水杨酸对盐胁迫下沙冬青幼苗抗氧化酶活性及PSⅡ光化学效率的影响

濒危植物沙冬青Ammopiptanthus mongolicus为亚洲中部荒漠地区唯一的常绿阔叶灌木,具有较高的保护和园林绿化价值.为了解水杨酸对沙冬青在盐胁迫下的缓解作用,使用水培方法培养沙冬青幼苗,测定其在w=1.3%NaCl胁迫下经不同浓度水杨酸处理后的抗氧化酶活性、PSⅡ光化学效率及其他与植物抗性有关的生理指标的变化.结果表明,0.5 mmol·L~(-1)水杨酸处理下,根和茎叶鲜质量比盐胁迫组分别提高了100%和85%,总叶绿素含量达到盐胁迫组的1.3倍;而1 mmol·L~(-1)水杨酸可使根和茎叶鲜质量均提高90%,总叶绿素含量达到盐胁迫组的1.7倍.这2种浓度的水杨酸均可使叶绿素荧光参数恢复到正常对照水平.水杨酸可以显著增强超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,其中1.0 mmol·L~(-1)水杨酸处理下叶片与根部SOD酶活性分别比盐胁迫组升高了54%和68%;POD酶活性则分别提高了80%和117%,均显著高于对照组与盐胁迫组.同时,水杨酸还抑制了过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性,减少丙二醛积累,从而缓解NaCl对沙冬青的胁迫.但是水杨酸浓度过高(达到2.0 mmol·L~(-1)),沙冬青幼苗生长即受到抑制,各项生理指标均低于单纯盐胁迫下的幼苗.综合各项生理指标,水杨酸1 mmol·L~(-1)的施用效果优于0.5 mmol·L~(-1).     

基于Volterra级数的跨音速非定常气动力建模

为了有效实现跨音速气动伺服弹性的分析与综合,应用Volterra级数理论建立了一种跨音速非定常气动力状态空间建模方法.小扰动假设下的跨音速非定常气动力可以近似地表示为一阶Volterra级数的形式.通过CFD(Computation Fluid Dynamics)技术计算得到由结构变形产生的非定常气动力阶跃响应可辨识出Volterra核,由此得到频域的广义非定常气动力影响系数.利用气动力有理函数拟合,得到气动弹性状态空间模型.为验证气动力建模的有效性,以后掠机翼为例进行颤振计算.结果表明,Volterra级数方法得到的非定常气动力模型能够反映一定的跨音速气动特性,颤振计算与CFD-CSD(CFD-Computation Structure Dynamics)的计算结果吻合很好.      

Effect of removing the common mode errors on linear regression analysis of noise amplitudes in position time series of a regional GPS network & a case study of GPS stations in Southern California

The analysis of the correlations between the noise in different components of GPS stations has positive significance to those trying to obtain more accurate uncertainty of velocity with respect to station motion. Previous research into noise in GPS position time series focused mainly on single component evaluation, which affects the acquisition of precise station positions, the velocity field, and its uncertainty. In this study, before and after removing the common-mode error (CME), we performed one-dimensional linear regression analysis of the noise amplitude vectors in different components of 126?GPS stations with a combination of white noise, flicker noise, and random walking noise in Southern California. The results show that, on the one hand, there are above-moderate degrees of correlation between the white noise amplitude vectors in all components of the stations before and after removal of the CME, while the correlations between flicker noise amplitude vectors in horizontal and vertical components are enhanced from un-correlated to moderately correlated by removing the CME. On the other hand, the significance tests show that, all of the obtained linear regression equations, which represent a unique function of the noise amplitude in any two components, are of practical value after removing the CME. According to the noise amplitude estimates in two components and the linear regression equations, more accurate noise amplitudes can be acquired in the two components.     

弹道导弹中段机动突防制导误差修正方法

针对弹道导弹中段反拦截实时机动突防带来的参数偏差问题,给出了在地球非球形摄动影响下的位置和速度偏差量的计算方法,采用改进的fg级数和预测制导方法获得了机动推力的作用方向及发动机的开启时间,并对再入点误差进行了修正。仿真结果表明,采用该方法可有效地修正因机动突防与地球扁率而引起的再入点参数误差,为末制导系统的工作提供了良...     

