Orbit determination by genetic algorithm and application to GEO observation

This paper demonstrates an initial orbit determination method that solves the problem by a genetic algorithm using two well-known solutions for the Lambert’s problem: universal variable method and Battin method. This paper also suggests an intuitive error evaluation method in terms of rotational angle and orbit shape by separating orbit elements into two groups. As reference orbit, mean orbit elements (original two-lines elements) and osculating orbit elements considering the J2 effect are adopted and compared. Our proposed orbit determination method has been tested with actual optical observations of a geosynchronous spacecraft. It should be noted that this demonstration of the orbit determination is limited to one test case. This observation was conducted during approximately 70 min on 2013/05/15 UT. Our method was compared with the orbit elements propagated by SGP4 using the TLE of the spacecraft. The result indicates that our proposed method had a slightly better performance on estimating orbit shape than Gauss’s methods and Escobal’s method by 120 km. In addition, the result of the rotational angle is closer to the osculating orbit elements than the mean orbit elements by 0.02°, which supports that the estimated orbit is valid.     

基于层次分析法的数字化校园评价指标权重确定

数字化校园评价体系中,评价指标及其指标权重是关键因素。研究用层次分析法确定数字化校园评价指标权重,并用实例进行计算,探索了一种确定数字化校园评价指标权重的科学途径。     

浮升力对竖直上升圆管内超临界航空煤油换热的影响及评价准则

为深入理解航空发动机再生冷却热防护中的换热机理,对竖直上升圆管内超临界压力RP-3航空煤油的传热恶化开展了实验研究。探究了两类传热恶化的换热特征和形成机理,考察了热流密度、质量流量和进口压力对传热恶化的影响机制。获得了两类传热恶化的起始条件判别准则。以Nu/Nu0=0.75作为依据,建立了浮升力影响评价准则。通过格拉晓夫数修正实现了换热关联式预测。结果表明：两类传热恶化出现在不同条件下,低温区传热恶化源于边界层转捩和浮升力的综合作用,当进口雷诺数高于5730时其不再出现;高温区传热恶化的临界热流密度可以表述为质量流量的函数关系。当浮升力参数Grb/Re2.7和Gr/Re2分别高于10-7、10-3时,浮升力作用不可忽略。改进的换热关联式具有合理的预测精度,满足热防护系统设计的工程运用。     

可靠性全局灵敏度求解的Meta-IS-AK算法

可靠性全局灵敏度（GRS）可以衡量输入变量对结构系统失效概率的平均影响,但目前仍然缺乏具有广泛适应性的高效算法。针对此问题,本文将在元重要抽样和可靠性全局灵敏度的贝叶斯算法基础上建立一种新的高效算法。所提算法首先利用已有的贝叶斯算法,将可靠性全局灵敏度转换成由无条件失效概率及输入变量失效域条件下的概率密度函数（PDF）表达的形式,然后分3步来完成算法的组织。第1步是利用元重要抽样的迭代策略抽取失效域的重要抽样样本;第2步是在已有的元重要抽样法中嵌入自适应Kriging模型,高效计算出无条件失效概率;第3步是利用Metropolis-Hastings准则,将失效域的重要抽样样本转化成为原始密度函数在失效域的样本点,进而同时求得各个输入变量在失效域中的条件概率密度函数,并最终求得可靠性全局灵敏度。由于所提算法充分利用了已有的可靠性全局灵敏度贝叶斯算法的维度独立性、元重要抽样法对隐式多失效域的适应性以及元重要抽样法中嵌入式Kriging模型的高效性,因此所提算法具有广泛的适用范围和较高的效率,该结论得到了算例结果的充分验证。     

高转速转静盘腔流动换热相似性数值研究

为了得到高转速转静盘腔流动换热实验中的相似准则,在定几何、变物性、可压缩和有耗散的情况下,对转静盘腔中的控制方程进行无量纲化,得到了除无量纲位置外的8个无量纲准则数.并以高转速转静盘腔模型为基础,采用数值方法对影响发动机工况(高温)和实验工况(常温)换热相似性的主要无量纲准则数进行了研究.研究表明:流动雷诺数、旋转雷诺...     

