(SiC)Cf / Si3 N4 复合陶瓷的制备及性能

采用CVD法制备了SiC涂层包覆短碳纤维,并通过凝胶注模成型工艺制备了(SiC)C_f/Si_3N_4复合陶瓷,探讨了烧结温度对复合陶瓷中(SiC)C_f形貌的影响。同时研究了(SiC)C_f的含量对复合陶瓷力学以及介电性能的影响,当(SiC)C_f含量达到10wt%时,样品的抗弯强度比纯Si_3N_4陶瓷降低了112 MPa,但断裂韧性显著提高,增加了11.5 MPa·m~(1/2),介电常数实部和虚部达到最大,介电实部约为15~18,虚部约为6~8;反射衰减随(SiC)C_f的含量和厚度的增加而向低频移动。     

平流层臭氧和辐射场的季节分布特征

利用美国NCAR化学气候耦合模式WACCM3对平流层温度场、风场、臭氧及辐射场进行了模拟.结果表明,在适宜飞艇长期驻留的准零风层高度20～22km(对应大气压强范围为50～30hPa,以下均采用气压值表征对应大气高度),7-8月风速小于5m·s^-1的风带可长期稳定在40°N以北.臭氧空间分布显示,在30hPa气压高度处中国地区臭氧浓度出现了带状分布,30hPa高度以下低纬度地区臭氧浓度低于中纬度地区.平流层太阳加热率的时空变化表明,在平流层上层,太阳加热率可达100×10^-6K·s^-1,而在平流层下层,只有10×10^-6K·s^-1.6-8月中国区域的太阳加热率大于9月;在100～30hPa高度内,中纬度地区太阳加热率高于低纬度地区,在30hPa高度以上,低纬度地区太阳加热率高于中纬度地区;8-9月30～40hPa高度处,太阳加热率的空间变化较小.在30hPa高度上,太阳加热率在40°N昼夜变化最大;50hPa高度处,太阳加热率的昼夜变化小于30hPa高度处,而且白天太阳加热率出现极大值的纬度明显靠北.平流层低纬度地区的长波加热率小于中纬度地区.青藏高原由于地形特殊,其6-7月的臭氧浓度、太阳加热率和长波加热率均小于同纬度其他地区.     

一级时效对DD3单晶高温合金蠕变性能的作用

根据DD3合金的热分析和相分析结果,设计了以增大.γ'平均尺寸、改善γ'尺寸分布和提高析出相含量为目的的时效和固溶处理制度,进行了提高DD3单晶高温合金蠕变性能的热处理工艺研究.结果表明,增加一级高温时效处理可使γ'相尺寸明显增大;高温时效温度高于1080℃时,γ'相过分长大;1060℃/4h时效处理后,γ'相组织最优;配合在1265℃/4h的固溶处理,γ'相含量得到提高的同时,合金蠕变、拉伸性能优异.组织与性能研究证明,加入一级高温时效处理的新工艺可使DD3合金组织得到明显优化,760～1038℃范围内的蠕变性能获得显著提高.根据该结果,新的热处理工艺确定为:1265℃/4h,AC+1060℃/4h,Ac+870℃/32h.     

某变循环发动机超声涡轮设计与分析

应用相似理论原理,为某变循环发动机在高、低涵道比两种工作模式下设计了高膨胀比、大焓降超声高压涡轮,叶片造型采用S₁流面三维造型法实现.通过三维数值模拟对设计涡轮在以上两种工作模式下进行了验算,应用Spalart-Allmaras一方程湍流模型求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,并引入Abu-Ghanam Shaw转捩模型描述叶片表面边界层发展过程.数值模拟结果表明,涡轮在两种工作模式下等熵效率分别达到92.79%和92.31%,优于设计预期;三维造型法考虑了S1流面的物理特征,是一种精确而有效的叶片造型方法.      

三维五向编织复合材料导热性能的有限元分析

根据三维五向编织复合材料的细观结构模型,分别假设编织纱线和轴纱具有六边形和正方形横截面,建立了计算三维五向编织复合材料导热性能的有限元模型.采用有限元方法,设定合理的边界条件,计算了三维五向编织复合材料的横向和纵向热传导系数,并与三维四向编织复合材料的热传导系数进行了比较,分析了编织角和纤维体积含量对热传导系数的影响规律.此外,还确定了材料内部的温度、热梯度及热流量的分布,为材料热力耦合问题的分析奠定了基础.      

