基于遥测数据的卫星在轨飞行温度仿真算法研究

研究一种基于遥测数据的卫星在轨飞行温度仿真计算方法,以卫星热控边界温度遥测参数作为仿真计算模型基准温度参数,挖掘星上设备温度与安装边界（热控边界）温度之间的数值定量关系,形成卫星温度关系数值矩阵。通过基准温度遥测数据与卫星温度关系数值矩阵之间数值运算,实现卫星在轨飞行温度仿真预计,计算误差小于2.5℃。     

Aerial-BiSeNet: A real-time semantic segmentation network for high resolution aerial imagery

The aircraft system has recently gained its reputation as a reliable and efficient tool for sensing and parsing aerial scenes. However, accurate and fast semantic segmentation of high-resolution aerial images for remote sensing applications is still facing three challenges: the requirements for limited processing resources and low-latency operations based on aerial platforms, the balance between high accuracy and real-time efficiency for model performance, and the confusing objects with large intra-class variations and small inter-class differences in high-resolution aerial images. To address these issues, a lightweight and dual-path deep convolutional architecture, namely Aerial Bilateral Segmentation Network (Aerial-BiSeNet), is proposed to perform real-time segmentation on high-resolution aerial images with favorable accuracy. Specifically, inspired by the receptive field concept in human visual systems, Receptive Field Module (RFM) is proposed to encode rich multi-scale contextual information. Based on channel attention mechanism, two novel modules, called Feature Attention Module (FAM) and Channel Attention based Feature Fusion Module (CAFFM) respectively, are proposed to refine and combine features effectively to boost the model performance. Aerial-BiSeNet is evaluated on the Potsdam and Vaihingen datasets, where leading performance is reported compared with other state-of-the-art models, in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.     

Effect of Semi-solid Isothermal Heat Treatment on Microstructure of VW63Z Alloy

The effects of isothermal heat treatment on the semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z (Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.4Zr, wt.%) alloy are studied. It shows that the microstructure of VW63Z alloy could transform from equiaxed crystal to semi-solid spherical crystal after isothermal heat treatment above 620 ºC. With the heating temperature elevating from 620 ºC to 635 ºC and the holding time prolonging from 10 min to 35 min, the liquid fraction increases gradually. The semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z alloy can be divided into three stages, i.e., particle coarsening and spheroidization;particle necking, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening;and dynamic equilibrium. The semi-solid process window of VW63Z alloy ranges from 620 ºC to 635 ºC, where the best process parameters are holding at 635 ºC for 20 min?30 min. The solid fraction, the average particle size, and the shape factor are 41.1%?53.8%, 81.5 μm?83.2 μm, and 0.70?0.75, respectively. The maximum relative deviations of the solid fraction, the particle size, and the shape factor at different heights of the same billet are 44.6%, 17.4%, and 16.6%, respectively, which means that it should pay attention to the uniformity of edge and core of VW63Z alloy during isothermal heat treatment. The driving force of microstructure is supposed to be the reduction of solid-liquid interface free energy.     

无通风直升机动力舱火灾温度场数值模拟

采用大涡模拟(LES)技术,针对某型直升机动力舱建立了火灾模型,选择油池火灾作为研究对象,并对火灾场景进行了设计.利用数值模拟的方法研究了不同位置火源动力舱的火灾场,分析了火源位置对火灾热释放速率、速度场和温度场的影响.结果表明:无通风条件下,火源位置的改变影响动力舱火灾的蔓延,并且当火源位于动力舱底部距前防火墙1/4处时,火灾强度较大,对舱内部件的破坏较为严重.因此,在防火设计中应重点对该部位火灾区域进行防范.研究结果可为动力舱灭火系统设计提供参考.      

冷气预旋系统温降与流阻特性的试验

简化发动机冷气预旋系统,对特定结构的两种冷气进口预旋角度的转静盘腔系统,开展冷气温降和流阻特性的试验研究.建立预旋系统旋转试验台,在旋转部件表面采用微型压力传感器测量压力,经过标定校正后获得预旋系统的出口总压.获得了旋转雷诺数、无量纲质量流量对预旋系统温降和流阻特性的影响规律.研究结果表明:对两种角度的预旋喷嘴,无量纲温降随无量纲质量流量的增大先增大后减小,随旋转雷诺数的增大而减小;无量纲压降随无量纲质量流量的增大而增大,随旋转雷诺数的增大而减小.      

