低纬Pc3脉动和电离层电流体系

假设在低纬地区有一根磁力线振荡,从基本方程出发,推算出地面各点的磁场扰动情况,模拟低纬Pc3脉动。对比低纬地区Pc3脉动的观测结果,可以看出用这种理论数值模拟的结果基本上与观测事实相符,用它可以初步解释低纬Pc3脉动的频率特性和偏振特点。     

图形交互自动编程及对三维曲面的处理

作为一种新型的计算机辅助编程技术，图形交互自动编程正在走进更多的企业。本文介绍了这种编程方法的特点和基本步骤，重点阐述了利用这种办法处理传统编程方法不易解决的三维曲面编程问题。     

单推三分析化验误差来源研究

单推三分析化验误差来源是多方面的,确定单推三分析过程误差来源,能为操作人员提供减少或消除误差的依据。影响单推三分析结果的主要因素有几个:标准溶液浓度的变化,滴定过程各终点的读数,环境温度的变化。在分析化验过程中,第一终点读数对硝酸肼、氨的分析结果不产生影响,但对肼有影响;第二终点读数对肼、氨分析结果有影响,但对硝酸肼无影响;第三终点读数对上述三种物质的分析结果都有影响,尤其是硝酸肼,其分析化验结果很容易超出要求范围。     

Summary of the workshop on gamma-ray burst afterglows at the 34th COSPAR meeting

A summary is given of the presentations at the COSPAR workshop on γ-ray bursts with some personal commentary on the contributions, the SN/GRB connection, and on the role of magnetic fields in γ-ray bursts and their afterglows. Of special interest were the accumulated arguments for strong collimation and associated reduction in the total required energy for γ-ray bursts. Significant discussion was also devoted to the issues associated with iron and metal lines in X-ray spectra. It is important to note that some of the afterglows seem to require ambient densities 1 g cm⁻³, rather incompatible with a massive star environment. Of associated difficulty is the fact that few, if any, afterglows seem consistent with the r⁻² wind expected for a massive star model. There are reasons to think that if γ-ray bursts are associated with supernovae they are of Type Ic. This suggests that any wind present might be rich in carbon and oxygen, not hydrogen or helium. If γ-ray bursts are narrowly collimated, then the burst is only probing a small portion of any wind, perhaps just that time-dependent and isotropic structure directly along the rotation axis. The characteristics of “hypernovae” may be the result of orientation effects in a mildly inhomogeneous set of progenitors, rather than requiring an excessive total energy or luminosity. The recent event GRB 021004 provided a rich photometric and spectroscopic record and perhaps the most direct evidence yet for the association of a specific γ-ray burst with a massive star progenitor. If the magnetic field plays a significant role in launching a relativistic γ-ray burst jet from within a collapsing star, then the magnetic field may also play a role in the propagation, collimation, and stability of that jet within and beyond the star. The magneto-rotational instability (MRI) can operate under conditions of moderate rotation. This means that the MRI will be at work generating strong fields exponentially rapidly even as the disk of material begins to form and makes a transition from a non-Keplerian to quasi-Keplerian flow in the collapsar and related models.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cross-rolled Ti_(50)Ni_(47)Fe_3 Shape Memory Alloy

The microstructures, the phase transformation characteristics, and the mechanical properties of the Ti50Ni47Fe3 alloy in as-forged and as-cross-rolled states were investigated. It is found that, after cross-rolling, the phase transformation temperature (Ms) of the alloy decreases drastically and the grains get refined. Moreover, its yield strength and fracture strength after cross-rolling hit 540 MPa and 687 MPa respectively, up by about 200 MPa over those in as-forged state.     

轴类零件三维尺寸自动标注算法

针对尺寸自动标注仅限于表达产品的几何信息而未关注其功能特性,从而导致所标注的尺寸无法恰当地描述产品设计意图的问题,提出一种基于产品功能特性的三维尺寸自动标注算法.首先,根据零件的功能构造了尺寸标注基准集;其次,建立了轴向尺寸标注优先级确定准则,构造轴向尺寸集,并采用图论法消除了尺寸冗余;然后,构建径向尺寸集,并采用尺寸冗余度法删除其中的冗余尺寸;最后,通过实例测试,验证了所提算法的可行性和有效性.     

载人航天器密封舱内生物剂量三维仿真技术

对载人航天器密封舱内航天员遭受的生物剂量进行研究分析,可为乘员辐射防护设计和工程实施提供依据。文章将基于一维深度-剂量计算、结合扇区射线法的三维辐射仿真技术运用于载人航天器总体设计中,以某中期驻留载人航天器为例,构建生物剂量仿真分析模型。计算实例分析表明,三维剂量仿真结果可有效指导乘员辐射防护优化设计,对后续长期载人飞行中的航天员辐射安全设计具有较强的实用性。     

基于动量轮转速标定的轨道控制方法研究

某地球同步三轴卫星因故障导致推力器工作效率不稳定,使得采用原有方案进行向西轨道控制时姿态变化大,控制准确度降低.针对上述问题,通过分析卫星用于姿态控制的偏置动量轮的控制规律,利用星体角动量守恒条件,建立了偏置动量轮转速变化与轨道半长轴变化之间的相关性数学模型,提出了一种改进的基于偏置动量轮转速标定的轨道控制方法,同时结合姿态的稳定变化制定了轨道控制实施方案,并将其应用于实际卫星轨道控制中,取得了良好的控制效果.改进的控制方法提高了轨道控制的准确率,使得半长轴误差幅度由最大60％提高到0.2％左右,增加了姿态的稳定性,使得俯仰姿态变化幅度由最大0.7°减小到0.2°左右,降低了控制风险,减轻了地面控制人员的负担.     

U形渠道机翼形量水槽水跃数值模拟与试验研究

量水槽是灌区常见的特设量水设备,而槽后水力特性是判断其选型是否合理的重要指标之一。以某小型灌区末级灌溉渠系改造工程为原型,针对两种不同工况,采用基于TruVOF方法跟踪自由液面、Favor技术实现网格优化的湍流数学模型,对U形渠道机翼形量水槽水跃问题进行三维数值模拟,分析了水跃的时均流场、共轭水深、发生位置、跃长、断面流速分布以及水跃段能量损失等相关水力特性。采用与原型1：1比尺的水工模型试验资料对模拟结果进行验证,结果表明,二者吻合较好。通过对实测与数值仿真的共轭水深数据进行统计分析,得到了适用于U形渠道机翼形量水槽水跃共轭水深的近似计算公式。研究结果对机翼形量水槽在平原缓坡灌区末级渠系的应用研究提供了一定的参考和建议。     

多光谱相机高稳定性光机结构设计技术

文章针对测绘应用对多光谱相机设计的技术要求,从影响相机内方位元素和在轨成像品质因素出发,结合三反离轴相机的特点,重点分析多光谱相机高稳定性设计（力学和热）。多光谱相机主体反射镜通过选取零膨胀的微晶玻璃和殷钢材料,降低了反射镜的热敏感性,反射镜组件通过采用四点球铰无应力支撑技术实现了反射镜的静定支撑、消除掉了反射镜装配应力,保证了反射镜面型的稳定性。相机主体结构与卫星的连接采用柔性卸载结构设计,卸载了卫星结构由于热变形而导致的相机结构变化,保证了相机主体结构的在轨性能稳定性。通过对整个相机进行有限元分析和环境试验,有效地验证了设计的正确性,多光谱相机主体具有较好的结构稳定性。