The Solar Sail Materials (SSM) project – Status of activities

SSM (Solar Sail Materials) is an on-going project for the European Space Agency (ESA) relying on past and recent European solar sail design projects. It aims at developing and testing future technologies suitable for large, operational solar sailcrafts.     

复合材料构件热压罐成型温度场研究

在热压罐固化工艺的热历程中,复合材料零件表面温度场分布的合理与否将直接决定产品的固化质量.以工字型零件和T型加筋壁板两种复合材料零件为研究对象,使用EC-3×8M和SCH-5.5×21M两种型号热压罐,同时选择炉温偶和零件偶两种控温方式对零件进行固化.通过分析温度场测试结果发现,控温方式、设备加热方式、升降温速率、热电偶的摆放位置、固化压力等因素均对零件的温度场有影响.     

一种加速度环境下的温度测量方法

温度-加速度复合环境试验是考察武器、飞行器产品飞行过程中发射、再入等阶段环境适应性能的重要手段.介绍了温度-加速度复合环境试验系统的设计方法,针对高加速度环境下温度采集系统可能出现的温度漂移现象,进行了故障分析,并给出了解决方案.验证试验表明,设计方案可行,相关方法可为复合环境试验可靠性设计提供技术支持.     

双周期带涂层纤维压电复合材料反平面问题分析

 研究双周期带涂层纤维压电复合材料反平面问题。利用Eshelby等效夹杂原理引入特征应变和特征电场,并结合双准周期Riemann边值问题理论,获得了问题在反平面机械载荷和面内电载荷作用时的解析解。由本文解的特殊情形可以退化为已有结果。数值算例考察了复合材料内部应力和电场随复合材料各组分电弹参数的变化规律,研究了纤维排列方式和纤维体积分数对复合材料有效电弹系数的影响。带涂层纤维正六边形排列时的有效电弹系数与广义自洽方法的预测结果非常接近。结果对新型航空材料的设计和优化具有参考价值。     

脉冲热像法在航空复合材料构件无损检测中的应用

对红外热像检测技术的原理、特点和国内外应用状况作了简单的介绍,对闪光灯激励脉冲热像法中影响检测的主要参数进行了分析,并针对多种常见的复合材料构件进行了检测研究.研究结果表明:对于薄蒙皮的泡沫夹层结构件和蜂窝夹层结构件,闪光灯激励脉冲热像法能够给出清晰的检测结果和丰富的构件内部信息,可以检测出脱粘缺陷、损伤和蜂窝积水,能够用于雷达罩的在役检测.闪光灯激励脉冲热像法适于检测厚度较薄的层合板构件.     

复合材料低速冲击永久凹坑深度预测方法

基于赫兹接触定律,建立了复合材料层板低速冲击模型,在此基础上提出了复合材料层板冲击后永久凹坑的理论计算方法。通过对T700/5428和T300/5428两种材料层板低速冲击永久凹坑计算结果与试验结果的对比,证实了这种方法在较小冲击损伤情况下的可行性与有效性。通过这种方法,可以为复合材料冲击性能的预测提供一种参考。     

A novel virtual material layer model for predicting natural frequencies of composite bolted joints

A novel virtual material layer model based on the fractal theory was proposed to predict the natural frequencies of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composite bolted joints. Rough contact surfaces of composite bolted joints are modeled with this new proposed approach. Numerical and experimental modal analyses were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. A good consistence is noted between the numerical and experimental results. To demonstrate the necessity of accurately modeling the rough contact surfaces in the prediction of natural frequencies, virtual material layer model was compared with the widely used traditional model based on the Master-Slave contact algorithm and experiments, respectively. Results show that the proposed model has a better agreement with experiments than the widely used traditional model (the prediction accuracy is raised by 8.77% when the pre-tightening torque is 0.5 N∙m). Real contact area ratio A* of three different virtual material layers were calculated. Value of A* were discussed with dimensionless load P*, fractal dimension D and fractal roughness G. This work provides a new efficient way for accurately modeling the rough contact surfaces and predicting the natural frequencies of composite bolted joints, which can be used to help engineers in the dynamic design of composite materials.     

Parameter studies and evaluation principles of delamination damage in laminated composites

Delamination represents one of the most severe failure modes in composite laminates, especially when they are subjected to uniaxial compression loads. The evaluation of the delamination damage has always been an essential issue of composite laminates for durability and damage tolerance in engineering practice. Focusing on the most typical and representative elliptical delamination issue, an analytical model simultaneously considering the conservative buckling process and non-conservative delamination propagation process is implemented. Various computational cases considering different delamination depths, directions, aspect ratios, and areas are established, and the predicted results based on the analytical model are carefully compared. Effects of these geometrical delamination parameters on the buckling, delamination propagation, and failure behaviors of composite laminates are thoroughly analyzed, and innovative evaluation principles of the delamination damage have been concluded. It is found that the delamination area is the key factor that truly affecting the failure behaviors of delaminated composites, and the local / global buckling and failure loads show clear linearity with the delamination area, whilst the delamination depth and direction only have slight effects.     

基于自适应近似法的复合材料先进格栅加筋结构优化设计(英文)

针对复合材料高级格栅加筋结构(AGS)的后屈曲约束优化问题,发展出基于自适应近似法的优化方法。设计将后屈曲考虑入结构的承载能力,比传统的以线性屈曲载荷为极限载荷的设计方法进一步提高结构效率。采用梁偏移技术对加筋-蒙皮联结进行有限元建模,并用Newton-Raphson法对AGS的后屈曲响应进行求解。通过少量次数的结构分析建立结构极限载荷的Kriging近似模型,并将之用于优化过程,以显著提高优化工作效率。使用多岛遗传算法运行优化计算,得到问题的全局最优解。针对问题的设计变量取值范围较大的特点,发展出基于自适应近似法的优化方法,计算结果证明该法比一般的基于近似法的优化方法能够显著减少结构分析次数。工作在有限元分析软件MSC.PATRAN/MARC、工程辅助软件iSIGHT中进行,验证了其相关功能,为复合材料AGS结构件的初步设计工具奠定基础。     

复合材料飞机结构损伤容限特性

 复合材料用于飞机结构已有10多年的历史,由于复合材料的特点,必须重新研究原来适用于金属结构的损伤容限设计的一系列规范、手册和数据在复合材料结构中的适用性。本文介绍了欧美各国在复合材料飞机结构损伤容限特性方面的研究概况,并且从对有关规范的补充说明、缺陷性质和验证标准、飞机结构损伤容限评定方法、分析方法和设计方法等几个方面进行了综述。