高能固体火箭发动机爆炸冲击波毁伤效应研究

采用解析计算法,计算了NEPE高能复合固体推进剂的爆速和爆压。通过对冲击波超压进行计算,确定了超压与距离的关系,并与试验结果进行了对比。通过研究冲击波在空气中的衰减情况,确定出推进剂爆炸后的安全范围。研究结果表明,在无掩蔽的情况下,高能固体火箭发动机爆炸冲击波超压对人员有杀伤作用的距离为82 m,爆炸后人员的安全距离为120 m。     

三维编织细编穿刺炭/炭复合材料拉伸与压缩性能及试件尺寸效应研究

通过对三维编织细编穿刺炭/炭复合材料的Z向和XY向进行的拉伸、压缩宏观实验,观测了不同载荷形式下和不同几何尺寸的试件的破坏模式和断口形貌,得到了材料在拉伸、压缩载荷下不同的破坏机理及材料的力学性能与试件几何尺寸的相关性。研究表明,材料Z向拉伸破坏时为平断口,XY向拉伸破坏时为台阶状断口,压缩载荷作用下Z向和XY向都为与受力方向成45°的剪切型破坏,Z向和XY向的压缩强度随试件的几何尺寸的变化具有相同的变化趋势,但Z向变化趋势较XY向更明显。所获结论为进一步进行该材料的刚度和强度预报以及强度准则的建立奠定了必要的实验基础。     

以静态燃速预示固体发动机燃速

对同一工艺条件下大量的药条燃速、φ127 mm发动机燃速和全尺寸发动机燃速进行了测试和研究,对不同截面尺寸的药条燃速测试结果和精度进行了比较。结果表明,当选择合理的药条截面尺寸时,药条燃速与全尺寸发动机燃速间具有满意的相关性,可对全尺寸发动机燃速进行预示。研究结果可用于固体发动机工程实际。     

用10 MeV质子和钴60 γ射线进行CCD空间辐射效应评估

文章用10MeV质子和钴60γ射线对CCD(Charge Coupled Device)进行了辐照试验,分别计算得到了电离总剂量和位移效应的失效剂量。通过分析比较得出:在空间环境中,相对于电离总剂量效应而言,位移效应对CCD的损伤更为严重。因此,进行CCD辐射效应评估时,不仅要考虑电离总剂量效应,还要考虑位移效应。文章还探讨了评估CCD抗位移损伤能力的方法。     

Positioning error compensation for parallel mechanism with two kinematic calibration methods

Compared with serial mechanisms, the parallel mechanism (PM) theoretically exhibited higher positioning accuracy, dynamic performance, strength-to-weight ratio, and lower manufacturing cost, but they had not been widely used in the practical application. One key issue, positioning accuracy, which directly affected their performance and was greatly influenced by the errors of kinematic structure parameters was analyzed. To effectively enhance the positioning precision of PMs, a novel modeless kinematic calibration method, namely the split calibration, was presented and its compensation effect of the positioning error was comprehensively compared with that of an integrated method on two different types of PMs. A strange phenomenon-correct and incorrect identified results were derived from two different PMs by the same integrated method, respectively-which had not been reported yet was discovered, and the origin of it was revealed utilizing numerical simulations. Finally, respective merits and drawbacks of these two methods obtained in this paper provided underlying insights to guide the practical application of the kinematic calibration for PMs.     

铝合金搅拌摩擦焊表面冷喷涂层的结构与耐蚀性

采用冷喷涂技术在2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头上制备Al涂层,以提高搅拌摩擦焊接头耐蚀性。通过数字显微镜、扫描电镜、电化学工作站对Al涂层的结构及耐蚀性进行表征。结果表明:冷喷Al涂层质量良好,孔隙率仅为0.77%,涂层内部存在等轴晶、细化晶粒以及拉长晶粒,涂层界面以机械咬合为主,涂层/接头区界面质量明显优于涂层/母材区界面;电化学数据显示,涂层腐蚀敏感性较低,自腐蚀电位和腐蚀电流密度均低于热影响区,冷喷涂层降低了搅拌摩擦焊接头的腐蚀敏感性;晶间腐蚀实验表明,腐蚀6 h后,涂层最大腐蚀深度仅为热影响区最大腐蚀深度的50%,证明冷喷涂技术显著改善了搅拌摩擦焊接头的耐腐蚀性。     

强化词块训练 提高英语听说能力

以词块教学理论为依据,分析在听说教学中进行词块训练的可行性。研究词块训练在听说课堂中的具体实施过程,并通过问卷调查和访谈结果,论证了听说课上引入词块理念能提高英语学习者听说能力从而提出词块学习对语言习得的有效性。     

一种推广的靶效应模型及其对剂量-存活率的拟合探讨

辐射生物物理模型对于准确、有效地评估空间辐射引起的生物损伤及风险具有重要意义。目前较为流行的基于地基模拟的“靶效应模型”和“非靶效应模型”，是进一步探索空间辐射生物物理模型的基础。在考虑了辐射的非靶效应和机体复杂的修复过程的基础上，将传统理论中“击中”即“失活”的线性关系进行了推广，提出了基于否定算子的靶效应模型。通过对辐射钝感和敏感的两类细胞辐射实验中剂量与细胞存活率数据进行拟合发现，对于正常皮肤成纤维细胞的存活率数据，经典的靶学说与基于否定算子的改进靶效应模型都有较好的拟合效果；而对于人类胚胎肝细胞的存活率数据，基于否定算子的改进靶效应模型的拟合结果明显优于传统的靶学说模型。拟合结果中的模型参数值在人成纤维细胞和胚胎肝细胞中明显不同，说明了本模型的参数与传能线密度，细胞的种类、以及修复能力等物理和生物因素有关。     

Modified fast Fourier transform in FBMC for satellite communications

In this paper,a Doppler scaling fast Fourier transform (Doppler-FFT) algorithm for filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) is proposed,which can efficiently eliminate the impact of the Doppler scaling in satellite communications.By introducing a Doppler scaling factor into the butterfly structure of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm,the proposed algorithm eliminates the differences between the Doppler shifts of the received subcarriers,and maintains the same order of computational complexity compared to that of the traditional FFT.In the process of using the new method,the Doppler scaling should be estimated by calculating the orbital data in advance.Thus,the inter-symbol interference (ISI) and the inter-carrier interference (ICI) can be completely eliminated,and the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) will not be affected.Simulation results also show that the proposed algorithm can achieve a 0.4 dB performance gain compared to the frequency domain equalization (FDE) algorithm in satellite communications.