六自由度数控铣床工件定位及后置处理系统

对传统3轴立式铣床进行了改造，安装了六自由度并联机构形成了一种新型数控铣床。本文介绍了其结构，推导了该铣床的工件定位和刀位文件后置处理两个子系统。该铣床具有造价低，结构简单，刚性好，精度高及易改造等优点，适合加工复杂曲面工件。     

基于模糊Petri网的设备故障诊断新方法研究

专家系统用于计算机数控（CNC）设备的故障诊断日益受到人们的重视。为了能够解决故障现象的模糊性，本文将模糊理论与Petri网结合，建立了模糊Petri网（FPN）理论体系。引出了FPN转移被激发规则，确定了FPN的动态运行过程。应用FPN能够清楚地表达与或树、产生式规则等知识表达形式。基于FPN理论，建立了CNC设备故障诊断专家系统（CNCM-FDES）。该系统由知识库系统、知识库管理系统、诊断推理机制、诊断过程解释机制、故障评价、故障决策与入机界面组成。文中分别介绍了该系统的各个组成部分。     

PLC控制加工中心刀库的选刀与CNC系统的通信研究

研究采用计算机记忆式的选刀方式,通过编程方法实现软件选刀功能;采用汇编语言编程实现在自动换刀过程中加工中心CNC系统与刀库控制PLC间的通信。     

液体火箭发动机等倾角螺旋冷却通道加工技术

将液体火箭发动机燃烧室的冷却通道设计为斜航线(等倾角螺旋线)槽形，可以大幅度改善燃烧室的冷却性能。斜航线冷却槽的槽宽尺寸较小而槽深尺寸较大，所以无法使用棒铣刀铣削、电化学等加工方式。针对这些特点，提出了五轴控制、四轴联动的数控片铣刀铣削加工方法。由于燃烧室外表面的母线轮廓复杂，手工编制数控加工程序难度大。为了解决数控加工程序的编制问题，研究了斜航线的数学模型，开发了自动编程软件系统。使用该系统，可以生成多种母线轮廓回转体外表面上的斜航线数控加工程序。燃烧室收敛—扩张段的母线斜率变化大，加工难度大，是斜航线冷却通道加工的最典型工件。经过理论分析和实际切削实验，研究了针对该类型工件的片铣刀直径选择、铣削方式和方向、刀具调整和起刀点的设置等多项实际的加工方案。采用上述的一系列技术，已经成功地加工了数十个合格工件。经过两年多的实际生产过程应用，验证了所开发的斜航线冷却通道加工方法的正确性和可行性。这些加工技术的研制成功，对其他相似类型零件的加工亦具有参考意义。     

精密复杂曲面零件多轴数控加工技术研究进展

多轴数控（CNC）加工是现代工业中的标志性加工技术,在能源、动力、国防、运载工具、航空航天等制造领域的关键零部件加工中占据着主导地位。随着这些领域中高端装备性能要求越来越高,涌现出一大批加工难度大、性能指标要求苛刻的精密复杂曲面零件,其加工已由以往单纯的形位精度要求,跃升为形位与性能指标并重的高性能加工要求,给传统的复杂曲面零件数控加工技术带来了严峻挑战。针对精密复杂曲面零件形位精度保证、加工效率提升及动态切削过程可控等关键技术问题,从多轴数控加工的高效加工路径设计、进给率规划以及加工动力学分析等方面,详细论述相关加工技术的研究现状、存在的难点和核心问题,指出可行的解决途径、突破方向和未来的发展趋势,为实现复杂曲面零件的高性能数控加工提供参考和依据。     

适合多种机床结构的数控系统5坐标变换库

研究了适合多种结构布局形式的统一坐标变换方法,开发出数控系统5坐标变换函数库,并作为坐标变换控制模块集成到数控系统中.分析了5坐标数控机床运动学模型,归纳出12种5坐标数控机床结构布局,并推导了对应的坐标变换数学算法.通过结构分析和数学变换将12种算法扩展归纳到3类基础算法,并基于3类基础算法开发出适合多种机床结构布局的5坐标变换库.利用机床三维仿真系统验证了5坐标变换库的可行性,并将该坐标变换库集成到北京航空航天大学开发的CH-2010开放式数控系统中.     

太阳能硅片精密切割技术及其特性研究

本文在对当前太阳能硅片常见切割技术及其特性进行分析和比较的基础上,提出数控超声振动切割太阳能硅片技术,为太阳能硅片的精密切割提供一种新的实用的加工方法.     

基于KND1000M的龙门铣床数控改造技术

介绍了X2012龙门铣床数控化改造的方案及实施过程。首先介绍了设备改造前的状况,说明改造的必要性和可行性,然后介绍了本次改造的方案,改造中要注意的几个主要问题。给出了改造原理图,改造后的机械结构示意图总结了改造实施后的效果。     

A novel method for solving shortest tool length based on compressing 3D check surfaces relative to tool postures

Solving the shortest tool length quickly under a known tool trajectory in multi-axis machining of complex channel parts is an urgent problem in industrial production. To solve this problem, a novel and efficient method is proposed which is featured by extracting only a few necessary curves from the check surface instead of sampling the entire surface. By rotating and compressing the 3D check surface relative to all tool postures, the boundaries of the area occupied by the 2D compressed surfaces are the essential elements for determining the shortest tool length. A tracking-based numerical algorithm is introduced to efficiently solve the silhouette curves which are formed in compressing. To define the multi-taper shaped tool holding system (THS) which is commonly used in production, a characterization model for THS profile is established. A model for solving the shortest tool length is finally constructed based on the critical interference relationship between the THS profile and all compressed boundary curves. For acceleration, the boundary splines are segmented according to their knot vectors. Then a new concept called the axis-aligned tool length box (AATB) is introduced, which can provide a conservative range of tool length for a spline segment. By scanning the AATBs of all spline segments, the very few effective spline segments that may ultimately determine the shortest tool length are filtered out. This acceleration method makes the solution for the shortest tool length more focused and efficient. The results of experimental examples are also reported to validate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.     

Path,feedrate and trajectory planning for free-form surface machining: A state-of-the-art review

Nowadays, free-form surfaces have been widely used in various industrial fields. They are usually machined by CNC machine tools, but recently have also begun to be manufactured by industrial robotic arm manipulators, thanks to low cost, large operation reaching space and high machining flexibility of robot. So far, various methodologies have been proposed to improve efficiency and quality of free-form surface machining, thus this paper aims at providing a state-of-the-art review on research advances in free-form surface machining. In this review, tool path generation, feedrate scheduling in Cartesian space and trajectory planning in joint space are focused for both CNC machining and robot machining, and their research statues, existing difficulties and key issues are discussed in detail. Finally, the feasible routes, breakthrough points and future development trend are also expounded.