绕月微卫星精确撞月轨道设计

为实现约束条件下的精准可控撞月,提出了基于Lambert问题的精确撞月轨道设计方法。通过求解Lambert问题,可得到撞月轨道轨控时刻的速度脉冲初值解,然后通过打靶法迭代得到撞月轨道的精确解。以"龙江二号"微卫星轨道为例,对撞月点经纬度的覆盖性,以及燃料约束下同一撞月点可行的轨控弧段进行全面分析。最后,通过月球南极水冰探测的撞月轨道设计案例,以验证本文提出的轨道设计方法的有效性。     

Design of nanofluid-cooled heat sink using topology optimization

The paper presented topology optimization of 2D and 3D Nanofluid-Cooled Heat Sink (NCHS). The flow and heat transfer problem in the NCHS was treated as a single-phase nanofluid based convective heat transfer model. The temperature-dependent fluid properties were taken into account in the model due to the strong temperature-dependent features of nanofluids. An average temperature minimum problem was studied subject to the fluid area and energy dissipation constraints by using the density method. In the method, the design variable is updated according to the gradient information obtained by an adjoint based sensitivity analysis process. The effects of the energy dissipation constraint, temperature-dependent fluid properties and nanofluid characteristics on optimal configurations of NCHS were numerically investigated with following conclusions. Firstly, branched flow channels in the optimal configuration increased with the rise of the allowed energy dissipation. Secondly, temperature-dependent fluid properties were significant for obtaining the appropriate optimal results with best cooling performance. Thirdly, heat transfer performances of optimal configurations were enhanced by reducing the nanoparticle diameter or increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction. Fourthly, the optimal configuration for nanofluid had better cooling performance than that for its base fluid.     

推进剂贮箱金属焊接件疲劳裂纹对应力强度因子影响的数值分析

卫星推进剂贮箱的焊接质量直接影响卫星的寿命和可靠性。文章通过仿真分析研究焊接残余应力对贮箱上已存在裂纹的影响。首先针对球壳模型和平板模型分别计算焊接残余应力,然后在应力强度值最大的危险区域引入裂纹,对不同角度和尺寸系数的裂纹对应力强度因子影响的数值和变化趋势进行分析。研究表明：起主要作用的是应力强度因子KI;KII受角度影响相对较大;KI和KII的最小值都在裂纹中心处;KIII基本随归一化裂纹前沿数值增加而增加。     

航天器热平衡试验用大面阵外热流动态模拟系统设计及应用验证

针对航天器热平衡试验时采用固定式红外加热笼无法模拟超低热流的问题,文章研制了一种可在真空低温环境下长时间连续可靠运行的大面阵外热流动态模拟系统。该系统能够在不打开真空容器的情况下,通过动态调整红外加热笼与航天器表面之间的相对位置,同时实现航天器表面的高热流和超低热流模拟,高、低热流模拟的转换时间最短仅需3 min,所模拟的最低热流不大于20 W/m2。将该系统应用于某航天器热平衡试验,能够在低温工况有效降低航天器表面接收的外热流,使航天器表面温度和该表面上的单机温度降低3.5～10 ℃。     

某弹载天线热管PCM热控装置参数分析

为获得某弹载天线热管PCM复合热控装置的相控阵天线的温控性能,建立了其整机数学模型,并基于DSC测试数据,采用有效热容法对材料的相变过程进行模拟。根据T/R组件安装面的最高温度和储热器内相变材料的相变完成情况,研究了相变材料导热系数和翅片数对整机热控性能的影响。研究发现,使用较高导热系数的相变材料与较多的铜翅片数量有利于提高装置的热控性能,且两参数效益可以互补。最后根据研究获得的综合优选参数,制作了试验样机,验证了参数设置的合理性和可行性。     

Design of Optical and Mechanical Structure for Lunar Simulator Based on Variable Shape and Adjustable Radiance

To simulate the different lunar phases and ensure continuous adjustability of the radiant brightness, a new broad spectrum light and frosted glass were applied and designed in the optical system for lunar simulator with the shapes and radiance being able to be adjusted. According to the engineering demand and index requirements of the optical system, three major design aspects are addressed, including the high reliability and maintainability for broad-spectrum light, heat dissipation in lunar simulator for long working hours, and bearing of the main frame under different working conditions. By designing a reasonable machine structure, and through the structure itself with the matrix arrangement of 48 axial flow fans, an effectively cooling air duct is established. Deformation and temperature were calculated by the finite element software ANSYS. The results showed that the displacement deformation reached 0.33mm and stress deformation reached 0.02MPa at the temperature of 20℃; when the main frame was in the temperature field between 20℃ and 65℃, the maximum displacement deformation reached 13.30mm and maximum stress deformation is 97.90MPa, and the amount of this deformation is very small in considering of the mechanical structure dimensions and weight of the lunar simulator.     

地球同步轨道相对论电子微分通量的动态预报模型

地球同步轨道区域充满能量高达MeV的高能电子,其对航天器威胁极大.电子微分通量预报有助于及时有效地预警高能电子事件,降低高能电子对航天器造成的危害.本文以此为背景提出了一种基于经验正交函数（EOF）方法的地球同步轨道相对论电子微分通量预报模型.该模型利用太阳风参数及地磁指数拟合后一天的电子通量EOF系数,结合EOF基函数给出后一天中大于2MeV电子微分通量预报.对2003年1月至2006年6月的样本测试结果表明,该模型可以重构出电子微分通量的真实变化,给出较好的5min微分通量预报,其平均预报效率达到67%左右.     

基于传输矩阵法的等离子体鞘套传输特性分析

引入分层模型传输矩阵法,分析高速临近空间飞行器等离子体鞘套传输特性.通过对典型飞行器模型进行纳维-斯托克斯方程组数值求解,仿真了等离子体鞘套的流场电子密度分布,分析了电磁波在等离子体鞘套内传输时的衰减常数,给出信号传输的反射系数和透射系数.基于传输矩阵法的仿真结果与理论分析结果和时域有限差分法仿真分析结果有良好的一致性,同时,该方法有效降低了计算复杂度,适用于任意电子密度分布和厚度的等离子体鞘套传输特性的数值求解.     

飞机发动机短舱降载轻量化设计方法研究

为了进一步提升发动机短舱的传载效率,通过研究国内外飞机发动机短舱安装及载荷传递路径,同时借鉴、比对了成熟的国内外发动机短舱结构连接形式,以飞机的发动机短舱为研究对象,采用三维数字建模、有限元仿真等分析方法,建立了短舱传递和不传递发动机扭矩的两种结构形式,并对短舱参与传载比例进行了计算分析,最终通过试验验证了轻量化新结构形式的有效性,实现了基于柔性连接结构设计技术的发动机短舱降载轻量化目标,为进一步工业化、批产化提供技术支持。     

复合材料机载天线罩有限元内力计算和屈曲稳定性分析

本文用有限元法计算了复合材料机载天线罩的内力,并对其进行了稳定性分析,得到了均布载荷作用下天线罩的内力和稳定性临界载荷及屈曲模态。文中选用轴对称截锥单元来离散天线罩,在应变向量阵中引入了横向剪切应变,从而考虑了剪切影响。为了避免剪切自锁,刚度的计算采用一点高斯积分法,几何刚度的推导采用Stricklin法。最终将稳定性问题归结为特征值问题。数值算例表明,对于复合材料旋转壳,横向剪切变形使其临界载荷降低;天线罩内力较大的区域集中在头部附近,失稳发生在根部附近,增加根部的厚度可改善天线罩的稳定性。