一种新颖的侧滑振动导数实验技术

北京大学低速风洞中采用一种新的测量侧滑振动导数的原理和技术，它利用同一强迫振动装置，更换少许运动转换件和支杆，实现五种单自由度强迫振动，由六分量天平和相关滤波仪器测量出全部组合导数和下洗时差导数，而侧滑振动导数是通过对应的侧滑－滚转振动与演转振动测出的组合导数之差得到的。本文给出了某教练机大攻角侧洗时差导数的典型结果。     

大面积石墨烯薄膜转移技术研究进展

化学气相沉积法合成的石墨烯薄膜在实现石墨烯产业化应用过程中,依赖于大面积薄膜转移技术的突破性进展。本文按照中介物过渡转移法、直接干法和湿法转移法、大规模卷对卷转移法分类介绍了现有的30多种石墨烯薄膜转移方法,从微观机理到宏观实现方法对比了三类方法的优缺点和适用范围:中介物过渡转移法主要用于实验室阶段科学探索,转移后的薄膜质量高但尺寸小;直接干法和湿法转移法减少了中介物过渡流程,但仍处于小试阶段;大规模卷对卷转移法借鉴了半导体薄膜工业成熟的卷对卷技术,实现了米级尺寸薄膜的高效和可重复性转移,是目前批量化转移石墨烯薄膜的最有效途径。     

Orbital maneuver strategy design based on piecewise linear optimization for spacecraft soft landing on irregular asteroids

Recently, asteroid exploration becomes an important branch of human’s deep space activities. In this paper, a piecewise linear optimal orbital maneuver strategy is designed for a spacecraft soft landing on irregular-shaped asteroids. First, the space around an irregular asteroid is converted into several grid units, and the gravitational field of the asteroid is linearly fitted in each unit. Then, the soft-landing orbital maneuver strategy design problem is formulated as a piecewise linear optimal problem, and further transferred into a family of two-point boundary value problems, which can be solved using collocation method. Finally, a corresponding algorithm is developed to obtain the piecewise linear optimal maneuver strategy, which is proved to be able to achieve the soft-landing mission well. Simulation results show that the error of the model linearization is small enough, while the calculation efficiency is remarkably improved, and the robustness of maneuver strategy is also improved.     

Adaptive double chain quantum genetic algorithm for constrained optimization problems

Optimization problems are often highly constrained and evolutionary algorithms(EAs)are effective methods to tackle this kind of problems. To further improve search efficiency and convergence rate of EAs, this paper presents an adaptive double chain quantum genetic algorithm(ADCQGA) for solving constrained optimization problems. ADCQGA makes use of doubleindividuals to represent solutions that are classified as feasible and infeasible solutions. Fitness(or evaluation) functions are defined for both types of solutions. Based on the fitness function, three types of step evolution(SE) are defined and utilized for judging evolutionary individuals. An adaptive rotation is proposed and used to facilitate updating individuals in different solutions.To further improve the search capability and convergence rate, ADCQGA utilizes an adaptive evolution process(AEP), adaptive mutation and replacement techniques. ADCQGA was first tested on a widely used benchmark function to illustrate the relationship between initial parameter values and the convergence rate/search capability. Then the proposed ADCQGA is successfully applied to solve other twelve benchmark functions and five well-known constrained engineering design problems. Multi-aircraft cooperative target allocation problem is a typical constrained optimization problem and requires efficient methods to tackle. Finally, ADCQGA is successfully applied to solving the target allocation problem.     

Validation of numerical prediction of dynamic derivatives: The DLR-F12 and the Transcruiser test cases

The dynamic derivatives are widely used in linear aerodynamic models in order to determine the flying qualities of an aircraft: the ability to predict them reliably, quickly and sufficiently early in the design process is vital in order to avoid late and costly component redesigns. This paper describes experimental and computational research dealing with the determination of dynamic derivatives carried out within the FP6 European project SimSAC. Numerical and experimental results are compared for two aircraft configurations: a generic civil transport aircraft, wing-fuselage-tail configuration called the DLR-F12 and a generic Transonic CRuiser, which is a canard configuration. Static and dynamic wind tunnel tests have been carried out for both configurations and are briefly described within this paper. The data generated for both the DLR-F12 and TCR configurations include force and pressure coefficients obtained during small amplitude pitch, roll and yaw oscillations while the data for the TCR configuration also include large amplitude oscillations, in order to investigate the dynamic effects on nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics. In addition, dynamic derivatives have been determined for both configurations with a large panel of tools, from linear aerodynamic (Vortex Lattice Methods) to CFD. This work confirms that an increase in fidelity level enables the dynamic derivatives to be calculated more accurately. Linear aerodynamics tools are shown to give satisfactory results but are very sensitive to the geometry/mesh input data. Although all the quasi-steady CFD approaches give comparable results (robustness) for steady dynamic derivatives, they do not allow the prediction of unsteady components for the dynamic derivatives (angular derivatives with respect to time): this can be done with either a fully unsteady approach i.e. with a time-marching scheme or with frequency domain solvers, both of which provide comparable results for the DLR-F12 test case. As far as the canard configuration is concerned, strong limitations for the linear aerodynamic tools are observed. A key aspect of this work are the acceleration techniques developed for CFD methods, which allow the computational time to be dramatically reduced while providing comparable results.     

空间自适应光学研究

文章阐述了空间成像光学系统发展状况,揭示了空间自适应光学的重要意义;从误差源、系统一体化建模与仿真、关键技术及地面实验验证系统四方面探讨了空间自适应光学的主要研究内容．并提出了其未来的前沿研究方向。     

歼击机配装主动雷达制导导弹关键技术研究

结合某型飞机的研制 ,总结了歼击机配装主动雷达型导弹需要解决的关键技术 ,论述了解决这些关键技术的一般技术途径和方法。     

DAC器件Sinc函数衰落的补偿方法研究

文章主要介绍了DAC器件在幅频特性上存在的Sinc函数衰落特性，分析了该现象产生的机理。针对性地提出了三种解决办法：采用数字内插技术提高转换速率方法、采用数字滤波器进行预失真处理方法、采用模拟滤波器进行后补偿处理方法。并对其分别进行了详细分析，给出了补偿后的效果。     

Polarization studies of magnetic cataclysmic variables

I discuss methods and results in the use of photo-polarimetry and spectro-polarimetry in the studies of magnetic cataclysmic variables. In particular I show how polarimetry can be used to derive the geometry of the accretion region on the surface of the white dwarf, the accreting geometry of the system as a whole and how polarimetry aides in the interpretation of X-ray/optical photometry and spectroscopy. I finish by describing the high speed spectro-polarimetric capabilities of SALT (Southern African Large Telescope) due for completion in 2005.     

三点法测量直线度和平面度的数学模型

本文通过分析和研究三点法误差分离技术,建立了测量和评定工件直线度、平面度的数学模型。