单级低速模拟轴流压气机实验台改进设计

为了使单级低速台能够更好地模拟高压压气机后面级流动,采用导叶+静子+转子+静子+导叶的五排叶片布局,适当提高轮毂比,以及采用3D打印树脂叶片,对常规三排叶片单级低速模拟大尺寸轴流压气机实验台进行了改进设计研究,并与四级重复级低速大尺寸压气机实验台的第三级结果进行了对比。结果表明:改型设计的单级低速大尺寸压气机的设计点效率达到了89.1%,流量裕度达到了32.9%,与四级重复级实验结果基本一致,而且实现了基本相似的级间参数分布,比传统单级实验台更接近高压压气机后面级的典型流动,从而可以利用该实验台成本低和周期短的优势,开展更多更深入的关于高压压气机后面级流动机理和设计方法的实验研究。     

基于同波束干涉的空间三维相对位置测量研究

针对深空探测器相对位置精确测量需求,建立了空间三维相对位置测量模型,研究了基于单基线同波束干涉测量(Same-beam VLBI,SBI)的空间三维位置最小二乘解算方法。利用"嫦娥3号"着陆器的测控天线与定向天线的SBI实测数据,验证了测量模型与解算方法的有效性。结果显示:SBI干涉时延随机误差约0.225 ps(0.07 mm);测控天线与定向天线之间距离误差约0.216 m,方向误差约30.4°。该研究结果有望应用于后续深空探测任务譬如"嫦娥5号"器间高精度相对测量中。     

在CAD系统上探索空间飞行器三维动画的实现途径

说明了在CAD系统上实现三维模型动画的可行性,接着论述了三维物体的运动控制方法及在CAD 系统上实现的技术途径。给出了在微机Auto CAD上利用关键帧技术和运动算法控制模拟空间飞行器运动的一些实例,同时也介绍了在Euclid-IS CAD 系统上二次开发运动模拟功能的探索。     

Yield anisotropy and tension/compression asymmetry of a Ni3Al based intermetallic alloy

In order to investigate the yielding behavior of the newly developed Ni 3 Al-based intermetallic alloy IC10, yield stresses have been measured in tension and compression with different orientations. The specimens were cut from a sheet with different angles inclined from the solidification direction. The inclined angles were taken to be 0 , 22.5 , 45 , 67.5 and 90 . All experiments were conducted at room temperature except for orientation 0 , whose deformation temperatures ranged from 298 to 1273 K. Experimental results show that the yield strength of alloy IC10 has the anomalous behavior which has been observed for other Ll 2 -long-range ordered intermetallic alloys, but it is less pronounced. The abnormalities show the following characteristics: (i) the yield strength increases as the temperature is raised below the peak temperature, (ii) yield strength anisotropy, (iii) tension/compression asymmetry. Compared to Ni 3 Al single crystals, the polycrystalline exhibits some different yielding behaviors which may be due to the high volume fraction of c phase.     

Precise orbit determination for TH02-02 satellites based on BDS3 and GPS observations

The Tianhui-2 02 (TH02-02) satellite formation, as a supplement to the microwave mapping satellite system Tianhui-2 01 (TH02-01), is the first Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) satellite formation-flying system that supports the tracking of BeiDou global navigation Satellite system (BDS3) new B1C and B2a signals. Meanwhile, the twin TH02-02 satellites also support the tracking of Global Positioning System (GPS) L1&L2 and BDS B1I&B3I signals. As the spaceborne receiver employs two independent boards to track the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites, we design an orbit determination strategy by estimating independent receiver clock offsets epoch by epoch for each GNSS to realize the multi-GNSS data fusion from different boards. The performance of the spaceborne receiver is evaluated and the contribution of BDS3 to the kinematic and reduced-dynamic Precise Orbit Determination (POD) of TH02-02 satellites is investigated. The tracking data onboard shows that the average number of available BDS3 and GPS satellites are 8.7 and 9.1, respectively. The carrier-to-noise ratio and carrier phase noise of BDS3 B1C and B2a signals are comparable to those of GPS. However, strong azimuth-related systematic biases are recognized in the pseudorange multipath errors of B1C and B3I. The pseudorange noise of BDS3 signals is better than that of GPS after eliminating the multipath errors from specific signals. Taking the GPS-based reduced-dynamic orbit with single-receiver ambiguity fixing technique as a reference, the results of BDS3-only and BDS3 + GPS combined POD are assessed. The Root Mean Square (RMS) of orbit comparison of BDS3-based kinematic and reduced-dynamic POD with reference orbit are better than 7 cm and 3 cm in three-Dimensional direction (3D). The POD performance based on B1C&B2a data is comparable to that based on B1I&B3I. The precision of BDS3 + GPS combined kinematic orbit can reach up to 3 cm (3D RMS), which has a more than 25% improvement relative to the GPS-only solution. In addition, the consistency between the BDS3 + GPS combined reduced-dynamic orbit and the GPS-based ambiguity-fixed orbit is better than 1.5 cm (3D RMS).