超临界碳氢燃料蒸汽重整一维模型研究

为了获得关键参数对超临界碳氢燃料蒸汽重整化学热沉分布特性的影响,建立了超临界碳氢燃料蒸汽重整非稳态一维计算模型,通过与实验数据的对比验证了模型的准确性,并基于该模型采用RP-3的四组分替代模型对RP-3蒸汽重整过程中入口流速、压力和含水量等关键参数对热沉沿流向分布特性的影响进行了研究。结果表明：随着入口流速的增加,蒸汽重整反应化学热沉的峰值减小,且出现峰值的位置逐渐向出口移动。随着压力的升高,相同位置处的化学热沉都减少,但是出现峰值的位置不变。在入口含水量由5%增大到12%的过程中,微通道同一位置处的化学热沉增大,且化学热沉的最大值也是增大的,峰值出现的位置向微通道出口移动。     

LD10网格加强肋结构壁板的化学铣切工艺研究

为了寻找到化铣槽液各组分的最佳含量范围,使零件达到稳定化铣侧切率,减少板材铣切厚度差,本研究通过测量对比试片在各组分含量的槽液中铣切壁板的侧切率和均匀度参数来实现.结果表明,当NaOH初始浓度为200 g/L、溶解Al3+为70～110 g/L、温度(90±5)℃的技术条件下能够得到肋条偏差Tw±0.75 mm、壁厚偏差Ts±0.15 mm的较理想的化铣产品.     

基于自适应网格的钝头体激波诱导燃烧现象数值模拟研究

钝头体激波诱导燃烧是爆震研究的一个基本问题.针对化学恰当量比的H2/Air预混气体在Ma=4.79和Ma=6.46时的激波诱导燃烧现象开展数值研究,采用基于有限体积法的块结构自适应网格加密程序AMROC,对带化学反应源项的轴对称Euler方程解耦求解,考察了数值模拟中不同形式的MUSCL重构格式、限制器类型以及化学反应...     

核壳结构Fe/Al复合粉体的制备及其放热性能分析

为了解决微米铝粉燃烧动力学慢、点火延迟长、燃烧不充分等问题,以羰基铁为前驱体,用流化床化学气相沉积(FB-CVD)法对两种不同粒径的微米铝粉进行了包覆,利用SEM,XRD和TG-DSC对所制得的Fe/A1复合粉体进行了表征.结果表明铁层均匀致密地包覆在铝颗粒表面,由Q1铝粉所制备的样品中铁的含量分别为3.62％,7.82％,12.83％.铁的包覆对铝的放热性能有很大影响,复合粉体的高温放热峰温度相对于原始铝粉虽有所升高,但是其放热过程更迅速、更集中,氧化得更充分,1500℃时其增重由原始铝粉的20.74％提高到75.74％以上,铁的包覆量为7.82％的复合粉体增重可达到80.71％,其放热性能最优.     

M40J和T300碳纤维的微结构

利用SEM、TEM、XPS、XRD、Raman和元素分析仪分析了M40J和T300的表面化学、物理及微观结构特征.研究发现:M40J含碳量高于T300纤维,而含氮量低于T300纤维,且表面活性基团比T300纤维低;M40J和T300碳纤维表面具有大量沟槽,前者相对长而浅,后者相对短而深;T300纤维端面皮芯结构明显,而M40J端面结构较均匀;M40J的微晶结构及取向性优于T300碳纤维.     

The ‘soot line’: Destruction of presolar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the terrestrial planet-forming region of disks

Interstellar material is highly processed when subjected to the physical conditions that prevail in the inner regions of protoplanetary disks, the potential birthplace of habitable planets. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are abundant in the interstellar medium, and they have also been observed in the disks around young stars, with evidence for some modification in the latter. Using a chemical model developed for sooting flames, we have investigated the chemical evolution of PAHs in warm (1000–2000 K) and oxygen-rich (C/O < 1) conditions appropriate for the region where habitable planets may eventually form. Our study focuses on (1) delineating the conditions under which PAHs will react and (2) identifying the key reaction pathways and reaction products characterizing this chemical evolution. We find that reactions with H, OH and O are the main pathways for destroying PAHs over disk timescale at temperatures greater than about 1000 K. In the process, high abundances of C₂H₂ persist over long timescales due to the kinetic inhibition of reactions that eventually drive the carbon into CO, CO₂ and CH₄. The thermal destruction of PAHs may thus be the cause of the abundant C₂H₂ that has been observed in disks. We propose that protoplanetary disks have a ‘soot line’, within which PAHs are irreversibly destroyed via thermally-driven reactions. The soot line will play an important role, analogous to that of the ‘snow line’, in the bulk carbon content of meteorites and habitable planets.     

现代民机新型灭火剂性能研究

对新型灭火剂研究背景和种类进行了简要介绍,对具有开发潜力的新型灭火剂的理化性能、毒性、腐蚀性、灭火性能、环保性能进行深入分析与研究。通过对新型灭火剂性能的研究,得出每种灭火剂的优缺点,筛选出适用于现代民机灭火系统的灭火剂。     

Simulation and analysis of chemical release in the ionosphere

Ionospheric inhomogeneous plasma produced by single point chemical release has simple space-time structure, and cannot impact radio wave frequencies higher than Very High Frequency (VHF) band. In order to produce more complicated ionospheric plasma perturbation structure and trigger instabilities phenomena, multiple-point chemical release scheme is presented in this paper. The effects of chemical release on low latitude ionospheric plasma are estimated by linear instability growth rate theory that high growth rate represents high irregularities, ionospheric scintillation occurrence probability and high scintillation intension in scintillation duration. The amplitude scintillations and the phase scintillations of 150?MHz, 400?MHz, and 1000?MHz are calculated based on the theory of multiple phase screen (MPS), when they propagate through the disturbed area.     

钼-铌合金原料品质对单晶制备的影响

主要讨论了钼-铌合金原料品质,包括烧结条的制备、原料的化学成分、原料棒的尺寸规格等对单晶制备的影响。结果表明:高温真空烧结钼-铌合金烧结条由于C、O等杂质含量过高,在20 kW电子束悬浮区域熔炼炉上区域熔炼时未能直接生长制备出单晶,但其经过两次电子束熔炼获得的Ф(12~17)mm原料棒C元素质量分数降为6.3×10-3%、O元素质量分数降低了近2个数量级,仅为1.4×10-3%,能稳定地生长制备出Ф31 mm×735 mm的大尺寸钼-铌合金单晶,而直径超过Ф18 mm或小于Ф11 mm原料棒在区域熔炼时未能获得钼-铌合金单晶。     

NEPE推进剂力学性能与化学安定性关联老化行为及机理

为了剖析NEPE推进剂力学性能老化特性,研究了其力学性能与化学安定性关联老化行为及其机理。力学性能与化学安定性对比以及正交试验结果表明:两者的老化行为存在关联性,且呈“两段式”。通过理化参数与化学安定性对比以及高效液相色谱测试,阐明了关联老化行为的内在机理是:安定剂不断与硝酸酯分解出的氮氧化物反应生成亚硝基产物,抑制硝酸酯的自催化分解,安定剂通过对硝酸酯分解产物的稳定作用而间接地对粘合剂母体起到了稳定作用,从而形成了NEPE推进剂特有的力学性能与化学安定性老化“两段式”关联行为。