New Insights on Geomagnetic Storms from Model Simulations Using Multi-Spacecraft Data

The forecast of the terrestrial ring current as a major contributor to the stormtime Dst index and a predictor of geomagnetic storms is of central interest to ‘space weather’ programs. We thus discuss the dynamical coupling of the solar wind to the Earth's magnetosphere during several geomagnetic storms using our ring current-atmosphere interactions model and coordinated space-borne data sets. Our model calculates the temporal and spatial evolution of H⁺, O⁺, and He⁺ ion distribution functions considering time-dependent inflow from the magnetotail, adiabatic drifts, and outflow from the dayside magnetopause. Losses due to charge exchange, Coulomb collisions, and scattering by EMIC waves are included as well. As initial and boundary conditions we use complementary data sets from spacecraft located at key regions in the inner magnetosphere, Polar and the geosynchronous LANL satellites. We present recent model simulations of the stormtime ring current energization due to the enhanced large-scale convection electric field, which show the transition from an asymmetric to a symmetric ring current during the storm and challenge the standard theories of (a) substorm-driven, and (b) symmetric ring current. Near minimum Dst there is a factor of ∼ 10 variation in the intensity of the dominant ring current ion specie with magnetic local time, its energy density reaching maximum in the premidnight to postmidnight region. We find that the O⁺ content of the ring current increases after interplanetary shocks and reaches largest values near Dst minimum; ∼ 60% of the total ring current energy was carried by O⁺ during the main phase of the 15 July 2000 storm. The effects of magnetospheric convection and losses due to collisions and wave-particle interactions on the global ring current energy balance are calculated during different storm phases and intercompared. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Three-line structured light vision system for non-cooperative satellites in proximity operations

Adapter ring is a commonly used component in non-cooperative satellites,which has high strength and is suitable to be recognized and grasped by the space manipulator.During proximity operations,this circle feature may be occluded by the robot arm or limited field of view.Moreover,the captured images may be underexposed when there is not enough illumination.To address these problems,this paper presents a structured light vision system with three line lasers and a monocular camera.The lasers proje...     

窄频差硅基环形陀螺检测闭环控制系统设计

针对窄频差硅基环形波动陀螺动态性能差的问题,提出了一种基于比例积分微分-惯性环节(proportion integral differential-inertial element, PID-IE)的串联式相位校正检测闭环系统控制器。以硅微机械陀螺仪结构运动方程为基础建立了理想的窄频差U形弹性梁硅基环形波动陀螺仪的系统模型。通过对环形陀螺开环工作状态下的系统模型及其外围电路的传递函数和波特图分析,设计了一种基于PID-IE的检测闭环系统控制器。通过对其系统模型及外围电路时域仿真,验证了该检测闭环控制系统的可行性,通过仿真发现,加入该控制器后的陀螺输出稳定时间减少了50%,陀螺检测位移输出减小了2个数量级,基本实现了该陀螺的检测位移抑制。在模拟电路中实现了该检测闭环控制系统后,通过实验测试了陀螺检测闭环控制前后的各项性能指标。通过实验测试发现,实现闭环控制后,陀螺输出稳定时间约为0.15 s,陀螺检测位移在闭环工作状态下比开环工作状态减小了97%,陀螺的标度因数比检测开环提高了10倍,零偏及零偏不稳定性与检测开环相比分别提升了3倍和8倍,且闭环控制系统的工作带宽比开环工作带宽提高了30倍...     

T700/3234 管件力学性能

采用压机压制工艺方法研制了T700/3234 管件,对其进行了拉伸、压缩和弯曲试验。结果表明,

T700/3234 管件胶接长度对于拉伸试验结果影响较大,安装记忆合金环有助于提高管件的抗拉伸性能,有记忆

合金环试样可承受的最大拉伸载荷较无记忆合金环试样提高10. 1%;压缩性能试验单独管件与不加记忆合金

的金属胶接后的管件对于压缩试验结果影响不大,记忆合金环有助于提高管件的抗压缩性能,有记忆合金环试

样可承受的最大压缩载荷、压缩强度较无记忆合金环试样提高10. 0% 以上,但压缩模量较无记忆合金环试样

无变化;有记忆合金环试样可承受的最大弯曲载荷可达20. 433 kN,较无记忆合金环试样提高5. 5%;为高性能

碳纤维复合材料管件设计提供了依据。

     

激光陀螺捷联惯导系统旋转调制技术综述

激光陀螺旋转调制技术是一种系统级误差自补偿技术,能够有效调制陀螺和加速度计的误差,提高导航系统的精度。首先分析了旋转调制型捷联惯导系统的基本原理和类型,然后从转位方案的编排、惯性测量单元旋转速度和转停时间的选取、旋转机构的导航解算、旋转机构的误差分析、载体角运动隔离等多方面,对激光陀螺旋转调制技术进行了综述,并探讨了我国旋转调制技术的重点研究方向,提出了合理的建议。     

直升机低速飞行特性与意外右偏航

根据国外有关参考资料，对直升机丧尾桨推力导致意想不右偏航进行了讨论分析，简单介绍了直升机飞行时的四种飞行特性，（风标稳定性、尾桨涡环状态、主旋翼桨盘旋涡影响，丧失前飞升力）在意外右偏航中的作用和特点，以及改出方法和实施改出的应急措施，为飞行人员保证飞行安全提供了参考依据。     

一种激光陀螺闭锁阈值的测试方法研究

闭锁效应是二频机抖激光陀螺的最重要误差,其主要来源于光路中的背向散射。通过对自洽场方程组的分析,给出了光强与频差的表达式,继而得到一种新的闭锁阈值测试方法。通过搭建相关测试系统,并对比传统的转台渐进降速测试的闭锁阈值,结果表明新方法得到的测试值与陀螺实测精度具有更好的吻合性,这对预估和分析激光陀螺性能具有较好的指导意义。     

两个椭圆涡环的相互作用

本文从不可压缩的Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程出发，采用标准伪谱法直接数值模拟了周期性立方体内两个共轴椭圆形涡环的相互作用，雷诺数Ｒｅ／１０００，计算表明：涡环经 开跨接由上下对峙变成了前后对峙。我们发现在断开跨接的同时，高波数谱分量急产大，这表明流体内部有小尺度的结构产生，由此说明断开跨接与湍流的产生有一定联系。     

CFRP-TC4叠层板的钻削实验

采用硬质合金麻花钻对CFRP-TC4叠层板进行钻削试验,分析了钛合金层加工参数对钻削力、钻削温度和加工孔质量的影响。结果表明:随着转速的增加,钛合金层的轴向力逐渐减小;随着钛合金层进给量的增加,钛合金层与CFRP层的轴向力之比逐渐增加。运用指数公式模型对钛合金层轴向力实验结果进行回归分析,得到轴向力与转速以及进给量之间的关系式:F_z=2 088n~(-0.1222)·f_r~(0.2016),并对该方程进行了检验验证,误差均小于10%;在钛合金层进给量不变时,随着钛合金层转速的增加,CFRP的最大烧伤环直径和层间最高温度逐渐增加。     

一等环规测量仪的研制

一等环规测量仪是将激光干涉仪测长技术、静态光电显微镜瞄准技术和精密微位移定位技术作为主体测量技术，以上三项技术的有机结合使该仪器的测量不确定度达到了国际法制计量组织(OIML)规定的一等环规的测量要求。