驾驶员模型参数与飞行品质关系的研究

按 Neal-Smith准则要求,探讨了驾驶员模型参数与飞机飞行品质之间的关系。建立Neal-Smith准则的数学表达式,导出系统闭环幅频、相频特性对驾驶员模型参数变化的灵敏度公式,用牛顿迭代法,计算出满足 Neal-Smith准则条件的驾驶员模型参数,得出相应的闭环幅频、相频特性曲线,找得相应的驾驶员对飞行品质的评定等级。用该方法来计算和检查飞机的飞行品质是非常简捷的,且能看到驾驶员与飞行器之间关系是否合适和匹配     

复合材料层合板结构的广义强度准则

在试验研究的基础上,将复合材料层舍板看作一个"宏观各向异性板",提出了一种基于试验的复合材料层合板结构广义强度准则的二次完备表达式,并分析了表达式中各参数的试验求解方法.对3种典型铺层的层合板进行纵向拉伸、纵向压缩、横向拉伸、横向压缩、面内剪切等简单裁荷以及双向拉伸、拉剪组合(纵向、横向)等组合栽荷试验.给出了不同铺层形式下广义强度准则表达式中各项系数值.采用该强度准则预测复杂应力状态下的破坏应力与试验值吻合较好.     

Simulation software for the spiral trajectory of our Moon

At 4.56 Ga, the accretion of the slowly rotating Solar Nebula led to the formation of Sun and its Planets in the plane of disc of accretion. Moon was formed by accretion from a circumterrestrial disk of debris generated by the glancing angle impact of the young Earth by a Mars size planetary embryo at about 4.5 Ga at a distance of 15,000 km. The Moon since then has migrated to the present position of 384,400 km from the center of the Earth. In course of this outward migration it has slowed down the spin rate of Earth and caused the lengthening of diurnal day length from 5 h initially to 24 h presently. The basic mechanics of Earth–Moon System has been worked out and theoretical determination of lengthening of day curve is carried out. This theoretical lengthening of day curve is compared with the observed lengthening of day curve based on paleobotanical evidences, ancient tidalites and Australian Banded Iron Formation. There is a remarkable correspondence between the two curves except for intermittent deviations due to geographical and geophysical factors. Based on the theoretical curve of lengthening of day, an empirical formula for the lunar orbital radius expansion is determined. Based on this empirical formula, simulation software is developed that gives the correct evolution of the semi-major axis (a) of our Moon for any time span from the inception to the time chosen under study. For mathematical simplicity the system is considered to be a two body rotating system throughout its evolutionary history of 4.5 Gyrs. This simulation draws the Moon’s spiral trajectory from its inception to any subsequent epoch. The terminal epoch is an input to the simulation software to arrive at the spiral trajectory of the Moon from the inception to the given epoch. The basic mechanics of Earth–Moon System and this simulation can be generalized to lay the foundation of simulation software for any Planet–Satellite pair or any Sun-Planet pair in our Solar System or Star-Planet pair in any Extra-Solar System. The basic dynamics has been found to be valid for Star–Planet pair also. So this Simulation Methodology can as well be applied to study the migratory evolution of Gas Giants also.     

拉瓦尔喷管外发生激波反射工况详细分析

平面拉瓦尔喷管的环境压力与入口总压的比值从设计工况到第三极限工况(管口处为正激波)逐渐增大时,喷管外的激波现象不同.根据已知的激波反射理论,将设计工况到第三极限工况间的工作状况进一步细分为强斜激波工况、马赫反射工况、双解区和正规反射工况、并将由气流偏转角所表示的发生正规反射和马赫反射的条件用环境压力与总压的比值来表示,找出了强、弱斜激波的环境压力与总压比值的临界值,得到这些临界值随着喷管面积比的变化趋势.最后针对面积比为5的平面拉瓦尔喷管,由理论分析得到其管外发生正规反射、马赫反射、强斜激波反射时对应的压比分别为:0.0841,0.0959和0.2005,并用数值模拟来验证理论分析的正确性.      

基于MA技术的民航机组人员指派问题研究

为合理地指派民航飞行机组,根据机组所执行的勤务均衡理论,将机组指派分成机组生成和人员指派两部分完成.满足机组要求的飞行员生成一个飞行机组,同时将满足机型要求的机组安排到勤务中,通过多智能体(Multi-agent,MA)协同调度技术构成机组指派系统,实验证明并行调度技术在机组指派问题中能有效解决各个机组的勤务平衡问题,从而合理高效地进行机组指派.