蒸发液滴空间实验研究的图像反馈控制系统

提出了一种利用图像反馈控制系统测量液滴蒸发速率的方法.该系统主要由图像采集、图像处理、反馈控制三个部分组成.其工作原理是对CCD采集到的液滴图像进行分析,得到液滴的物性参数,利用控制注液器动态注入来维持液滴的大小,由此得到单位时间内的注入量,即液滴蒸发速率.或通过对液滴图像几何尺寸的计算,得到单位时间内液滴的变化量,进而得到液滴的蒸发速率.为了从动态变化的图像中准确找到液滴的轮廓,简单介绍了基于拉普拉斯方程,运用牛顿法和龙格库塔法等数值方法,对图像轮廓进行拟合的算法理论.以拟合得到的液滴轮廓为基础,利用数值积分计算液滴的表面积和体积,从而由体积的变化量确定蒸发速率.介绍了图像反馈控制系统的软件结构和硬件结构.并给出了利用其进行液滴蒸发测量得到的实验结果.该系统是为我国SJ-10返回式卫星上蒸发与流体界面效应空间实验研究项目专门开发的.     

视觉检测中圆形标志的定位方法研究

在使用圆形人工标志的计算机视觉检测中,标志的中心定位准确度直接影响到检测的整体准确度。在利用数学形态学算法提取标志边缘的基础上,采用椭圆拟合法、灰度加权质心法、灰度平方加权质心法对标志中心进行定位,并通过实验比较了三者的定位准确度和稳定性。最后得出,在视觉检测中可采用灰度加权质心法来定位标志的中心。     

Autonomous space target tracking through state estimation techniques via ground-based passive optical telescope

The presence of operational satellites or small-body space debris is a challenge for autonomous ground-based space object observation. Although most space objects exceeding 10?cm in diameter have been cataloged, the position of each space object (based on six orbital parameters) remains important and should be updated periodically, as the Earth’s orbital perturbations cause disturbances. Modern ground-based passive optical telescopes equipped with complementary metal-oxide semiconductors have become widely used in astrometry engineering, being combined with image processing techniques for target signal enhancement. However, the detection and tracking performance of this equipment when employed with image processing techniques primarily depends on the size and brightness of the space target, which appears on the monitor screen under variable background interference conditions. A small and dim target has a highly sensitive tracking error compared to a bright target. Moreover, most image processing techniques for target signal enhancement require large computational power and memory; therefore, automatic tracking of a space target is difficult. The present work investigates autonomous space target detection and tracking to achieve high-sensitivity detection and improved tracking ability for non-Gaussian and dynamic backgrounds with a simple system mechanism and computational efficiency. We develop an improved particle filter (PF) using the ensemble Kalman filter (KF) for track-before-detect (TBD) frameworks, by modifying and optimizing the computational formula for our non-linear measurement function. We call this extended version the “ensemble Kalman PF-TBD (EnKPF-TBD).” Three sequential astronomical image datasets taken by the Asia-Pacific Ground-Based Optical Space Objects Observation System (APOSOS) telescope under different conditions are used to evaluate three proposed TBD baseline frameworks. Given an optimal random sample size, the EnKPF-TBD exhibits superior performance to PF-TBD and threshold-based unscented KF with two-dimensional peak search (2dPS). The EnKPF-TBD scheme achieves satisfactory performance for all variable background interference conditions, especially for a small and dim space target, in terms of tracking accuracy and computational efficiency.     

图像增强算法在航天图像测量中的应用

提出了一种适用于运载火箭图像测量的简单而有效的图像增强算法。经对大量弱光强运载火箭的图像分析,提出了基于像素通道的图像弱光强背景模型,通过全局最优化求解稀疏矩阵将弱光强图像背景从图像中分离,得到合适的可观测图像,为后续图像数据的处理和识别提供了高质量的信息。     

某飞机零批试制加工增重分析

本文根据某飞机生产试制中首批3架飞机空机理论重量和实际重量分别按零件分类和所属专业的统计比较,提出了控制飞机加工增重的重点部件(或专业)和主要零件,对造成加工增重的原因进行了探讨。     

基于稀疏地磁数据的中低纬度磁暴感应地电场的算法研究

强磁暴产生的地磁感应电流是诱发电力系统灾害性事故的关键因素,预防与控制地磁感应电流的必要途径是评估其在系统中的水平.掌握磁暴感应地电场的时空分布是评估所在区域电网地磁感应电流的基础,可为研究与防治电网磁暴灾害提供参考.在中国现有稀疏分布的地磁台观测数据基础上,建立了电离层等效球面元电流系统模型,并将其与复镜像法结合,建立了磁暴感应地电场和地磁场的计算模型.利用磁暴期间实测的地磁台站数据进行了计算,算例结果与平面波理论计算结果的对比证明了算法的正确性与有效性.计算结果可直接应用于电力系统的地磁感应电流计算,为分析电力系统磁暴灾害风险提供参考.     

多分辨率重采样压缩算法硬件系统体系结构研究

主要介绍基于多分辨率重采样算法的图像实时压缩系统体系结构设计。文章首先简要描述多分辨率重采样图像压缩算法 ,然后探讨以硬件系统实现该算法所可能采取的多种不同体系结构。在分析比较各种体系结构特点基础上 ,重点阐述以大规模专用集成电路作为系统核心的体系结构 ;为完成多分辨率重采样图像压缩专用集成电路设计 ,对压缩算法进行了并行化、模块化、层次化处理 ,提出实现多分辨率重采样图像压缩算法的超大规模集成电路结构 ,并且以可编程序门阵列实现。实验结果表明 ,以该结构实现的硬件压缩系统 ,在保证恢复图像质量前提下 ,体积小、质量轻、功耗低、数据处理速度快 ,在原理上 ,满足星载环境对图像压缩系统的质量与处理速度要求     

Development of secondary flow field under rotating condition in a straight channel with square cross-section

The developing secondary flow fields in the entrance section of a rotating straight channel were experimentally investigated using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The effects of streamwise position, Reynolds number and rotation number on the development of the secondary flow fields were revealed. The results show that the absolute values of vorticity flux of the trailing side roll cells increase with increasing radius of the measured plane and rotation number. When the absolute value of vorticity flux exceeds a critical value, the merging of the trailing side roll cells appears. Moreover, when the number of the trailing side vortex pairs is even, the absolute values of vorticity flux of the leading side vortices increase along streamwise direction. Otherwise, the absolute values decrease along the streamwise direction. By the circulation analysis, this phenomenon was found to have relationship with the merging of the trailing side roll cells, and further concluded that the secondary flow field in a rotating channel has to be treated as a whole. At last, the increase of the Reynolds number was found to be able to induce the merging position moves upstream.     

软件化航天测控系统驱动机制的设计与实现

根据航天测控系统中各信号处理单元之间的流水性特征,提出了一种适用于软件化航天测控系统的驱动机制。文中首先介绍了软件化航天测控系统的基本结构,在研究了静态和动态数据流驱动机制的基础上详细论述了此种数据流驱动机制的设计与实现过程。它采用消息控制的方法,按照动态数据流驱动机制,实现各信号处理单元的进程间和每个信号处理单元内部的线程间的数据流驱动。同一般的动态数据流驱动机制相比,此种驱动机制具有灵活性和易于实现的优点。     

焊接温度场热图像的MATLAB软件分析技巧

本文介绍了焊接温度场热图像的ＭＡＴＬＡＢ（矩阵实验室）处理方法,包括图像的输入输出、图像特征参数的提取。采用这一分析方法,大大缩短了分析时间,提高了工作效率。