基于模型预测控制的非线性飞行控制系统研究

应用泰勒级数展开方法设计了飞行器六自由度非线性模型预测控制器.通过对控制向量和输出向量的有限泰勒级数展开,确定闭环形式的控制输入.仿真结果表明:该方法能够适应控制项不完全或缺少控制项的病态情况,适当选择控制器的泰勒展开阶数可得到最优的控制结果,所设计的模型预测控制器具有很好的跟踪效果.     

Combining frequency and time domain models to forecast space weather

Space weather series incorporate several distinct components, cycles at multiple frequencies, irregular trends, and nonlinear variability. The cycles are stochastic, i.e., the amplitude varies over time. Similarly, the trend is stochastic: the slope and direction of trending change repeatedly. This study sets out a combined model using both frequency and time domain methods, in two stages. In the first stage, a frequency domain algorithm is estimated and forecasted. In the second stage, the forecast is used as an input in a neural network. The combined model also includes a term enabling the model to react inversely to large deviations between the actual values and forecast. The models are evaluated using two data sets, the hemispheric power data obtained from the Polar Orbiting Environment satellites, and the Aa geomagnetic index. All the series are at a daily resolution. Forecasting experiments are run over horizons of 1–7 days. The models are estimated using a moving window or adaptive approach. The combined model consistently achieves the most accurate results. Among single equation methods, the frequency domain model is more accurate for the geomagnetic index because it is able to capture the underlying cycles more effectively. In the hemispheric power series, the cycles are less pronounced, so that time domain methods are more accurate, except at very short horizons. Nevertheless, in both data sets, the combined model works well because the frequency domain algorithm captures cyclical behavior, while the neural net is better able to capture short-term dependence and trending.     

定位环系列产品的工艺及模具设计

按定位环系列产品外径大小,设计了三种定位环系列产品压制模具结构,不仅结构合理,制造成本低,而且做到了一模多用。     

航材消耗的时间序列分析

本文采用时间序列分析法对某种航材故障率进行预测,用移动平均法消除时间序列的长期趋势和周期变动,然后按月平均法求出季节指数,并对季节指数进行调整,然后根据拟合的趋势方程对此种航材的故障率进行预测.其结果能为航材的可靠性保障提供理论依据.     

基于多小波的Volterra级数非定常气动力建模方法

非定常气动力建模除了要准确描述气动力的非定常特性,还要反映其非线性特性。Volterra级数因为对系统非线性具有很强的描述能力正日益受到重视。一阶Volterra核只能表达线性特性,要建立反映非线性特性的非定常气动力模型,需要引入二阶核甚至更高阶核的影响。高阶Volterra核辨识的主要困难在于待辨识参数的数量随着核阶次的增加而呈指数增加导致计算难度急剧加大,即出现所谓维数灾难问题。以一种分段二次多小波为基函数将Volterra核展开,求解一个高维病态方程组来计算展开系数,利用小波的多分辨分析在时间和频率两个维度的分解特性将方程降维,最终将问题转化为求解一个低维方程组得到稳定解。通过NACA0012翼型在马赫数0.8下作沉浮运动时,升力系数、阻力系数和俯仰力矩系数的二阶核和三阶核的辨识构建非定常气动力模型,然后由此计算不同减缩频率下的气动力并与CFD结果进行比较,验证了Volterra级数对非线性非定常气动力的描述能力和多小波处理方法的有效性。     

容错航空蓄电池电源及其均衡管理

航空蓄电池在实际使用中会出现电池性能衰退与退化速率不一致,电池组容量与使用寿命降低,甚至可能出现严重的安全事故。针对电池单体不一致性和故障隔离问题,提出一种蓄电池电源系统容错体系结构和分级容错控制策略,提出基于电池单体动态重构的主动均衡管理新方法,设计基于"冒泡沉底（BS）择优上岗"的电池单体实时动态重构策略。开发容错航空镍镉电池电源原理样机,给出系统实验性能分析,实验结果表明所提出的系统技术方案可行有效,能够快速隔离故障失效电池单体,明显改善电池不一致性,提高了电池组容量利用率和剩余使用寿命。     

高阶线性比例制导系统脱靶量幂级数解

脱靶量是导弹制导系统设计和评估的重要指标,对于一阶环节线性比例制导系统,可以得到脱靶量的解析解,而对于更接近实际的高阶制导系统一般得不到解析解,通常由直接仿真或伴随仿真获得;研究了高阶线性比例制导系统脱靶量的幂级数解,为脱靶量的解算提供一种新的手段。首先,构造伴随系统,假设伴随系统的解为幂级数与指数函数乘积的形式;然后,利用幂级数法给出了脱靶量的幂级数解的系数递推关系;进一步严格证明了脱靶量幂级数解的收敛性;最后针对一阶环节和高阶二项式环节等特殊制导系统,通过选取适当的指数衰减参数,得到了幂级数解系数简化的递推关系,并且一阶环节制导系统的幂级数解和解析解是一致的。在计算脱靶量时,实际用到的是脱靶量幂级数部分和,而部分和项数的确定依赖于指数衰减参数。因此,还分析了指数衰减参数对幂级数解部分和的收敛速度的影响,并给出了指数衰减参数与部分和项数的选取方法,为幂级数解的应用奠定了基础。     

计算谐振机翼气动力的激波膨胀波级数展开法

本文根据激波-膨胀波理论,忽略了反射波对翼面压强分布的影响,把斜激波之后和通过一族主特征线的压强展成级数,给出了沉浮和俯仰谐振翼型表面压强分布的近似解析解。然后应用片条理论导得三维机翼振动导数的闭式解。文中给出三角形机翼俯仰导数的几个实例,数值结果与现有其它方法的结果有很好的一致性。     

Development of a new cloud model for Venus (MAD-VenLA) using the Modal Aerosol Dynamics approach

For decades, clouds have remained a central open question in understanding the climate system of Venus. We have developed a new microphysical model for the clouds of Venus that we describe in this paper. The model is a modal aerosol dynamical model that treats the formation and evolution of sulfuric acid solution droplets with a moderate computational cost. To this end, the microphysical equations are derived to describe the evolution of the size distribution of the particles using the moments of the distribution. We describe the derivation of the equations and their implementation in the model. We tested each microphysical process of the model separately in conditions of the Venus’ atmosphere and show that the model behaves in a physically sound manner in the tested cases. The model will be coupled in the future with a Venus Global Climate Model and used for elucidating the remaining mysteries.     

二项串联系统可靠性经典方法精确置信限的计算及讨论

本文进一步阐述了用现有的三种不同的排序法计算二项串联系统可靠性经典的精确置信限的方法,指出了M.Lipow和J.Riley在1960年所编制的置信限表所存在的一些问题,介绍了我们所编制的程序具有精确度高且便于推广到多个元件(各元件的试验次数可不相同)的特点,发现了用现有的三种不同的排序法计算精确置信限时所存在的不合理性。我们认为,求解二项串联系统可靠性经典方法的精确置信限问题至今仍然没有解决。