FGH96粉末高温合金涡轮盘淬火过程界面换热系数的研究

以试验方法研究了FGH96粉末高温合金涡轮盘在空冷、风冷和油淬等条件下的表面换热行为,进而反算求解得到了界面换热系数,并将其应用到实际盘件热处理过程的数值模拟当中。结果表明,油淬条件下的界面换热系数远大于其他两种冷却方式,其最大值约为空冷换热系数最大值的10倍。现有工艺适合文中涡轮盘的热处理,淬火应力低于材料对应温度的屈服强度。     

湿空气凝结对ONERA M6机翼气动特性影响的数值研究

大气飞行条件下机翼附近的跨声速湿空气流动中空气中含有的水蒸汽可能越过饱和线而发生非平衡凝结。水蒸汽凝结潜热加热气流会改变跨声速流动的特性,从而对机翼气动特性造成显著影响。本文建立了湿空气非平衡凝结流动的数学物理模型,对ONERA M6机翼在跨声速条件下的湿空气非平衡凝结流动进行了分析。结果表明,与干空气流动相比,在攻角为3.06°和空气相对湿度为50%时,ONERA M6机翼表面压力系数有显著变化。造成机翼气动特性显著变化的原因在于:湿空气中水蒸汽凝结放热对跨声速气流加热,导致机翼表面附近的流速、压力与流场结构发生了显著变化。     

舰艇火灾风险管理研究

基于安全学倡导的“人、机、环境、管理”4个基本要素,构建了舰艇火灾风险管理的系统模型,分析了各要素之间的关系及相互作用,并且详细说明了舰艇火灾风险管理的过程。     

Modeling M(3000)F2 based on extreme learning machine

This paper presents an novel extreme learning machine (ELM)-based prediction model for the ionospheric propagation factor M(3000)F2 at Darwin station (12.4°S, 131.5°E; −44.5°dip) in Australia. The proposed ELM model is trained with hourly daily values of M(3000)F2 from the period 1998–2014 except 2001 and 2009. The hourly daily values of 2001 (high solar activity) and 2009 (low solar activity) are used for validating the prediction accuracy. The proposed ELM for modeling M(3000)F2 can achieve faster training process and similar testing accuracy compared with backward propagation neural network (BPNN). In addition, the performance of the ELM is verified by comparing the predicted values of M(3000)F2 with observed values and the international reference ionosphere (IRI −2016) model predicted values. Based on the error differences (the root mean square error (RMSE) and the M(3000)F2 percentage improvement values M(3000)F2_IMP(%)), the result demonstrates the effectiveness of the ELM model compared with the IRI-2016 model at hourly, daily, monthly, and yearly in high (2001) and low (2009) solar activity years. The ELM also shows good agreement with observations compared with the IRI during disturbed magnetic activity.     

Influence of uniaxial tensile pre-strain on forming limit curve by using biaxial tensile test

This paper focused on the effect of pre-strain on forming limit curves (FLC) of 5754-O aluminum alloy sheet through utilizing biaxial tensile approach. Based on Swift model and Yld2000-2d yield criterion, the dimensions of cruciform specimen was optimized through applying finite element method for increasing the strain at specimen center. After that, with the recommended specimen size, the cruciform specimen was tested under various stroke ratios to experimentally characterize the limit strains under different pre-strain levels. Subsequently, the biaxial tensile tests were simulated by Abaqus to obtain the limit strains and validate the material models. It can be observed in both experiments and simulations that the pre-strained uniaxial tension followed by plane tension or equi-biaxial tension can improve the formability of sheet metals. Besides, the strain path change affects the trend of first derivative of strain rate difference between neighboring points with respect to time. An early increase occurred and then fell back to the stable value, the steady evolution continued until to a new increase reaching the critical value. The M–K prediction approach was simulated to verify the influence of pre-strain on FLC. It can be found that the early increase peaks of the major strain incremental ratio rose with the amplitude of pre-strain. Finally, the phenomenon of pseudolocalization caused by the strain path change was explained through evolution of stress state inside the groove.     

基于NURBS方法的机翼气动外形优化

飞行器气动外形优化就是将设计对象的空气动力学性能分析与最优化方法相结合,通过不断改变设计对象的外形,使其气动性能在满足一定约束条件下达到最优.气动外形优化是一个涉及几何参数化、动网格、流场计算和寻优算法的综合应用平台.随着计算流体力学(CFD)的发展以及高性能计算机的使用,气动外形优化在现代飞行器设计中的作用愈加重要....     

基于TMS320VC5402的DSP最小系统设计

TMS320VC5402是由TI公司生产的性价比极高的定点DSP芯片。主要研究了基于TMS320VC5402的最小系统板的软硬件设计。针对电源电路、复位电路、时钟电路、JTAG接口电路、DSP芯片电路提出可行的设计方案。同时,给出了一个点亮LED灯的完整汇编源代码。     

赵振兴院士访谈

2009年4月13日,赵振业院士（上图左）接受了本刊编辑部主任李华文（上图右）的专访。在访谈中,赵院士介绍了应用于WP7、WJ6等发动机压气机叶片和盘的不锈钢GX-8（1Cr12Ni2WMoVnbA）的研制历程,指出该钢的研制融合了西方国家和前苏联合金钢的设计思路,兼具高耐热性和高冲击韧性;介绍了中国第1个航空中温超高强度钢GC-19（38Cr2Mo2VA）的研制历程,指出该钢的应用使得中国制造的飞机后机身构件具有超高强度的设计目标得以实现;介绍了为解决一直困扰中国制造的飞机起落架寿命短的问题而研制的国产300M钢,指出该钢的研制成功使中国飞机起落架用超高强度钢从此走上了双真空高纯熔炼之路,进而使中国飞机起落架从此走上了长寿命、高可靠性之路;最后介绍了中国尚未进行重点研究发展的轴承齿轮钢在国外的研制情况。     

三种不同面容比模拟积水溶液环境中300M钢的腐蚀行为

基于飞机结构材料300M钢在海洋高湿环境中缝隙部位积水导致的腐蚀损伤问题,研究了300M钢在3种不同面容比模拟积水溶液环境中的腐蚀行为,借助Tafel极化曲线和电化学交流阻抗谱实验探讨了影响腐蚀速率的主要原因。在模拟积水环境中,分析了腐蚀失重、失重速率、损伤度以及腐蚀过程中腐蚀溶液溶解氧浓度、pH值与不同面容比（2、5、20 mL/cm²）之间的关系。结果表明：随材料腐蚀时间的延长,腐蚀溶液中的溶解氧浓度降低,pH值上升,而且随面容比的增大,材料的腐蚀失重增加,腐蚀失重速率也增大。Tafel极化曲线和电化学交流阻抗谱结果表明,不同pH值下300M钢耐蚀性的差别导致了不同面容比环境下腐蚀损伤的差异,3种面容比模拟积水环境中腐蚀速率大小为V₂₀>V₅>V₂。     

基于排队论的终端区航班进场时间预测

为了提高终端区航班运行效率,本文将基于排队模型对终端区航班进场时间进行预测,以便尽早发现进场时间过长、进场效率低的航班,从而提前采取应对措施,确保航班正常运转。以天津滨海国际机场为例的研究结果表明,终端区内航班到达规律服从泊松分布,服务时间服从Gamma分布,本文建立的一般服务时间M/G/1排队模型能较好地预测航班进场时间,以15 min为单位的终端区航班进场时间预测的平均绝对误差在1 min左右。本文所建排队模型通过抓住进场交通流的整体流动特征来对进场时间进行预测,降低了现有模型难度,预测结果可以为改善管制工作带来更直接的指导建议。