TC4钛合金超声喷丸强化残余应力数值模拟分析

为了探究 TC4 钛合金超声喷丸过程中喷丸参数对残余应力的影响规律,基于 ABAQUS 建立了 TC4 钛合金超声喷丸强化的 3 维有限元模型,分别从超声喷丸模型中振动头振幅、弹丸数量和弹丸直径的变化对 TC4 钛合金表层及亚表层残余应力分布的影响进行了分析。结果表明:随着振动头振幅和弹丸直径的增加,试件表面及亚表面每层残余压应力分布范围及残余压应力值均增大,残余压应力层深度增加;随着弹丸数量的增加,仅能提高每层残余压应力的值,对残余压应力层深度影响较小。     

基于L_1自适应的超低空空投抗侧风控制律设计

针对超低空空投过程中侧风干扰与装备投放过程相耦合,影响载机飞行安全和空投任务的完成等问题,提出了基于L_1自适应的控制律设计方法。利用最优控制对系统线性部分做状态反馈并确定匹配参考模型,在此基础上,考虑系统的匹配和非匹配不确定性,设计L_1自适应控制器实现姿态保持,结合外环PID侧向轨迹控制器实现对航迹的稳定和保持。仿真结果表明,控制器具有优良的控制性能,对复杂侧风干扰和系统非线性不确定性具有很强的鲁棒性,且在高自适应增益下能有效抑制输入信号高频抖振。     

扩散连接界面缺陷对Ti-6Al-4V合金力学性能的影响

研究了φ4mm与φ2mm的扩散连接界面缺陷对Ti-6Al-4V合金力学性能的影响。当拉伸载荷方向与缺陷平面平行时,材料的强度与塑性与无缺陷材料相当,这是由于此类缺陷对样品受力截面的面积几乎没有影响。含有φ4mm缺陷试样的拉压疲劳寿命展现出很大的分散性,界面缺陷并未成为裂纹萌生的唯一位置。从表面起裂的样品均处于高寿命区域,而绝大部分从缺陷处起裂的样品均落于低寿命区域。有限元分析表明,当缺陷位于中心位置时其引起的应力集中较小,应力分布梯度较小;缺陷位于边缘位置时,应力集中效应增大。     

热变形对TC4氩弧拼焊板拉伸与疲劳性能的影响

在700℃下,对TC4氩弧拼焊板进行了3个变形量(主应变0.5％、1.6％、2.7％)的等双向拉伸成形,研究了热变形对TC4氩弧拼焊板单向拉伸性能和疲劳寿命的影响.结果表明:等双拉变形前后,TC4氩弧拼焊板拉伸试样均断裂在焊接热影响区,热影响区的强度低于母材和焊缝.随着等双拉热变形量增加,TC4拼焊板试样疲劳寿命有所增加,这是因为一定变形量的热成形释放了焊接残余应力.     

不同冶炼工艺对1Cr18Ni10Ti钢夹杂物的影响

通过试验研究了1Cr18Ni10Ti不锈钢的4种冶炼工艺:真空感应+电渣重熔、真空感应(陶瓷过滤器)、真空感应(陶瓷过滤器)+电渣重熔、真空感应+真空自耗,得到钢锭中夹杂物的种类、大小以及数量的变化.对比试验结果可知,采用真空感应(陶瓷过滤器)冶炼工艺与真空感应+真空自耗之后的钢锭的夹杂物水平相当,D类夹杂物数量最少,大颗粒夹杂物占比也最小.     

