基于GIS的机场净空障碍物评定研究(英文)

通过对军用机场净空规格进行分析,建立了军用机场净空区障碍物限制面的数学模型。在此数学模型的基础上使用ArcGIS系列软件建立军用机场净空限制面三角网高程模型,并进行三维显示。将DEM与某军用机场地形图相叠加,则可以很方便的对军用机场净空障碍物进行评定,从而提高工作效率,为使用地理信息系统进行军用机场净空障碍物管理提供帮助。     

基于GIS的机场场面路径优化算法的研究

利用GIS技术,研究了进出港航班滑行路径的优化问题。为机场上刚降落和即将出港的航班规划最短滑行路径。判断航班在规划的滑行路径上是否会发生对头相遇。考虑到机场安全性和使用效率,要求保证进出港航班在滑行过程中按最短路径连续滑行,并且不能发生对头相遇。本提出了两种解决方法：(1)改变进港航班的滑行速度;(2)延迟出港航班的时间。通过实例验证了该算法的可行性。     

Prediction of landslides using ASTER imagery and data mining models

The aim of this study was to identify landslide-related factors using only remotely sensed data and to present landslide susceptibility maps using a geographic information system, data-mining models, an artificial neural network (ANN), and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system (ANFIS). Landslide-related factors were identified in Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite imagery. The slope, aspect, and curvature of topographic features were calculated from a digital elevation model that was made using the ASTER imagery. Lineaments, land-cover, and normalized difference vegetative index layers were also extracted from the imagery. Landslide-susceptible areas were analyzed and mapped based on occurrence factors using the ANN and ANFIS. The generalized bell-shaped built-in membership function of the ANFIS was applied to landslide susceptibility mapping. Analytical results were validated using landslide test location data. In the validation results, the ANN model showed 80.42% prediction accuracy and the ANFIS model showed 86.55% prediction accuracy. These results suggest that the ANFIS model has a better performance than does the ANN in predicting landslide susceptibility.     

基于MapX的Web GIS系统

当GIS系统从传统的单机、局域网系统过渡到Web GIS系统时，Web GIS平台的价格成为制约其发展的一个重要因素。本文介绍了一种基于MapX的Web GIS系统的实现，描述了该系统的组成和其中的一些实现细节。通过本系统，用户可以在Internet／Intranet上发布基于电子地图的应用系统，方便地对地图进行放大、缩小、漫游、查询、统计等操作，并在其基础上定制出多样的电子地图应用软件。该系统具有价格低廉、使用面广等特点，为中小型企业提供了一种新的Web GIS解决方案。     

GIS在户外游憩管理与规划中的应用进展

回顾G IS在户外游憩规划、游憩地理信息系统、游憩管理决策、游憩环境监测中的应用状况;指出G IS在户外游憩管理与规划中应用的局限性;提出提高终端用户的平台界面设计的友好程度,加强游憩管理与规划专业模块的开发与设计,以及提高游憩管理与规划机构利用G IS技术的意愿等措施是促进G IS在户外游憩管理与规划中应用的关键。     

GPS定位技术在个人数字助理上实现技术的研究

GPS全球定位系统是全球性的卫星导航定位系统,可以提供实时的经纬度位置和时间等信息。本文叙述了利用GPS定位信息在个人数字助理上实现显示持有此个人数字助理人位置的技术。首先介绍了实现定位功能的个人数字助理的硬件配置和利用GPS接收板接收定位信息的方法;然后详细介绍了实现嵌入式地理信息系统用到的地理数据的组织,显示模块的设计和电子地图的分块处理;最后介绍了采用直线优化Dijkstra算法实现最短路径搜索。     

应用型GIS的开发管理与过程设计

基于应用型GIS进行不同需求的开发,无论对于地理信息化建设,还是对于满足各种特定需要,有着广泛的应用价值。文中对应用型GIS的组织管理和开发设计作了分析。     

一种基于双网格的空间数据库实现方法

双网格是一种基于离散几何的空间对象表示方法。与使用整数坐标系统的Realms不同，双网格使用了有限精度的有理数坐标系统。本文分析了Realms和双网格这两种空间对象表示方法对空间拓扑性的影响以及各自的优缺点，讨论了基于双网格和主存技术实现空间管理子系统的方法。本文还介绍了空间管理子系统与PostgreSQL的集成技术，并设计和实现了基于双网格的空间分析DBMS-SADBSⅡ。该系统能够有效地管理空间数据和非空间数据，并具有ROSE代数定义的全部空间分析操作功能。     

Spatial data quality capture through inductive learning

The relatively weak uptake of spatial error handling capabilities bycommercial GIS companies and users can in part be attributed to therelatively low availability and high costs of spatial data qualityinformation. Based on the well established artificial intelligencetechnique of induction, this paper charts the development of anautomated quality capture tool. By learning from example, the tool makesvery efficient use of scarce spatial data quality information, sohelping to minimise the cost and maximise availability of data quality.The example application of the tool to a telecommunications legacy datacapture project indicates the practicality and potential value of theapproach.     

Hydro-geomorphic characteristics of the Indian (Peninsular) catchments: Based on morphometric correlation with hydro-sedimentary data

In terms of hydro-geomorphic characteristics, catchments in Peninsular India remained mostly unexplored except a few regional and local works that deal with tectonic, structural and paleo-climatic control on geomorphology. Catchment scale morphometric analyses deliver insights into dynamics, erosion capacity, probability of flood occurrence, lithological and structural control, and genetic response to the tectonics. The present study aimed to comprehend hydro-geomorphic characteristics of 12 major catchments in Peninsular India through GIS-based morphometric analysis. A total of 25 morphometric parameters were computed and several statistical analyses performed in establishing inter-correlation and classification of Indian rivers. Most of the rivers in Peninsular India were found 7th to 9th order catchments. Almost all basins showed a moderate relief ratio, hypsometric integral, ruggedness etc. Cauvery, Baitarni, and Brahmani showed exceptionally steeper gradient, high relief ratio, LS factor, and ruggedness index, which indicated higher erosion potential. Correlation among landscape variables revealed moderate scale dependency of few relief factors. Baitarni, Brahmani and Narmada showed higher hypsometric integral. A strong positive association between hypsometric integral and sediment yield suggested critically high erosion potential in catchments with high integral values. The present study provides some generic insights into the hydro-geomorphic characteristics with dissimilarity in lithology in Peninsular Indian catchments as a whole.