问题，结合目标机动轨迹时间序列的混沌特性，提出一种基于相空间重构理论和Volterra泛函级数的目标机动轨迹预测模型。该模型首先采用0-1检测法验证了目标机动轨迹时间序列具有混沌特性；其次，利用C-C法确定嵌入维数和时间延迟，对目标机动轨迹时间序列进行了相空间重构；然后，引入Volterra泛函级数预测模型，为了克服高阶Volterra核函数求解复杂的难题，提出一种混沌变异自适应粒子群算法，构建一种基于改进粒子群算法辨识的Volterra级数预测模型，并将其应用于目标机动轨迹预测；最后，将所提算法与卡尔曼滤波算法以及机器学习算法进行单步和多步预测对比，同时将改进粒子群算法与其他智能算法进行性能比较。仿真结果表明：所提预测模型具有良好的单步和多步预测性能，改进的粒子群算法具有参数辨识精度高、收敛速度快的优点。     

Modified micro-mechanics based multiscale model for progressive failure prediction of 2D twill woven composites

To consider fiber random distribution at the microscale for the multiscale model based on the micro-mechanics failure (MMF) theory, clustering method is used for the extraction of amplification factors. As the clustering method is a kind of unsupervised machine learning method, the elements with similar mechanical behavior under external loading can be included in a cluster automatically at the microscale. With this modification, the fiber random distribution model can be used for multiscale damage analysis in the framework of MMF theory. To validate the modified multiscale analysis method, progressive damage analysis of a kind of 2D twill woven composites is conducted based on different microscale models. The stress values for microscale models with fiber hexagonal and random distribution patterns are compared first. Much higher stress concentration is generated in the fiber random distribution model due to the smaller inter-fiber distance especially under longitudinal shear loading. The obtained cluster distribution results exhibit the characters of the stress distribution in the two microscale models. Thereafter, tensile and compressive responses of the 2D twill woven composite are predicted with the modified multiscale analysis method and accuracy of the method is verified through comparison with published experimental results. From the simulation results, it can be found that the matrix damage initiation from the model based on the fiber random distribution model is premature compared with that from the model based on the fiber hexagonal distribution model. Besides, under tensile loading, the damage all initiates from the fill tows and propagates to the wrap tows. However, under compressive loading, the matrix damage initiates from the wrap tows in the model based on the fiber random distribution model.     

Stable two-sided matching of slot allocation in airport collaborative decision making by top trading cycles mechanism

The problem of capacity shortage in some airports needs to be dealt with sustainable solutions including a more efficient use of the existing runway slots at the airports. The Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) is an important approach applied to Air Traffic Management (ATM) to achieve this efficient use of the slots allocation. Using the Matching approach for two-sided markets of Game theory, the Top Trading Cycle CDM (TTC-CDM) algorithm developed in this research is an extension of the CDM approach aggregating the Ground Delay Program (GDP) of the air sector. The paper compared the developed TTC-CDM model to the existing models such as the conventional Compression algorithm in CDM, the Trade Cycle algorithm and the Deferred Acceptance CDM (DA-CDM) model to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. Through a case study, the results show the effective application of TTC-CDM model to slot allocation in ATM and also presents the advantage of considering the preferences of airport managers beside ATC controllers and airlines in the decision processing.     

基于分岔理论的起落架撑杆式锁机构设计

提出了运用分岔理论研究锁机构性能问题的分析方法，以前起落架上下位一体式锁机构为对象，基于分岔理论，通过数值延拓，研究了收放作动筒和解锁作动筒对该机构稳定性能的影响，阐释了锁机构运动分岔图中分岔点与上锁、解锁行为的对应关系，并分别针对上、下位解锁过程按照不同解锁力共划分了5种锁机构解锁状态。论述了延拓解锁、上锁分岔点得到的轨迹曲线，并根据曲线临界尖点定义了临界解锁力和临界解锁角度2个状态变量，随后分析了弹簧刚度、原长和安装点位置对以上变量的影响趋势。基于影响分析结果，在锁机构上锁能力一定的前提下，改变参数，优化了下位临界解锁力。研究表明，分岔分析能够快速全面地把握锁机构动力学特性随不同参数的变化趋势，在分析锁机构性能、指导参数初步设计方面有一定优势。