FOD缺口型损伤对TC4疲劳极限强度的影响

针对TC4钛合金风扇/压气机叶片前缘常遭受的外物损伤(FOD)缺口型损伤,进行了不同冲击角度下高速弹道冲击试验研究、损伤特征与应力集中分析,开展了冲击后不处理和冲击后去残余应力退火试样的高循环疲劳试验和疲劳极限强度预测。结果表明:随着冲击角度的增大入射侧损伤尺寸和应力集中系数基本保持不变,出射侧缺口损伤深度和损伤长度减小。损伤深度范围为0.6~1.5mm,应力集中系数范围为2.6~3.4。缺口型损伤试样的疲劳极限强度下降为光滑试样的27%~53%,与应力集中系数并不是呈反比关系。退火试样的高循环疲劳(HCF)性能或略微下降或基本不变,表明残余应力影响较小,残余应力对疲劳极限强度的影响程度不足光滑试样的10%。缺口型损伤试样的HCF性能与损伤底部半径的相关性不明显,随着最大损伤深度和损伤长度的增加而下降,表明制定维修手册时应着重考虑缺口型损伤的最大深度和损伤长度。Peterson经验公式对HCF性能的预测精度不理想,误差最大为45%,需要发展高精度的FOD缺口型损伤构件HCF性能预测方法。      

Balloon altitude studies of southern hemisphere hard X-ray sources by the Imperial College-University of Tasmania-INPE collaboration

Hard X-ray balloon altitude measurements with a 1600 cm² phoswich array are described. Data from observations on Sco X-1, GX1+4, GX5−1, Nova Oph. 1977, SMC X-1, SS433, IC 4329A and MR 2251-178 are presented. The role of Comptonisation in X-ray production for Sco X-1 and GX1+4 is discussed.     

钛合金表面低氧压熔结Al-Si涂层及抗氧化能力

采用低氧压高温快速熔结技术在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面成功地制备出抗高温氧化的Al-Si熔结涂层.与Si改性渗涂层相比,这种工艺相对简单,不需要经过长时间的扩散就能形成足够厚度的Al-Si熔结涂层,省时节能,且涂层中抗氧化元素铝、硅的浓度可通过调整粉末的混合比例来进行控制.X射线检测表明涂层主要由Ti₅Si₃和TiAl₃组成.在923K空气中52h循环氧化试验结果表明:低氧压熔结Al-Si涂层在前10h的氧化过程中氧化增重较快,而在随后的氧化过程中氧化增重较为缓慢,而Si改性渗涂层在氧化过程中一直保持着较高的氧化速率.      

Orbital phase spectroscopy of four high mass X-ray binary pulsars to study the stellar wind of the companion

Our work focuses on a comprehensive orbital phase-dependent spectroscopy of the four High Mass X-ray Binary Pulsars (HMXBPs) 4U 1538-52, GX 301-2, OAO 1657-415 and Vela X-1. We hereby report the measurements of the variation of the absorption column density and iron-line flux along with other spectral parameters over the binary orbit for the above-mentioned HMXBPs in elliptical orbits, as observed with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and the BeppoSAX satellites. A spherically symmetric wind profile was used as a model to compare the observed column density variations. Out of the four pulsars, only in 4U 1538-52, we find the model having a reasonable corroboration with the observations, whereas in the remaining three the stellar wind seems to be clumpy and a smooth symmetric stellar wind model appears to be quite inadequate in explaining the data. Moreover, in GX 301-2, neither the presence of a disk nor a gas stream from the companion was validated. Furthermore, the spectral results obtained in the case of OAO 1657-415 and Vela X-1 were more or less similar to that of GX 301-2.     

New results and questions of lunar exploration from SELENE,Chang’E-1, Chandrayaan-1 and LRO/LCROSS

The moon has longstanding questions such as lunar environments, origin, formation and evolution, magnetization of crustal rocks, internal structure and possible life. The recent lunar missions, e.g., SELenological and ENgineering Explorer “KAGUYA” (SELENE), Chang’E-1, Chandrayaan-1, and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter/Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LRO/LCROSS), have provided new opportunities to explore and understand these issues. In this paper, we reviewed and presented the results and findings in the fields of lunar gravity, magnetic field, atmosphere, surface geomorphology and compositional variations, volcano, craters, internal structure, water and life science from new lunar exploration missions. In addition, the new objectives and scientific questions on lunar explorations in near future are presented and discussed.