单涡/贫油驻涡燃烧室的出口温度分布试验研究

本文采用实验方法对单涡贫油驻涡燃烧室的出口温度分布的影响因素进行了研究,通过分析实验数据得到了如下结论：（1）凹腔气量对出口温度分布影响较大。随着凹腔气量的增加,出口温度分布系数先增加后减小,这与掺混射流的穿透深度有关。（2）燃油掺混温度对出口温度分布的影响也较大。掺混温度小于423K时出口温度分布系数偏高,且随着温度升高略有增加。温度高于423K时出口温度分布系数开始减小。（3）燃油供油量对出口温度分布也有重要影响。当燃油量增加时,出口温度分布系数随之增加。     

运用区域法模型计算燃烧室内一维辐射换热

采用一种机理严密,精度高的区域法辐射换热模型用于燃烧室壁温计算.采用Lefebvre模型和区域法模型计算了一个圆筒型不冷却火焰筒结构的换热;对比分析了两种方法计算的壁面辐射热流密度和壁面温度分布情况.结果表明,使用Lefebvre模型计算时,由于将燃气按一维划分为定向辐射,在燃烧室前后壁面辐射热流密度较小,存在一定不足;而使用区域法模型计算时,辐射热流密度分布更趋合理.      

单涡/贫油驻涡燃烧室的出口温度分布试验

采用试验方法对单涡贫油驻涡燃烧室的出口温度分布的影响因素进行了研究,通过分析试验数据得到如下结论:①凹腔气量对出口温度分布影响较大.随着凹腔气量的增加,出口温度分布系数(OTDF)先增加后减小,与掺混射流的穿透深度有关.②燃油掺混温度对出口温度分布的影响也较大.当燃油掺混温度较小时,出口温度分布系数较低.随着燃油掺混温度增加,出口温度分布系数随之先增加后减小.③燃油供油量对出口温度分布也有重要影响.当燃油量增加时,出口温度分布系数随之先增加后减小.      

工质温度对二次喷射推力矢量性能的影响

为了研究二次流温度对推力矢量的影响规律,本文基于二次喷射的基本原理,利用计算流体力学(CFD)软件,对不同温度的二次流进行了模拟仿真分析。结果表明,在相同喷射压强和喷射流量下,二次流温度越高,在扩张段影响的范围就越大,但产生的侧向力和温度并不是简单的正变关系。在此分析的基础上,提出了一种合理利用二次流温度的工程方案。
     

Ti-6Al-4V钛合金激光弯曲成形微观组织研究

以1mm厚Ti-6Al-4V合金薄板为对象,运用光学金相显微镜、电子探针、扫描电子显微镜、氮氢氧联合分析仪、显微维氏硬度计,研究了特定累积线能量下90°弯曲角弯折区显微组织。结果表明,弯折区组织与累积线能量输入有关,当累积线能量在适当范围时,材料堆积增厚,极表层出现轻微复熔铸态组织,上层为板条马氏体α′,中层为针状马氏体α′,底层为长大粗化的(α+β)组织;距表层约0.2mm范围吸收间隙元素强烈致使硬度急剧提高并呈明显梯度;累积线能量输入过大,弯折区出现大面积复熔铸态组织并伴有裂纹产生。     

星用490 N发动机喷注器局部燃气泄漏试验

根据近期某卫星在轨故障模式,为了研究测压管嘴燃气泄漏对液体火箭发动机工作性能和温度特性的影响,以该卫星用第二代490 N发动机为试验对象,开展了测压管嘴在0.1、0.3、0.5 mm直径泄漏孔下的高空模拟热试车考核,对发动机真空推力、比冲和关键部位温度进行了测量。试验结果表明：试验条件下测压管嘴燃气泄漏对发动机工作稳定性没有影响;0.1 mm泄漏孔对发动机工作性能和各测点温度没有影响。随着泄漏孔直径增大至0.3 mm和0.5 mm,测压管嘴堵头烧蚀程度加深,发动机真空推力和比冲均值下降幅度分别仅为0.4%和1.4%,表明试验条件下测压管嘴泄漏对发动机工作性能的影响较小。燃烧室喉部温度试验结果不受泄漏的影响,喷注器测压管嘴及其附近、模拟卫星支架测点温度上升明显,氧化剂控制阀温度上升较小,远离测压管嘴的测点温度几乎不受高温燃气泄漏的影响。     

