最少自由度板弯有限元

 本文用混合刚度有限元方法构造了解薄板弯曲问题的6自由度三角形和8自由度四边形混合刚度板元。数值算例表明性能良好。     

一种三维激光扫描系统的设计及参数标定

基于三维激光扫描系统的移动机器人动态环境地图构建技术是机器人智能感知技术的重要组成部分,而三维激光扫描系统的设计及标定技术对于地图构建的精度有决定性的影响。针对应用于小型移动机器人的三维激光扫描系统低成本、小型化的需求,设计了一套由高精度旋转云台和小型二维激光测距传感器组成的三维激光扫描系统,并提出了一种新的系统参数标定方法以提高三维扫描测量的准确度。该方法使用镂空圆孔标定板作为标定对象以完成对三维扫描特征自动准确获取,并根据非线性最小二乘法对三维激光扫描系统的参数进行优化计算。实验结果表明,所设计的三维激光扫描系统能够准确地测量周围环境的三维信息,实现了以低成本获得高质量环境建模的三维扫描数据技术。      

叉排扰流柱排列参数对旋转矩形通道对流换热特性的影响

本文用实验的方法研究了叉排扰流柱阵列的排列参数对旋转矩形通道对流换热特性的影响。实验共采用了6个模型,扰流柱的排列参数S_n/d的取值为5.0,6.5和8.0,S_p/S_n为1.2,1.6和2.0,其中d为扰流柱的直径,S_n为扰流柱横向间距,S_p为2倍的纵向间距。结果表明,在实验范围内,纵向排列参数S_p/S_n的取值介于1.2和1.6之间为好;扰流柱横向排列参数S_n/d=5,即最密时,最有利于换热,但应综合考虑其引起的流阻损失。      

多孔板水升华器试验研究

探索了多孔板的制造方法,设计了水结器试验单元件和试验装置;对不同的多孔板升华器进行了试验研究,试验重点研究了热流体入口温度和流量、多孔板物理参数、给水室压力及升华器放置情况对升华器性能的影响。试验结果证明文章提出的升华器基本的设计概念是可行的,并给出了关于水升华器进一步设计的一些有益的结论。     

压气机叶片安装板内侧面自动化磨抛加工

针对压气机叶片安装板的自动化磨抛加工,基于北航提出的自动化磨抛加工工艺开展了应用研究。结合叶片安装板区域复杂曲面或结构特点,通过对磨抛轮的粒度优选、磨抛过程的优化以及接触压力的调整,实现了磨抛精度及表面粗糙度符合设计要求的攻关目标。试验结果表明:磨抛后表面粗糙度Ra在0.4μm以下,去除量在0.03mm以内,实现了替代手工磨抛的目的。在磨抛效率上也实现了与多台数控铣的节拍匹配,在200件叶片试制过程中磨抛工艺系统稳定,拟将该技术广泛推广应用于压气机叶片的研制和生产中。     

带盖盘45°预旋系统流动特性的实验

对带盖盘45°预旋系统的预旋腔和转静腔内流动特性进行了实验研究,得到了高转速下静盘表面的静压分布、中心面（z/S=0.326）总压分布、流阻系数以及预旋孔排气系数的变化规律。结果表明:流量分配对腔内压力分布影响较小;湍流参数是腔内流动特性的主要影响参数之一;腔内流动结构主要分为转静腔的自由涡结构以及预旋腔的回流区和低压区;流阻系数随湍流参数变大而显著上升;预旋孔排气系数随着进、出口压比增加而增加。      

Effects of adverse pressure gradient on Reynolds stresses inturbulent boundary layers

The effects of adverse pressure gradient (APG) on Reynolds stresses in turbulent boundary layers (TBLs) with APG were analyzed. The difficulty of this work was attributable to the Reynolds stresses in TBLs with APG under two combined effects, i.e.: effect of upstream flow and effect of APG. The effect of upstream flow is an inherent effect no matter pressure gradient exists or not. The individual effect was analyzed from absolute developments of Reynolds stresses in TBLs with zero pressure gradient (ZPG) firstly. Effect of APG was then analyzed from absolute developments of Reynolds stresses in TBLs with APG. Result showed that, for absolute development of mean streamwise Reynolds stresses, APG accelerated its development in TBL with ZPG; for absolute development of mean normal or shear Reynolds stresses, APG increased their magnitude in the outer part, and decreased their extent of large value region.      

Review of cylinder block/valve plate interface in axial piston pumps: Theoretical models,experimental investigations,and optimal design

Axial piston pumps have been widely used in aircraft hydraulic systems to supply the system with pressurized fluid. The continuous improvement of the aircraft performance has put forward the demand on aviation piston pumps for high power density, safety, and reliability. The lubricating interfaces in axial piston machines are the key design issue that greatly determines the pump performance and service life. The cylinder block/valve plate interface is one of these critical lubricating interfaces and has received considerable attention from many researchers in the last half century. This study aims to review the state‐of‐the‐art literature on the cylinder block/valve plate interface comprehensively and systematically. First, we introduce various theoretical models developed to investigate the lubrication behaviors of the interface and compare them in terms of their assumptions and limitations. Second, the experimental studies on the cylinder block/valve plate interface are presented comprehensively, where the involved test rigs are divided into three types according to their fidelity levels and measurement functionality. Third, we summarize some typical approaches of structure optimization, surface shaping, and surface strengthening, which help improve the load-carrying and anti-wear capacities of the interface under severe operating conditions. Finally, the challenges and future trends of the cylinder block/valve plate interface research are discussed briefly.