超精密加工中研抛分布力测量方法的探讨

在研磨盘的不同位置打深盲孔,近于贯穿,仅留下薄薄一圆形平膜片,作为抛光法向压力的敏感元件。此圆平膜片半径,厚度由位移敏感元件灵敏度及抛光所容许的外扰（对实际工作状态影响足够小）决定。在此孔中安置光纤位移传感器测量圆平膜片的变形位移,就可解算出抛光时研磨盘的局部压力。信号调制后通过多路遥测装置或电刷滑环等集流器将信号引出。     

Improvement of forebody/inlet integration for hypersonic vehicle

Results of a numerical (CFD) study of the influence of the forebody shape on local flow parameters at a bottom-mounted inlet entrance are presented. The free-stream Mach number is assumed to be 3.5–7.0. Some recommendations on forebody shape optimization are provided. Main characteristics of the air inlet are evaluated.     

双S弯二元排气系统遮挡偏距比对壁温与红外辐射影响的试验研究

为了探究不同遮挡偏距比双S弯排气系统的红外特性,试验研究了遮挡偏距比为55%和100%的双S弯二元排气系统的壁面温度分布和红外辐射特性,并与相应的基准轴对称排气系统进行了对比分析。结果表明：S弯喷管壁温整体要比基准轴对称喷管高约25%,第一S弯下游的上壁面附近存在局部高温区,提高S弯喷管遮挡偏距比后,温度梯度加剧,热应力集中。与基准轴对称排气系统相比,55%和100%遮挡偏距比双S弯二元排气系统均具有突出的红外抑制效果,正尾向（α=0°）红外辐射强度分别降低77.7%和79.3%。从温度和红外辐射强度综合评价,遮挡偏距比并非全遮挡最好,遮挡偏距比从55%提高到100%后,仅能有效抑制上方探测面α=5°和10°的红外辐射,而基本不会改变尾向其他探测方向的红外辐射,在工程设计时应权衡优化损失。     

昆虫级褶皱翼型的滑翔气动特性

为了研究褶皱翼型上、下表面分别对气动力的影响,在弦长雷诺数为1200,攻角为0°~20°时,采用有限体积法研究了褶皱翼型、光滑翼型、上表面光滑的褶皱翼型和下表面光滑的褶皱翼型的滑翔气动特性.结果表明:在一定攻角范围内,褶皱翼型的升力系数较光滑翼型提高了10%;只要翼型下表面是褶皱的,产生的升力总大于下表面是光滑的,下表面褶皱对升力的提高具有更大作用;在大攻角下,光滑的上表面更有利于提高升力;在任何攻角时,上、下表面褶皱对阻力影响很小.      

叶片全三维反问题优化设计方法

基于数值求解Navier-Stokes方程,对叶轮机械叶片全三维反问题优化设计方法进行研究.反问题给定叶片表面的静压分布反求叶型,假设叶表网格点有虚拟移动速度,迭代过程中根据叶表的实际静压和目标静压之差来修改叶型.对单排叶栅进行了反问题设计,并给出了初步的优化算例,结果能很好地满足目标静压分布,验证了该方法的有效性,计算的时间和精度也适合进行工程应用.      

一种航天器空间机动轨道的改进形状设计方法

针对带推力约束的航天器三维空间机动轨道初始设计问题,提出了一种基于傅立叶级数展开的改进形状设计方法。首先,在柱坐标系下建立了航天器运动模型,并将基于傅立叶级数展开的形状方法推广到三维空间的机动轨道初始设计;然后,基于所得到的空间初始机动轨道,采用直接配点法进行了完整三维空间机动轨道的优化设计。仿真结果表明,提出的方法可以为带有任务约束的航天器三维空间机动轨道的优化设计提供更优的初始参数及其解析解,为空间机动轨道设计提供了新的方法。     

Effects of wing flexibility on aerodynamic performance of an aircraft model

The low-speed wind tunnel experiment is carried out on a simplified aircraft model to explore the influence of wing flexibility on the aircraft aerodynamic performance. The investigation involves the measurements of force, membrane deformation and velocity field at Reynolds number of 5.4 × 10⁴–1.1 × 10⁵. In the lift curves, two peaks are observed. The first peak, corresponding to the stall, is sensitive to the wing flexibility much more than the second peak, which nearly keeps constant. For the optimal case, in comparison with the rigid wing model, the delayed stall of nearly 5° is achieved, and the relative lift increment is about 90%. It is revealed that the lift enhanced region corresponds to the larger deformation and stronger vibration, which leads to stronger flow mixing near the flexible wing surface. Thereby, the leading-edge separation is suppressed, and the aerodynamic performance is improved significantly. Furthermore, the effects of sweep angle and Reynolds number on the aerodynamic characteristics of flexible wing are also presented.     

钛合金六角头螺栓头部成形过程的有限元分析

航空用螺栓的头部多样、形状复杂,通常情况下利用镦锻工艺成形。研究采用塑性成形仿真软件,针对Ti-6Al-4V六角头螺栓的头部成形过程进行了有限元模拟,对成形各阶段的应力、应变、温度变化以及材料流动情况进行了分析,同时对成形过程中的缺陷进行了预测,为工艺设计和改进提供了依据。     

Surface Recrystallization in Nickel Base Single Crystal Superalloy DD6

The samples of single crystal superalloy DD6 are grit blasted and then heat treated either with the standard heat treatment procedure or in the temperature range of 1 000-1 250 °C for 4-16 h at vacuum atmosphere, then the recrystallization behavior of DD6 alloy is investigated. The results show that the equiaxed recrystallization grains form in the γ phase region where the as-cast γ′ phases have been dissolved completely, and cellular recrystallization forms in the region where the as-cast γ′ phases have been dissolved partially. The cellular recrystallization area consists of cellular grains, and the cellular grain consists of cubic γ′ phase, lamellar γ′ phase and γ+γ′ The coexistence of the equiaxed recrystallization zones and cellular recrystallization zones is a recrystallized characteristic of the cold worked single crystal samples which are heat treated at a temperature lower than the solution temperature. When the heating temperature is higher than 1 150 °C, with the increase of heat treating temperature, the equiaxed recrystallization zone expands, whereas the cellular recrystallization zone shrinks. All the deformed regions are consumed by equiaxed recrystallization after annealing at solution temperature.