基于傅里叶展开的电动力绳系卫星最优控制

电动力绳系卫星的推力幅值较小且方向固定,完成轨道机动任务的周期长,其最优控制问题的求解比较困难.采用在傅里叶空间描述的轨道动力学模型,将控制量电流表示为傅里叶级数的形式,并推导了用傅里叶系数作为参量的椭圆轨道运动的平均轨道根数方程.在此基础上构造了电动力绳系卫星轨道机动的最优控制模型,通过直接配置法将其转化为非线性规划...     

水性涂料用丙烯酸树脂的研究

水性涂料用的丙烯酸树脂主要是丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸及其酯与乙烯系单体如苯乙烯经共聚生成的树脂。本文对其合成影响因素等进行了介绍。     

Effect of condensation agents and minerals for oligopeptide formation under mild and hydrothermal conditions in related to chemical evolution of proteins

The role of condensation agents and minerals for oligopeptide formation was inspected to see whether minerals possess catalytic activity under mild and hydrothermal conditions. Under mild conditions, oligopeptide formation from negatively charged amino acids (Asp and Glu) using different minerals and the elongation of alanine oligopeptides ((Ala)₂–(Ala)₅) were attempted using apatite minerals. Oligo(Asp) up to 10 amino acid units from Asp were observed in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide (EDC). Notable influence of minerals was not detected for the oligo(Asp) formation. Oligo(Asp) was gradually degraded by the further incubation in the presence of EDC in both the absence and presence of minerals. The formation of oligo(Glu) was less efficient in the presence of carbonyldiimidazole. The elongation from (Ala)₃, (Ala)₄, and (Ala)₅ and the formation of diketopiperazine from (Ala)₂ proceeded immediately in the presence of EDC in the meantime of the sample preparations. In addition, it was unexpected that the disappearance of the products and the reformation of the reactants occurred by the further incubation for 24 h; for instance, (Ala)₅ decreased but (Ala)₄ increased with increasing the reaction time in the reaction of (Ala)₄ with EDC. These facts suggest that the activation of the reactant amino acids or peptides immediately occurs. Under the simulated hydrothermal conditions, EDC did not enhance the formation of oligopeptides from Asp, Glu or Ala nor the spontaneous formation of (Ala)₅ from (Ala)₄.     

监视参数预测和故障识别法

将时间序列分析方法应用于航空发动机状态监视与故障诊断中, 采用自回归模型, 对监视参数进行趋势预测。进一步将时序分析与模式识别技术相结合, 通过构造判别函数和用参数相关分析法, 识别发动机典型故障。      

非定常流场分析结果向结构载荷压力场转化问题的解决

在研究前排静子叶片尾流对后排转子叶片振动的影响时．一个很大的难题就是如何将尾流场作用下的转子叶片通道内的非定常流场转化为适于振动响应分析的结构载荷压力场的形式，并引入有限元分析。在本文中，首先将转子叶片通道进口处的尾流参数进行傅立叶分解，然后分别对各阶谐波作用下的转子叶片通道内的非定常流场进行计算，将其叠加，得到整个非定场流场的解。这样，在进行振动谐响应分析时，各阶谐波作用下的载荷压力场实际上就是其对应的各阶非定常压力场。同时，通过一定的简化，把非定常气动分析结果转化为适于ANSYS谐响应分析的加载形式，从而成功地把结构载荷压力场引入了有限元分析。     

支持向量机时间序列预测模型的参数影响分析与自适应优化

建立在统计学习理论和结构风险最小原则上的支持向量机在理论上保证了模型的最大泛化能力,因此与建立在经验风险最小原则上的神经网络模型相比,理论上更为完善.本文运用支持向量机建立时间序列预测模型,研究影响模型预测精度的相关参数,在分析参数对时间序列预测精度的影响基础上,提出用遗传算法建立支持向量机预测模型的参数自适应优化算法.最后,用太阳黑子数据和航空发动机油样光谱数据进行了预测分析.算例表明了本文算法的正确性.