SPH方法对气液两相流自由界面运动的追踪模拟

气液两相流动是自然界中常见的流动现象,对其进行数值模拟时要求必须能够准确跟踪界面运动变形。本文利用光滑粒子流体动力学方法,结合微可压缩模型(SCM),引入界面控制方法XSPH速度修正以及Van Derwaals状态方程修正,对典型的气液两相流动如二维溃坝、气泡上浮等问题进行了数值模拟,分析了空气和水相互作用机理以及界面运动规律,并同实验结果和其他数值计算结果进行了比较。结果表明,该方法在模拟多相介质界面运动问题准确有效,可用于处理更为复杂的多相流动工程问题。     

Sensitivity Analysis for Safety Design Verification of General Aviation Reciprocating Aircraft Engine

This paper presents an application of global sensitivity analysis for system safety analysis of reciprocating aircraft engine. Compared with local sensitivity analysis results, global sensitivity analysis could provide more information on parameter interactions, which are significant in complex system safety analysis. First, a deterministic aviation reciprocating engine thermodynamics model is developed and parameters of interest are defined as random variables. Then, samples are generated by Monte Carlo method for the parameters used in engine model on the basis of definition of factor distribution. Eventually, results from engine model are generated and importance indices are calculated. Based on the analysis results, design is improved to satisfy the airworthiness requirements. The results reveal that by using global sensitivity analysis, the parameters could be ranked with respect to their importance, including first order indices and total sensitivity indices. By reducing the uncertainty of parameters and adjusting the range of inputs, safety criteria would be satisfied.     

星载CAN总线电接口特性研究

为了保证星载控制器局域网（Controller Area Network,CAN）总线通信的可靠性,基于叠加定理对总线接口建立了等效电路模型,结合节点电压法,计算了接收器输入端差分信号的电压,运用仿真软件绘制出了终端匹配电阻RT=124Ω条件下,电压与传输线电阻RW之间的关系曲线,确定了RW的选取范围;当RW=23Ω时,对电压与RT之间的关系曲线进行了仿真,确定了RT的选取范围;通过计算得出了RW=0Ω、RT=124Ω条件下发送器所能驱动的最多接收器节点数。模型的建立与仿真为CAN总线通信电路设计提供了一种新的模拟和验证方法。     

An error analysis and optimization method for combined measurement with binocular vision

The accurate measurement of surfaces of large aviation components is vital for the assessment of manufacturing and assembly quality of such components. To satisfy the measurement requirement of large-size components, most current researches pay more attention to combined measurement methods utilizing different measuring instruments, but the related researches on error analysis and optimization methods are not taken enough attention. This paper proposes a combined laser-assisted measurement method with feature enhancement techniques, and it also develops an error propagation model of the main factors affecting the overall measurement error in detail. Firstly, the surface of a large-size component is measured by the measurement system at multiple stations. Secondly, a control point coordinate system is established as a bridge to unify all local measurement data into the global coordinate system. To improve the overall measurement accuracy, the pixel extraction error as a key factor causing the overall measurement error is analyzed in detail. Next, the error propagation model is established, and some optimization strategies of layout for minimizing measurement error and transformation error are researched. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the measurement error of the proposed method reaches 0.073% and 0.14% with a 1D standard ruler and a flat plate, respectively.     

Methods of spacecraft impulsive relative hovering and trajectory safety analysis

Based on the analytical solutions of T-H equations and its state transition matrix form,the open-loop control method of spacecraft impulsive relative hovering was studied,which is promising for practical engineering use.The true anomaly intervals of the hovering impulse were optimized by the nonlinear mathematical programming.Based on the calculation of collision probability,the method of safety analysis and risk management was proposed.The numerical simulations show that the introduced relative hovering method can be used for circular and elliptical reference orbits hovering.Furthermore,the local optimal solution can be obtained by applying the true anomaly intervals optimization method.The maximum collision probability and the minimum relative distance nearly appear at the same time.And,the smaller the relative distance is,the larger the collision probability.     

交叉航路飞行间隔安全评估研究

在交叉航路上初步研究了碰撞风险模型,从冲突区域模型、概率论模型、Event模型、Reich及其改进模型等5种碰撞风险模型的角度,分析了各个模型的使用范围及建模思想,并在此基础上分析了飞行间隔安全评估未来的研究方向：基于CNS性能的飞行间隔安全评估,防撞系统如何减少碰撞风险以及人为因素对碰撞风险的影响,为今后的研究奠定了基础。     

液压性能综合实验模拟系统的开发

Automation Studio是一种有效的液压系统仿真工具。在对QCS003试验台的系统与工作原理分析的基础上,在Automation Studio平台上开发了液压性能综合实验模拟系统,利用该系统可以在计算机上完成实验项目。     

基于案例知识的系统安全风险模型

对基于案例知识的系统安全风险模型进行了研究。首先,建立了系统安全事件案例知识表达模型。其次,研究了系统知识表达的不确定性问题,以及安全风险决策者的决策类型对度量不确定性的需求;基于现有安全风险模型对不确定性度量能力的欠缺,提出了基于案例知识的系统安全风险概念模型,用损失可能性、损失程度和损失的不确定性来表征系统安全风险。在此基础上,研究了该安全风险模型的建模方法,并举例证明了该模型的有效性。最后,对机长飞行安全风险进行了研究,选取机长年龄、累计飞行小时以及近90天飞行小时3个指标作为风险因子,应用本文所建基于案例知识的系统安全风险模型,评估了机长飞行安全风险,评估结果合理,可为民航放飞决策提供参考。     

NEPE推进剂/衬层粘接界面细观力学性能/结构研究

研究了不同组成的NEPE推进剂/衬层粘接界面细观力学性能和结构的差异,以及对应粘接界面贮存过程中粘接性能和破坏方式的变化规律,探索了粘接界面的细观力学性能、结构与破坏方式的内在关联,初步提出NEPE推进剂/衬层粘接界面失效模式。试验结果表明,粘接界面细观力学性能、结构与界面粘接质量相关,是影响界面失效模式的主要因素。粘接界面具有高模量、高硬度层,N元素含量高且有明显梯度变化时,粘接质量较好,发生内聚破坏,反之发生界面破坏或混合破坏;老化过程中,粘接界面的模量和硬度降低、N元素的含量明显降低决定粘接界面依次发生内聚破坏、混合破坏和界面破坏。     

一种适用于进近尾流间隔缩减的机型聚类方法

目前,我国广泛使用的尾流间隔标准过于保守,导致机场跑道容量受限。以进近航空器的尾流遭遇问题为研究对象,首先研究进近尾流安全间隔缩减方法,获取缩减后的临界尾流间隔;然后基于主成分分析法（PCA）对 BADA 数据库中的航空器性能数据降维,提出一种适用于进近尾流间隔缩减的机型层次聚类方法;最后采用该方法得到新的机型分类结果并构建缩减后的尾流安全间隔标准。结果表明：本文所使用的机型层次聚类方法与国内外航空器分类方法具有较好的一致性,在长沙黄花国际机场的主流配对机型间,所获取的进近航空器尾流间隔标准与传统尾流间隔标准相比可以缩减 0.8 km 以上。