铝电解电容在湿热环境下的贮存可靠性

针对电子设备中的铝电解电容在贮存环境下的失效问题,通过对铝电解电容进行湿热贮存试验,考察了湿热环境引起的铝电解电容外观状态和电性能的变化,并对试验中出现的失效现象进行了分析.结果表明,铝电解电容在湿热环境下出现了引脚腐蚀和橡胶塞长霉的失效现象;环境温度对铝电解电容贮存可靠性有重要影响,温度超过40℃引脚腐蚀速度会大大加快.温度在30℃适宜霉菌生长,温度超过30℃后没有长霉现象.阳极箔上的阳极氧化膜被腐蚀是铝电解电容在湿热环境下出现电容量和漏电流增大的原因.     

海洋环境对吊放声纳作战使用影响研究

作战海域海洋环境对航空吊放声纳工作深度、探潜能力有重要影响。文中以声纳方程为基础,分析了作战海域海况、深度等海洋环境因素对吊放声纳作战使用及探测能力的影响,为合理使用吊放声纳提供了依据。     

战斗机综合热能管理系统稳态仿真

建立综合热管理系统稳态仿真数学模型,在SIMULINK软件平台上搭建仿真模块,对系统同一高度不同马赫数及同一马赫数不同高度进行了稳态仿真,得到系统中关键部件的进出口温度和流量,并分析了马赫数以及高度变化对各状态点温度的影响。分析得出马赫数增加各状态点的温度基本是增加的,只有燃油冷却出口温度先减后增;各状态点的温度随高度的增高基本是减小的,只有燃油冷却出口温度是增加的。     

Charging of dust grains by anisotropic solar wind multi-component plasma

In this paper we study the charging process of small grain particles by anisotropic multi-component solar wind plasmas (electrons, protons and heavy ions), versus two-component (electron/proton) plasmas. We are focusing attention on the important characteristics of the charging process, namely the charging time, floating potential and current content as functions of plasma parameters such as He⁺⁺/H⁺ (α/p) number density and T_α/T_p temperature ratios of alpha particles to protons, as well as plasma streaming velocity v₀. Measured statistical properties of solar wind plasma parameters at 1 AU show considerable variations in α/p-temperature ratios from 1 to 10, in α/p-number density ratio from 0.01 to 0.35, as well as in values of streaming velocity v₀ from 200 km/s to 1000 km/s and more. Periods of these variations could last for several days each, leading to significant variability in the charging process, according to newly derived general analytical expressions. Numerical calculations performed for protons/alphas plasmas showed large disparity in the charging characteristics. For example, in anisotropic plasma, grain charging time varies up to 90% depending on α/p-particles temperature and number density ratios, whereas changes in floating potential are up to 40%. In contrast, in isotropic plasma, charging characteristic for grains do not change very much for the same plasma parameters variations, with charging time varying about 12% and floating potential only varying about 4%. It is also shown that in highly anisotropic plasma, with all ballistic electrons and ions, dust grains could not hold their charges, and characteristic discharged time is calculated. We note that the analysis is equally applicable to any sized body immersed in solar wind plasma.     

Kinetic theory of sheath formation in solar wind plasma

We present a general self-consistent kinetic theory for plasma sheath formation in solar wind plasma. The theory could be applied to anisotropic, as well as to isotropic collisionless plasma without resorting to any simplifications, limitations, or assumptions, such as the necessary existence of a ‘pre-sheath’ region of ions acceleration to ensure the Bohm criterion. The kinetic framework is first applied to sheath formation around an arbitrary oriented planar absorbing surface, charged by solar wind anisotropic plasma, under the condition of negligible photoelectric effect. We then make use of our kinetic approach for the plane geometry in isotropic collisionless plasma, as a particular case of a planar electrode orientation parallel to plasma streaming velocity, also analyzing the sheath structure around spherical and cylindrical absorbing electrodes submerged in isotropic collisionless plasma. Obtained results demonstrate principal differences in spatial charge distributions in sheath regions between spherical or cylindrical electrodes of large size and an unbound planar surface submerged in isotropic plasma. In the case of a planar electrode, we directly compare results obtained in our kinetic and hydrodynamic theories and conventional hydrodynamic theory of plasma sheath formation. The outcome from the present study have direct implications to the analysis of plasma sheath structure and associated distribution in space of charged dust grains, which is relevant to the moon exploration near the optical terminator region or in shadowed craters in the moon.     

星敏感器空间辐射效应研究

星敏感器作为一类高灵敏度光电集成部件,易受空间辐射的影响造成性能退化和工作 异常。分析星敏感器的辐射效应机理并制定相应的防护对策,既是当前可靠性增长的基础, 也是今后高性能星敏感器发展的必然要求,而国内尚缺少对这一问题的详细论述。阐述了空 间辐射环境和星敏感器的组成以及工作原理,综述分析了空间辐射效应机理和对星敏感器产 生的影响,并介绍了国外在相应防护对策上的经验,更进一步对影响星敏感器较为严重的瞬 态效应做了较为深入的探讨。
     

飞机电磁环境效应的特性及控制

从飞机设计中电磁环境效应基础专业的技术领域和专业构成的演变出发,本文系统地介绍了电磁环境效应的特性以及与飞机使用和安全的关系,重点论述了飞机研制中来自电磁环境效应的威胁及其控制措施。     

无人机路径规划中的环境和威胁模型研究

为了提高无人机执行任务时的突防能力,在进行飞行路径规划时必须对战场环境中的威胁环境进行评估,而威胁环境中的威胁估计与飞机被雷达或类似的传感器探测出的风险度有关,需要考虑的信息包括无人机传感器范围内的威胁位置和强度.路径规划算法依赖于路径规划空间的建模方式,包括环境建模和威胁源建模.目前针对规划空间环境和威胁模型的建模方法缺乏系统分类和论述.分析了战场环境的建模方法,研究了规划空间的离散建模方式,根据无人机飞行过程中可能遭遇的威胁类型进行威胁源类型的划分,并针对三种威胁类型分别建立威胁风险模型,为无人机在复杂环境下的路径规划实现做了参数准备.     

高动态环境下惯组辅助GNSS接收机卫星导航信号的捕获

针对高动态环境下多普勒频移超出了接收机的搜索范围接收机无法捕获卫星导航信号这一问题,提出了利用INS辅助GNSS接收机卫星导航信号捕获的方法.该方法利用INS提供的载体位置、速度信息,并结合通过卫星星历(或历书)得到的卫星位置、速度估算载波多普勒频移,利用估算的载波多普勒频移重新设定GNSS接收机载波搜索中心频率,使G...     

泛在图书馆与高校图书馆员

泛在图书馆是图书馆新的发展方向,泛在知识环境的到来,将使图书馆社会地位和整体功能发生巨变。通过对泛在图书馆及高校图书馆员未来的展望,强调图书馆馆员职业需要危机意识、责任意识和创新意识。阐述泛在图书馆、泛在知识服务对图书馆员知识结构与专业能力的要求,提出要提高图书馆员综合素质,以适应未来社会的挑战。