飞行弹丸红外特性的地面模拟试验

设计并建立了用于飞行弹丸中段飞行状态实验室模拟的试验系统,测量获得了飞行弹丸的红外辐射特性.基于传热与辐射理论,分析了相关参数对实验结果的影响,获得飞行弹丸在一定飞行状态下的辐射特性变化规律.目标的初始温度和辐照条件是影响目标辐射特性的主要因素,自旋状态影响辐射特性的空间分布.试验测量与数值仿真和理论分析结果均具有很好的一致性,证明在实验室开展飞行弹丸的红外辐射特性模拟试验具有可行性.     

温度场中柔性臂超谐共振及复杂运动分析

通过Garlerkin方法建立了考虑阻尼、材料非线性、温度变化和轴向激励的柔性臂系统动力学微分方程.分析了系统存在同、异宿轨道及周期轨道的充分必要条件,通过Hamilton函数得到了对应的参数方程表达式.根据非线性振动的多尺度法,得到了系统在3次超谐共振情况下的一次近似解及其定常解,揭示了系统内各参数之间的关系.对得到的微分方程进行数值计算,分析柔性臂系统参数对纵向振动响应曲线的影响.结果表明,材料非线性和温度变化对系统纵向振动的影响不可忽略;在一定参数条件下,系统有发生复杂非线性运动的可能.为了有效的控制柔性臂的振动,应合理选取系统的物理参数,避免其处于混沌运动状态.     

频率选择表面传输特性的温度循环效应

根据国家军用标准GJB 150-86对不同涂层材料和加工工艺的频率选择表面(FSS,Frequency Selective Surfaces)进行了温度循环的环境模拟试验,通过比较温度循环前后FSS的谐振频率、传输损耗、频带宽度和入射角稳定性等传输特性的差异,考察FSS在温度循环条件下的性能稳定性.结果表明,温度循环对不同材料和工艺的FSS的传输性能有较大影响,主要表现在FSS的传输损耗和频带宽度两方面.不同FSS在经过温度循环后,谐振频率下的传输损耗增大0.5~3倍,入射角越大增大的幅度越大;频带宽度增加50%~70%,不同的FSS增加的幅度不同.而对谐振频率和入射角稳定性的影响根据不同的FSS而不同,但对二者的影响都不明显.与简单振子FSS相比,组合振子FSS的传输性能受温度循环的影响较大.      

海洋环境下服役飞机铝合金零件腐蚀失效分析

对出口旅游观光用飞机的铝合金零件在热带海洋气候环境服役条件下所发生的腐蚀问题进行了分析探讨.通过铝合金零件发生腐蚀的微观形貌和腐蚀产物成分等的分析,结合飞机所处环境条件,讨论了铝合金零件的腐蚀类型和发生剥蚀的过程及原因,并分析了其发生剥蚀的机理.认为海洋环境中的氯离子是造成沿海飞机铝合金零件腐蚀的外因,而内因是飞机零件的表面防腐蚀设计与防护不足,腐蚀的发展过程是铝合金零件表面点腐蚀、晶间腐蚀直至剥蚀,腐蚀产物造成的应力是促进分层剥离的原因.针对这种表面腐蚀防护问题,提出了相应的改进措施.      

基于GNSS的高轨卫星定位技术研究

利用全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)进行导航定位具有全球、全天候、实时和高精度的优点,应用于高地球轨道(HEO)卫星的定位,能够提供精确的轨道和姿态确定,并且可以克服目前主要利用地面测控系统对HEO卫星进行定位的设备复杂、投资高等缺点,使得自主导航成为可能.本文对利用GNSS的高轨卫星定位相关技术进行了研究,分析了单一GNSS系统和多个GNSS组合系统的卫星可见性、动态性和几何精度因子(GDOP).通过仿真分析表明,利用组合GNSS系统并通过提高GNSS接收机灵敏度的方法,可以解决GNSS进行HEO卫星定位的相关问题,并能保证HEO卫星定位精度的要求.      