基于统计学方法的卫星在轨热变形快速分析

为使用在轨实测温度数据辅助完成成像载荷视轴指向的在轨标定,首次将应用于地统计学中的普通克里格法用于卫星在轨温度场的无偏估计,提出了一种基于统计学方法的在轨热变形快速分析方法。应用热试验过程中星上少量温度实测数据进行卫星温度场的无偏估计,并将温度计算结果赋值到有限元模型,进而完成了热变形分析。应用此种方法,相比通过热物理方法进行温度场分析,可将热变形分析的工期缩短数日,且载荷变形的分析结果与试验实测结果的误差在1′左右,可较准确地得到载荷视轴在热变形作用下的指向变化。文章可为卫星在轨热变形的快速分析提供参考。     

LD30铝合金与304不锈钢低温钎焊润湿性研究

采用LD30铝合金与304不锈钢低温钎焊工艺进行润湿性研究。通过润湿性研究对比,选用了60Sn-40Pb、Sn-3.5Ag和35Sn-40Pb-25Bi3种 适用于LD30铝合金和304不锈钢的低熔点钎料,并针对每种钎料选取与之相匹配的钎剂。分析了接头的微观组织、化合物相成分和X射线探伤。结果表明:60Sn-40Pb 和35Sn-40Pb-25Bi与H₃PO₄组合在304不锈钢上润湿性很好;不锈钢与镀镍层铝合金钎焊试验时,60Sn-40Pb和35Sn-40Pb-25Bi与50% H₃PO₄+50%乙二醇组合润湿性很好;Sn-3.5Ag 钎料润湿性相对较差。      

Investigation of longitudinal aerodynamic parameters identification method for fly-by-wire passenger airliners

The flight control system of a fly-by-wire （FBW） passenger airliner with a complex frame-work and high feedback gain augmentation would change the original characteristic of a loaded signal and suppress the excitation of an airplane＇s pertinent motion modes. Taking a research example of an FBW passenger airliner model with longitudinal relaxed-static-stability, a new method of signal type selection and signal parameter design is proposed, through analysis of signal energy distribution and plane body＇s frequency response. According to CCAR60--the Appraisal and Use Regulation of Flight Simulator Device, the simulation validation of the FBW passenger airliner＇s longitudinal aerodynamic parameters identification is put forward. The validation result indicates that the designed signal could excite the longitudinal motion mode of the FBW passenger airliner adequately and the multiparameter comparison in simulation meets the objective test request of CCAR60. Meanwhile, the relative errors of aerodynamic parameters are less than 10%.     

Demonstration of a high sensitivity GNSS software receiver for indoor positioning

Advances in signal processing techniques contributed to the significant improvements of GNSS receiver performance in dense multipath environments and created the opportunities for a new category of high-sensitivity GNSS (HS-GNSS) receivers that can provide GNSS location services in indoor environments. The difficulties in improving the availability, reliability, and accuracy of these indoor capable GNSS receivers exceed those of the receivers designed for the most hostile urban canyon environments. The authors of this paper identified the vector tracking schemes, signal propagation statistics, and parallel processing techniques that are critical to a robust HS-GNSS receiver for indoor environments and successfully incorporated them into a fully functional high-sensitivity software receiver. A flexible vector-based receiver architecture is introduced to combine these key indoor signal processing technologies into GSNRx-hs™ – the high sensitivity software navigation receiver developed at the University of Calgary. The resulting receiver can perform multi-mode vector tracking in indoor environment at various levels of location and timing uncertainties. In addition to the obvious improvements in time-to-first-fix (TTFF) and signal sensitivity, the field test results in indoor environments surrounded by wood, glass, and concrete showed that the new techniques effectively improved the performance of indoor GNSS positioning. With fine GNSS timing, the proposed receiver can consistently deliver indoor navigation solution with the horizontal accuracy of 2–15 m depending on the satellite geometry and the indoor environments. If only the coarse GNSS timing is available, the horizontal accuracy of the indoor navigation solution from the proposed receiver is around 30 m depending on the coarse timing accuracy, the satellite geometry, and the indoor environments. From the preliminary field test results, it has been observed that the signal processing sensitivity is the dominant factor on the availability of the indoor navigation solution, while the GNSS timing accuracy is the dominant factor on the accuracy of the indoor navigation solution.