某型航空发动机喷管红外辐射特征数值模拟和试验研究

基于N-S方程建立了某型发动机喷管及其喷流流场的数值计算模型,利用辐射传输方程(RTE)积分法编制了红外辐射特征计算程序,得到了此喷管在非加力状态下工作时的红外辐射特征分布,同时利用模型试验测量得到该喷管的红外辐射特征分布。给出了在3.0～5.0μm光谱范围内的红外辐射特征数值模拟结果和试验测量结果,经比较表明:数值模拟结果和试验测量结果吻合良好。     

航空发动机性能参数联合RBFPN和FAR预测

排气温度是最能反映航空发动机运行状态的性能参数之一.对连续飞行班次的起飞排气温度裕度(EGTM,Exhaust Gas Temperature Margin)参数进行预测分析,有助于判知航空发动机将来的工作性能,为预防和排除故障提供充分的时间和决策依据.在依据具有非线性、非平稳特征的起飞EGTM历史监测值序列构建预测模型时,基于奇异值分解滤波算法提出了一种联合径向基函数预测网络(RBFPN,Radial Basis Function Prediction Networks)和函数系数自回归模型(FAR,Functional-coefficient Auto Regressive model)的预测方案,充分发挥RBFPN和FAR在预测EGTM参数值变动趋势成分和随机成分的各自优势,使其互为补充,协同处理.实验结果表明该联合预测方案能够有效抑制RBFPN或FAR单独采用时所呈现出的不足,提高预测性能.     

Ti对Nb基合金高温抗氧化性能的影响

氧化物的体积与形成该氧化物消耗的金属的体积之比(PBR,Pilliing-Bed-worth Ratio),是判断氧化膜完整性的一个重要判据,是氧化膜内产生生长应力的主要因素之一.基于合金氧化行为建立了一个简化的氧化模型,给出计算合金单一氧化膜PBR的计算式,估算了Nb2O5,Ti2Nb10O29,TiNb2O7,TiO2的PBR.研究表明:在Nb基合金中加入合金化元素Ti,合金的高温抗氧化性能得到改善.实验表明:随着Ti含量的增加,合金氧化膜中氧化产物的种类和含量发生变化,致使氧化膜的PBR发生改变.随着Ti含量的增加,氧化膜的PBR值逐渐减小,致使氧化膜的完整性提高.     

模拟地热水温度对镀锌钢管腐蚀与结垢的影响

针对地热水环境中金属管道常见的腐蚀与结垢问题,采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪等研究了不同温度的模拟地热水中镀锌钢管的腐蚀与结垢行为.结果表明:实验前期镀锌钢管的表面出现两种形貌("球"状和"针"状),不同温度的地热水中腐蚀与结垢产物的晶体形状不同,产物成分主要为Zn(OH)2,ZnO,CaCO3和MgCO3;镀锌钢管表面产物的分布对镀锌钢管在模拟地热水中的进一步腐蚀有一定程度的抑制;50℃地热水中的镀锌钢管表面的腐蚀坑面积较小,而在65℃和80℃地热水中腐蚀坑面积较大,镀锌钢管的腐蚀与结垢速度随地热水温度的升高而增大.     

民用航空发动机单元体送修工作范围决策

为了对航空发动机单元体送修工作范围的制定提供决策支持,实现决策的自动化和智能化,在分析航空发动机送修目标的基础上,提出了一种面向目标的单元体送修工作范围决策方法,从时寿件、适航指令/服务通告、硬件损伤、软时限、排气温度裕度五个方面分两步进行单元体送修工作范围的制定.针对决策过程中单元体性能恢复分配存在的难点,建立了以成本最小为目标的优化模型,分别采用动态规划和启发式算法对模型进行了求解,通过对求解结果的比较,给出了两种算法的适用环境.最后将提出的决策方法应用于一个原型系统,在某个航空公司的试用表明了提出的决策方法是有效的,能够满足航空公司的需求.