金属增材制造数据处理与工艺规划研究综述

金属增材制造数据处理与工艺规划是金属增材制造软件系统的核心,涵盖了金属支撑结构设计、模型切片以及路径规划等内容,决定着最终金属零部件的产品性能.从金属增材制造模型前处理出发,较为全面地概述了与之相关的多类型支撑设计和新型支撑优化等数据处理内容,针对金属增材制造数据处理中模型切片这一关键环节,分别从平面切片、自适应切片和...     

多孔金属夹芯结构的抗爆性能研究

多孔金属夹芯结构已被广泛应用于航空航天等领域,研究其抗爆吸能性能具有十分重要的意义。分别对金属空心小球和泡沫铝两种夹芯壳结构在TNT爆炸载荷作用下的抗爆性能进行爆炸实验,并采用AN-SYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件进行数值模拟研究。结果表明:金属空心小球夹芯结构作为抗爆吸能结构是可行的;在结构框架尺寸与质量相同时,内面板厚外面板薄的夹芯结构具有更好的抗变形能力,内面板薄外面板厚的夹芯结构则具有更好的吸能特性;在结构框架尺寸与质量相同时,负梯度夹芯结构、并列型小球夹芯结构、小半径小球夹芯结构具有更好的抵抗爆炸载荷和吸收冲击能量的性能;在结构框架尺寸与质量相同时,金属空心小球夹芯结构的整体强度更高,而泡沫铝夹芯结构能更充分地发挥芯层的缓冲性能。     

红外隐身涂料颜料发射率研究

测试了多种颜料末及其在以酚醛树脂为粘合剂制成涂料的情况下（８￣１４）μｍ波段的平均红外发射率。研究发现，金属颜料的发射率一般较低，着色颜料的发射率一般都比较高，掺锡氧化铟（ＩＴＯ）半导体颜料红外发射率较低。还研究了颜料粉末发射率与将颜料制成涂料后发射率的关系。     

Investigation on surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue property of milling in-situ TiB2/7050Al metal matrix composites

For higher efficiency and precision manufacturing, more and more attentions are focused on the surface roughness and residual stress of machined parts to obtain a good fatigue life. At present, the in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites are widely researched due to its attractive properties such as low density, good wear resistance and improved strength. It is of great significance to investigate the machined surface roughness, residual stress and fatigue life for higher efficiency and precision manufacturing of this new kind material. In this study, the surface roughness including two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness, residual stress and fatigue life of milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites were analyzed. It was found from comparative investigation that the three-dimensional surface roughness would be more appropriate to represent the machined surface profile of milling particle reinforced metal matrix composites. The cutting temperature played a great role on the residual stress. However, the effect of increasing cutting force could slow down the transformation from compressive stress to tensile stress under 270 °C. An exponential relationship between three-dimensional roughness and fatigue life was established and the main fracture mechanism was brittle fracture with observation of obvious shellfish veins, river pattern veins and wave shaped veins in fracture surface.     

Feasibility evaluation of failure models for predicting forming limit of metal foils

Forming limit of metal foil is an important index to evaluate its formability, and is of considerable significance to improve the quality of products. The ductile fracture (DF) behavior in microscale plastic deformation is remarkably affected by the geometry and grain size. To explore the size-dependent forming limit curve (FLC), the Holmberg and Marciniak tests of SUS304 foils with the thicknesses of less than 0.1 mm and diverse grain sizes were performed. In addition, the validity and feasibility of three types of existing failure models including Swift/Hill, Marciniak-Kuczynski (M-K) and DF criteria for predicting the micro-scaled FLCs were discussed. It is found that the Swift/Hill model possesses the worst accuracy with predicting deviation above 50%. Four classical DF criteria including Freudenthal, Ayada, Brozzo and Oh show great difference, and Oh model considering plastic anisotropy presents the best precision. The predicted deviation of M-K model is aggravated with increasing grain size and decreasing foil thickness, which is attributed to the intensified free surface roughening and transformation of fracture mechanism with miniaturization. This research thus provides a deeper understanding and valuable reference for the widespread application of FLC in microforming.     

金属增材制造技术应用于军用飞机维修保障浅析

金属增材制造技术的发展为军用飞机维修保障提供了一条数字化、定制化、高性能、短周期的技术新途径,可提升军用飞机维修保障的技术水平和能力。本文综述了军用飞机维修保障的国内外现状,指出了金属增材制造技术的应用优势,介绍了军用飞机零件的典型损伤形式、不同增材制造工艺的适用性及修复工艺选取方案,分析了所涉及的逆向建模、结构优化、智能机器人等关键技术,详述了目前存在的技术成熟度与可靠性不高、修复原则不明确、标准规范不统一等主要问题及解决措施,指出了增材制造技术在军用飞机维修保障领域未来的发展方向和趋势,并给出了具体的应用建议。     

镁基水反应金属燃料的热分解性能

采用热重-差热分析联用(TG-DTA)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、加压热重(PTG)等热分析方法,研究了镁基水反应金属燃料热分解反应的基本特性及其变化规律。研究发现,燃料热分解过程中先后发生AP分解反应、HTPB分解反应,氩气中不发生Mg的氧化反应;添加催化剂、减小AP粒度、增大氧化剂与粘合剂比例、增大细Mg粉含量等,可以降低燃料中AP的分解温度T,减小表观活化能Ea,增大反应速率常数k;减小AP粒度、增大氧化剂与粘合剂比例可以降低燃料中HTPB的分解温度,减小表观活化能Ea,增大反应速率常数k;随着压强增大,AP与HTPB分解失重速率增大、AP失重百分数增大、燃料热分解凝聚相产物质量百分数减少,压强对AP分解影响较大,对HTPB分解影响较小。     

SiC/Al复合丝的耐蚀性和高温稳定性研究

本研究结果表明,SiC/L_6和SiC/LF_6复合丝在真空中加热至600℃和在空气中400℃暴露144小时,以及在蒸馏水和5%NaCl水溶液中浸泡15天后,其强度保留率大于87%,证明SiC/Al复合丝具有良好的耐蚀性和高温稳定性,用气相层析仪和发射光谱分析了腐蚀气体、溶液和白色沉淀,初步确定其反应机理是电化学腐蚀。与C/Al复合丝相比,SiC/Al腐蚀速度缓慢,纤维—基体界面损伤极小。     

高温度梯度定向凝固装置的研究

本文介绍了自行设计的具有高温度梯度的定向凝固装置,最高温度梯度可达230℃/cm。该装置温度场的理论分析和实验表明,在炉底部增加一个内径很小的加热圈;在冷却器中采用具有高激冷能力的低熔点Ga-In-Sn液态金属为冷却液;都能显著提高温度梯度和增加稳态凝固区的长度。     

铝合金薄板K_c测试新方法的探讨

通过用圆(或椭圆)孔试件测量金属薄板平面应力断裂韧性Kc的方法,与通过用中心穿透裂纹试件Kc的标准方法相比较之后,将Whitney和Nuismer用于复合层压板中的点应力破坏准则,推广到铝合金薄板Kc的测量。 在理论和实验分析的基础上,拟合出与实验结果相一致的经验公式。