Precipitation behavior and properties of extruded 7136 aluminum alloy under different aging treatments

In this work, the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the extruded 7136 aluminum alloy treated by single-stage aging treatment (T6), retrogression and re-aging treatment (RRA), and multiple retrogression and re-aging treatment have been investigated by means of hardness measurements, electrical conductivity tests and tensile tests. The results have shown that the properties of the 7136 alloy such as hardness, tensile strength and electrical conductivity were sensitive to retrogression time (within 90 min). With prolonging the retrogression time, the tensile strength was enhanced first and then decreased, yet the electrical conductivity was continuously increased. The 60 min-treated alloy performed the highest tensile strength (716 MPa), whereas the 90 min-treated alloy possessed the highest electrical conductivity (33.95%IACS). Compared with the T6-treated alloy, the tensile strength and electrical conductivity were improved by 3.3% and 18.9%, respectively. The electrical conductivity showed an obvious increase with repetitious times of the RRA treatment. After 3RRA60 treatment, a good combination of tensile strength (705 MPa) and electrical conductivity (33.20%IACS) can be obtained. Compared with the T6 condition, the tensile strength and electrical conductivity were improved by 1.7% and 16.3%, respectively. The mechanism of microstructure evolution under different aging treatments has been discussed in detail.     

高压高速电机通风与散热分析

针对YKS规格的高压高速电机单机容量高、局部温升大等特点,以1台YKS5602 3 000 kW规格的高压高速电机为例,依据电机实际尺寸,建立了电机端部绕组及定转子模型。采用有限元法对流体场与温度场进行了仿真,计算出电机运行时各个通风槽内冷却气体流动情况,并对电机整体进行流固耦合分析,得到高压电机端部绕组及定转子温度场分布。对仿真计算结果分析,并与样机试验数据比较,结果表明:流体场和温度场耦合的方法能够准确地了解YKS电机各个通风槽内的气体流动情况及电机内局部温升分布。     

高精度盘式永磁电机温度分析与研究

以高精度无槽盘式永磁电机为研究对象,建立了电机三维电磁仿真模型。详细分析了该电机反电动势和转矩特性,避免由高次谐波引起的定、转子及永磁体涡流损耗,有效改善了电机的热性能,为进一步研究打下基础。建立了三维温度场仿真模型,分析了热源分布和传热过程,计算了电机在自然散热条件下温度的稳态分布。最后通过电机温升试验,验证了理论分析的正确性与合理性。     

HB-2 high-velocity correlation model at high angles of attack in supersonic wind tunnel tests

Responding to a need for experimental data on a standard wind tunnel model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, and in the absence of suitable reference data, a series of tests of two HB-2 standard models of different sizes was performed in the T-38 trisonic wind tunnel of Vojnotehnickˇi Institut(VTI), in the Mach number range 1.5–4.0, at angles of attack up to+30°. Tests were performed at relatively high Reynolds numbers of 2.2 millions to 4.5 millions(based on model forebody diameter). Results were compared with available low angle of attack data from other facilities, and, as a good agreement was found, it was assumed that, by implication, the obtained high angle of attack results were valid as well. Therefore, the results can be used as a reference database for the HB-2 model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, which was not available before. The results are presented in comparison with available reference data, but also contain data for some Mach numbers not given in other publications.     

纤维方向对CFRP钻削温度场分布和孔壁质量的影响

为研究CFRP不同纤维方向对其钻孔温度场分布和孔壁质量的影响,对不同纤维方向角处切削形式进行理论分析和ABAQUS仿真分析,并结合CFRP单向板、正交板和准各向同性板的钻削温度分布测试试验与钻削温度场仿真分析。结果表明,碳纤维方向对钻削温度场的分布规律影响很大;通过电子显微镜和共聚焦显微镜对不同纤维方向角处孔壁质量观测对比,发现纤维方向角在θ=0°、θ=45°和θ=90°处孔壁质量较好,在θ=135°处孔壁质量较差。