微喷管内声速点位置及临界压比

为提高微型空间推进器和微型气体涡轮机等微型器件的性能,利用有限体积法求解二维可压缩N-S方程模拟了扩张比为1.7的收缩-扩张微喷管内部的流场结构和温度分布,研究了尺度效应对微喷管内部流场结构的影响,计算中微喷管的喉部宽度为1～200μm.数值结果表明：在扩张比和进出口压力相同的条件下,微喷管出口马赫数随着微喷管尺度的减小而减小.微喷管内首次出现声速点的位置随着喷管尺度的缩小从喷管喉部逐渐移向喷管出口,临界压比值随着喷管尺度的减小而减小.     

立方星电源系统最大功率点跟踪优化控制方法

针对立方星在能量来源严重受限条件下如何提高太阳能利用率的难题,提出一种适用于立方星的集中供电式空间微电源架构(EPS),并设计基于改进粒子群优化算法的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制策略来提升能量转换效率。首先,推导太阳电池阵列的数学模型,并根据太阳电池阵列的工作特性,提出电源系统最大功率点跟踪控制的物理系统实现结构。其次,设计基于改进粒子群优化(PSO)的最大功率点跟踪控制算法,并进行了数学仿真校验。最后,对所设计的电源系统架构进行了硬件实现和试验验证。地面试验结果表明,电源系统的太阳能最大转换效率可达95.5%。该电源系统成功应用于世界首颗12U立方星“翱翔之星”的飞行试验,在轨数据表明电源系统工作状态良好,为微纳卫星电源系统的设计提供了有益参考。     

基于电化学沉积的高深宽比无源MEMS惯性开关的研制

基于电化学沉积技术在金属基底上制作了一种新型的无源MEMS惯性开关。针对高深宽比、细线宽微电铸用光刻胶模具制作过程中,由于SU-8胶膜严重侧蚀导致的胶膜制作困难、质量低下的问题,进行了紫外光刻试验研究。试验研究了不同曝光剂量和后烘时间对SU-8胶光刻效果的影响,优化了光刻工艺参数。采用降低曝光剂量和延长后烘时间相结合的方法解决了高深宽比、细线宽SU-8胶膜制作困难的问题,制作出高质量的微电铸用光刻胶模具。最后,在上述试验结果基础上制作了一种高深宽比、无源MEMS惯性开关。其外形尺寸为3935μm×3935μm×234μm,其中最细线宽12μm,单层最大深宽比达10∶1,多层最大深宽比达20∶1。     

一种抗野值自适应滤波算法及在MEMS-SINS/GPS中应用

针对噪声统计特性不准确以及量测信号中出现的野值对滤波的不利影响,提出一种基于Kalman滤波的抗野值自适应滤波算法。该算法通过对估计误差的实时监测来调整渐消因子或进行抗野值计算,使滤波器在统计特性不准确或存在野值干扰的情况下仍为最优估计。将其应用到MEMS-SINS/GPS组合导航系统中,仿真结果表明该算法能有效降低统计特性不准确及野值给系统造成的不利影响。     

微半球陀螺敏感结构热成型规律研究

针对近年来受到广泛关注的微半球热成型工艺,研究了表面张力、黏性力、惯性力、重力及压差对成型的影响,得出了黏性力在成型过程中起主导作用,表面张力、惯性力及重力对成型的影响可以忽略,压差的变化不影响成型的形状,只影响成型的速度的结论,并通过仿真及实验验证了该结论。     

Trailing-edge scalloping effect on flat-plate membrane wing performance

This investigation studies the effect of trailing-edge scalloping on the lift and drag force coefficients of flat, membrane wings that vibrate at low Reynolds numbers (<61,000). A series of rigid, flat plate frames with moderate aspect ratio and repeating membrane cell structure were studied and compared to a rigid plate and a rigid scalloped plate. Lift and drag measurements were acquired using an external force-balance; flow fluctuation measurements were captured with a hot-wire. Results showed that the size and aspect ratio of the latex cell had a greater impact on lift than scalloping and that scalloping had a greater effect on drag than the cell aspect ratio. Compared to the solid wings, the membrane wings exhibited higher lift and drag coefficients, likely due to both effective cambering and dynamic interaction with the free shear layer. While trailing-edge scalloping decreased both the lift and drag coefficients relative to no scalloping, the greater effect was on drag, thus, increasing aerodynamic efficiency. The maximum lift-to-drag ratio was attained for a 25% scallop with a repeating cell aspect ratio of one. A unique nondimensional scaling of the membrane vibration peak frequency is also presented.     

用于压电料位计的微弱信号检测电路设计

设计了一种用于压电料位计的微弱信号检测电路,从防积分饱和电荷放大、带通滤波、精密检波、两级比较和逻辑控制五个方面介绍了其工程实现。能够实现单极性电源供电处理交流信号,实时监测料位计输出电荷大小,并转换为开关信号输出;具备灵敏度调节功能,可以根据不同物料的阻尼特性,有针对性地设置动作阈值;能够根据用户需要设置输出电平极性,提高了料位计的灵活性和适应性。结合理论计算、仿真分析和试验测试,验证了设计的合理性和正确性。     

隔振平台对姿态控制系统影响分析及参数选择

为实现卫星的高精度高稳定度姿态控制,在控制力矩陀螺群(CMGs)和星体之间加装了隔振平台。首先依据整星动力学简化模型推得了隔振系统传递函数矩阵;然后分析了隔振平台的使用给姿态控制系统带来的影响,并提出了一种既能使CMGs隔振平台满足隔振要求,又能保证姿态控制系统充分稳定性的参数选择方案;最后通过数值仿真的方式验证了所提出的参数选择方案的合理性。     

面向Micro-PNT系统的微陀螺敏感结构参数化有限元仿真研究

针对Micro-PNT系统中多环和微半球陀螺敏感结构在设计阶段三维实体仿真分析存在的模型复杂、网格特征较难匹配结构特征、模型复用性较低等问题,提出一种基于低维单元简化建模,并通过实常数和截面定义等方式对特征结构进行全参数化表征的分析方法。通过对比,在相当的分析精度下,参数化分析中所需的节点数量仅为三维实体仿真的2%和43%,仿真效率提高显著,可加快陀螺设计收敛进程,支撑Micro-PNT技术发展。     

Effective metal mold method for the production of bionic adhesives based on electrochemical modifications

Bionic adhesives with tip-expanded microstructural arrays have attracted considerable interest owing to their high adhesive performance at low preloads. Their mainstream manufacturing method is molding. Due to most molds are made of silicon or silicon-based soft templates, and have poor wear resistant or vulnerability to high temperature, limiting their use in large-scale manufacturing. Nickel is widely used as an embossing mold in the micro/nano-imprint industrial process owing to its good mechanical properties. However, the processing of metal molds for the fabrication of tip-expanded microstructural arrays is extremely challenging. In this study, using electrodeposition techniques, the shape of the micropores is modified to obtain end-controlled pores. The effect of the non-uniformity of the electric field on the microporous morphology in the electrodeposition process is systematically investigated. Furthermore, the mechanism of non-uniformity evolution of the microporous morphology is revealed. The optimized microporous metal array is used as a mold to investigate the cavity evolution laws of the elastic cushions under pre-load during the manufacturing process. As a result, typical bionic adhesives with tip-expansion are obtained. Moreover, corresponding adhesion mechanics are analyzed. The results show that electrochemical modifications have broad application prospects in the fabrication of tip-expanded microstructures, providing a new method for the large-scale fabrication of bionic adhesives based on metal molds.