无加力涡扇发动机二元喷管的红外辐射特性实验

对轴对称喷管和一组长宽比分别为1,4,8,12和16的二元喷管进行了红外辐射特性测试实验研究。喷管中的气流由主流燃气和次流空气组成,用以模拟涡扇发动机的喷管。得出了二元喷管的红外辐射强度的空间分布,并且将二元喷管和轴对称喷管的红外辐射强度进行了比较。      

Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of EB-PVD Film:Effects of Substrate Temperature

The 2D kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation was used to study the effects of different substrate temperatures on the microstruc-ture of Ni-Cr films in the process of deposition by the electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). In the KMC model, substrate was assumed to be a “surface” of tight-packed rows, and the simulation includes two phenomena: adatom-surface collision and adatom diffusion. While the interaction between atoms was described by the embedded atom method, the jumping energy was calculated by the molecular static (MS) calculation. The initial location of the adatom was defined by the Momentum Scheme. The results reveal that there exists a critical substrate temperature which means that the lowest packing density and the highest surface roughness structure will be achieved when the temperature is lower than the smaller critical value, while the roughness of both surfaces and the void contents keep decreasing with the substrate temperature increasing until it reaches the higher critical value. The results also indicate that the critical substrate temperature rises as the deposition rate increases.     

Electrolytic Passivation of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy in Different Electrolytes

The corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy was studied in various corrosion media of different Cl–ion concentrations. The results demonstrate that the Cl–ion concentration has significant influences on the corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance, protective films were generated on the surface of the nitinol alloy by means of the electrochemical passivation method, for which five different electrolytic solutions were investigated. The surface analysis indicates full growth of all samples pas-sivated in the different electrolytic solutions with layers, however, showing different morphological features. Without any defects like micro-cracks and pores, the surface of the samples passivated in the molybdate solution turns out smoother and denser than those pas-sivated in other solutions. It is shown that the electro-chemical passivation will reduce Ni content but increase Ti content in the surface, reaching the Mole ratio of Ti:Ni=9.01:1 on the outermost surface. Potentiodynamic polarization test demonstrates that the samples electrochemically passivated in the molybdate solution present a significant increase in breakdown potential due to titanium enrichment on the outermost surface.     

联合应用现代优化方法与S2流面计算进行多级涡轮的气动设计

本文联合应用S2流面正问题计算和多级局部优化设计对某三级涡轮进行多级气动优化设计。优化联合采用人工神经网络和遗传算法,流场计算采用全三维粘性流N-S方程求解,计算网格采用H-O-H型网格,即入口段、出口段采用H型网格,叶片区域采用O型网格。通过优化,总效率提高1.1%,总体性能提高,达到设计要求。     

添加剂含量对二硅化钼发热体抗氧化性能的影响研究

研究了添加剂含量对MoSi2发热体性能的影响,使用SEM观察各种添加剂含量试样的微观组织,测定各种添加剂含量试样的氧化动力学曲线、致密度、烧损温度。     

旋转整流罩积冰过程中水膜流动和脱离的数值研究

为了更准确地模拟旋转整流罩积冰过程,在现有三维积冰与冰层表面薄水膜流动耦合模型基础上,基于功平衡分析的方法引入了旋转部件表面水膜脱离模型,并发展了相应的计算方法,给出了水膜脱离的判定依据:当气流曳力做的功和由于离心力使水膜增加的潜能之和大于黏附功时整流罩表面的水膜会发生脱离。对旋转整流罩积冰进行数值模拟,计算结果与实验结果吻合得较好,验证了该模型的合理性和计算方法的可行性。之后分析了转速和来流速度对整流罩表面水膜脱离和积冰的影响,结果表明:转速和来流速度越大,水膜发生脱离的比例越大。在研究范围内,转速为3000r/min和6000r/min时,因水膜脱离导致积冰总量分别减少13.4%和15.8%;来流速度为40、50m/s和60m/s时,因水膜脱离导致积冰总量分别减少为12.2%、13.4%、14.2%。      

用于叶片减振的压电材料分布拓扑优化

提出一种可用于实际叶盘结构的压电分支阻尼器拓扑优化方法,可以给出总质量受约束的压电材料在叶片上的最佳分布,达到尽可能大的模态阻尼比。通过理论推导说明:压电阻尼器所产生的模态阻尼比仅取决于模态机电耦合系数,且该系数只与压电材料的几何形状以及模态应力场有关。进一步结合压电本构关系,基于应力分量的线性加权给出了有限的压电材料在叶片上铺设位置“优先级”的判断指标。给出了基于叶盘结构有限元模型的压电材料拓扑优化方法,通过替换单元类型和材料参数的方式对压电材料进行布置,并给出了多模态族优化、极化方向设置、电极铺设等问题的解决方案。在一个接近真实的叶盘模型上应用了此优化方法。结果表明,仅使用质量占叶片质量10%的压电材料,就可以为多个模态提供约12%的阻尼比。      

下一代大型军用运输类飞机气动布局及作战应用趋势浅析

随着导弹发射车、重型装甲车、智能无人集群等重型物资装备的远程快速投送需求剧增,以及隐身战机、远距空空弹、防区外自主武器等穿透性打击能力的逐渐成熟,现有常规大型军用运输类飞机在适合未来战场需求和生存能力等方面将面临巨大威胁,其投送/加油/预警指挥的活动范围将被严重挤压。本文首先对现有常规大型军用运输类飞机的国内外现状进行简要概述;然后分别介绍美俄等航空大国开展的下一代大型军用运输类飞机及其关键技术研究;最后对下一代大型军用运输类飞机气动布局发展趋势以及可能作战应用场景进行简要分析,并提出一种分布式涵道油电混合推进运输类飞机气动布局。     

基于流管试验的管道声传播预测

通过平板声衬流管试验,测试了管道内无流动和有流动下不同入射声波频率的管道壁面复声压,并基于试验模型与数据分别开展了二维和三维管道声传播预测,将试验测量结果与预测结果进行了对比。结果表明:二维和三维的预测结果非常吻合,尤其是在无流动条件下;在不同流动条件和不同频率下,声传播预测给出了与试验数据较为吻合的结果,壁面声压级的趋势与试验结果一致,基本验证了管道声传播预测模型的准确性;对比不同流动条件和频率点,有流动下预测的壁面声压级的误差比无流动更大,低频下预测的壁面声压级的误差比高频更大。      

基于两相流模型的挤压油膜阻尼器空化流场特性数值模拟

基于气液两相流理论中的Mixture模型和Zwart-Gerber-Belamri空化模型,采用动网格技术建立了两端开口中心槽供油型挤压油膜阻尼器三维非定常空化流场求解模型。数值模拟表明:随着阻尼器内环进动,考虑两相流动的油膜低压区在中心槽的两侧产生两道对称的条状负压带,条状带内具有较高的气相体积分数;阻尼器低压区的压力和气相体积分数对进油孔位置十分敏感,阻尼器油膜力和流场气穴比的变化频率与进油孔数密切相关。内环同心进动半径、进动频率对阻尼器空化流场影响的数值计算表明,进动半径和频率的增大均会使得流场内的空化现象加剧,同时气穴比的相位滞后现象愈加显著。