Solar extreme events on the data of Alma-Ata neutron monitor: Identification of ground level enhancements

Ground level enhancements of cosmic ray intensity registered by means of neutron monitors at middle latitudes were studied by using Student’s criterion. Three of these events on 6 November 1997, 24 August 1998, and 13 December 2006 were analyzed in detail. It is shown that the use of Student’s criterion allows revealing effectively the ground level enhancements at middle latitudes.     

航空维修差错原因分析和预防措施

目的给出航空维修差错预防的依据;方法以墨菲定律为理论基础;结果经过多方面分析航空维修差错的原因,并给出预防措施;结论航空维修差错发生具有必然性,但是有其规律可循。     

微束等离子焊接

简要介绍了微束等离子焊接的工艺设备。通过对乌克兰巴顿焊接研究所几个实例的介绍，较全面地阐述了微束等离子焊接工艺方案、焊接设备的各项技术要求和特性。与氩弧焊、激光焊进行了比较，认为微束等离子焊接具有电弧收缩、能量集中、适用于薄壁件焊接的特点，在我国具有广阔的应用前景。     

二十世纪三四十年代的女性出走——张爱玲小说《倾城之恋》和苏青小说《结婚十年》比较研究

小说《倾城之恋》中白流苏和《结婚十年》中苏怀青都是时代浪潮中离家出走的女性形象。从白流苏与苏怀青所处的社会背景、思想觉醒程度、人物命运等方面剖析其出走的原因以及出走过程中遭遇的困境和精神成长,研究20世纪30年代女性主体意识的觉醒和中国女性解放的艰难进程。     

格尼襟翼在冰风洞混合翼设计中的应用

提出面向工程、面向适航的混合翼设计准则,基于此准则提出将格尼襟翼应用于民机机翼结冰风洞试验的单段混合翼设计中。设计准则中只对驻点位置和前缘吸力峰值提出保守性要求,易于工程实现,满足结冰适航要求。对于偏离设计点较大的状态,在单段混合翼后缘添加格尼襟翼并配合迎角调整,使得单段混合翼在此状态点处仍满足设计准则。这样使得单段混合翼也能应用于试验状态比较广的结冰风洞试验中。格尼襟翼的使用,降低了混合翼设计、试验费用,为民机结冰试航取证节约了时间。     

Analysis and control of inter-electrode gap during leveling process in counter-rotating electrochemical machining

The inter-electrode gap (IEG) is an essential parameter for the anode shaping process in electrochemical machining (ECM) and directly affects the machining accuracy. In this paper, the IEG during the leveling process of an oval anode workpiece in counter-rotating ECM (CRECM) is investigated. The variation of the minimum IEG is analyzed theoretically, and the results indicate that rather than reaching equilibrium, the minimum IEG in CRECM expands constantly when a constant feed speed is used for the cathode tool. This IEG expansion leads to a poor localization effect and has an adverse influence on the roundness of the machined workpiece. To maintain a small constant IEG in CRECM, a variable feed speed is used for the cathode based on a fitted equation. The theoretical results show that the minimum IEG can be controlled at a small value by using an accelerated feed speed. Experiments have been conducted using a specific experimental apparatus in which the cathode tool is designed as a combined structure of two sectors and a thin sheet. By detecting the machining currents flowing through the minimum IEG, how the latter varies is obtained indirectly. The results indicate that using an accelerated feed speed is effective for controlling the IEG, thereby improving the roundness of the machined workpiece.     

基于无功相对偏差的无刷励磁发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障诊断新判据

为了寻找到在线识别无刷励磁同步发电机转子匝间短路故障的新方法,通过对同步发电机发生转子绕组匝间短路后电磁特性和电气参量的变化进行分析,根据故障发生后励磁电流增加而无功输出量却相对减少的特征,提出了利用计算和测量故障前后发电机输出无功相对变化率,作为识别无刷励磁同步发电机转子匝间短路故障严重程度的一个较为实用的方法。利用发电机动态模拟试验机组,进行了相关的试验验证。     

镍基单晶合金弹塑性本构模型

Hill模型用于面心立方单晶的弹塑性变形,在描述屈服特性的晶向相关性时精度不高。考虑正交各向异性材料在偏轴受载时存在拉、剪应力耦合效应的影响,通过增加一项由应力偏张量分量的二次项乘积构成的应力不变量,对Hill屈服模型进行修正,并根据单晶合金的屈服特点提出了新的单晶合金屈服准则。用该屈服准则对DD3单晶合金的屈服应力进行预测,760℃时能很好地符合试验结果;与Hill屈服准则比较,预测精度显著提高。在此基础上,重新定义了适合新屈服准则的等效应力,并由联合流动法则,以屈服函数作为塑性势函数,采用等向硬化模型,建立了单晶合金的弹塑性本构模型,推导出相应的弹塑性矩阵。对于各向同性材料,新屈服准及其等效应力则退化为VonMises屈服准则和其相应的等效应力。      

Exploring The Saturn System In The Thermal Infrared: The Composite Infrared Spectrometer

The Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) is a remote-sensing Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) on the Cassini orbiter that measures thermal radiation over two decades in wavenumber, from 10 to 1400 cm^{− 1} (1 mm to 7μ m), with a spectral resolution that can be set from 0.5 to 15.5 cm^{− 1}. The far infrared portion of the spectrum (10–600 cm^{− 1}) is measured with a polarizing interferometer having thermopile detectors with a common 4-mrad field of view (FOV). The middle infrared portion is measured with a traditional Michelson interferometer having two focal planes (600–1100 cm^{− 1}, 1100–1400 cm^{− 1}). Each focal plane is composed of a 1× 10 array of HgCdTe detectors, each detector having a 0.3-mrad FOV. CIRS observations will provide three-dimensional maps of temperature, gas composition, and aerosols/condensates of the atmospheres of Titan and Saturn with good vertical and horizontal resolution, from deep in their tropospheres to high in their mesospheres. CIRS’s ability to observe atmospheres in the limb-viewing mode (in addition to nadir) offers the opportunity to provide accurate and highly resolved vertical profiles of these atmospheric variables. The ability to observe with high-spectral resolution should facilitate the identification of new constituents. CIRS will also map the thermal and compositional properties of the surfaces of Saturn’s icy satellites. It will similarly map Saturn’s rings, characterizing their dynamical and spatial structure and constraining theories of their formation and evolution. The combination of broad spectral range, programmable spectral resolution, the small detector fields of view, and an orbiting spacecraft platform will allow CIRS to observe the Saturnian system in the thermal infrared at a level of detail not previously achieved.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

涡方法分析并列圆柱的旋涡脱落现象

利用快速离散涡方法及流场可视化技术分析二维粘性不可压缩均匀流中并列圆柱体的旋涡脱落现象，识别作用在圆柱上的气动力及旋涡脱落频率。使用边界元方法及引入一个新颖的涡量边界条件计算表面涡量，利用系数影响矩阵技术获得无网格方法，采用自适应快速多极子算法快速计算涡元速度。数值算例再现了不同间距并列圆柱体的同步同相旋涡脱落、同步反相旋涡脱落、尾流的不对称性及间隙流的半稳定性等现象，数值结果与早期实验结果吻合得很好。