Evaluation of the improvement of IRI-2016 over IRI-2012 at the India low-latitude region during the ascending phase of cycle 24

This paper investigated the performance of the latest International Reference Ionosphere model (IRI-2016) over that of IRI-2012 in predicting total electron content (TEC) at three different stations in the Indian region. The data used were Global Positioning System (GPS) data collected during the ascending phase of solar cycle 24 over three low-latitude stations in India namely; Bangalore (13.02°N Geographic latitude, 77.57°E Geographic longitude), Hyderabad (17.25°N Geographic latitude, 78.30°E Geographic longitude) and Surat (21.16°N Geographic latitude, 72.78°E Geographic longitude). Monthly, the seasonal and annual variability of GPS-TEC have been compared with those derived from International Reference Ionosphere IRI-2016 and IRI-2012 with two different options of topside electron density: NeQuick and IRI01-corr. It is observed that both versions of IRI (i.e., IRI-2012 and IRI-2016) predict the GPS-TEC with some deviations, the latest version of IRI (IRI-2016) predicted the TEC similar to those predicted by IRI-2012 for all the seasons at all stations except for morning hours (0500 LT to 1000?LT). This shows that the effect of the updated version is seen only during morning hours and also that there is no change in TEC values by IRI-2016 from those predicted by IRI-2012 for the rest of the time of the day in the Indian low latitude region. The semiannual variations in the daytime maximum values of TEC are clearly observed from both GPS and model-derived TEC values with two peaks around March-April and September-October months of each year. Further, the Correlation of TEC derived by IRI-2016 and IRI-2012 with EUV and F10.7 shows similar results. This shows that the solar input to the IRI-2016 is similar to IRI 2012. There is no significant difference observed in TEC, bottom-side thickness (B0) and shape (B1) parameter predictions by both the versions of the IRI model. However, a clear improvement is visible in hmF2 and NmF2 predictions by IRI-2016 to that by IRI-2012. The SHU-2015 option of the IRI-2016 gives a better prediction of NmF2 for all the months at low latitude station Ahmedabad compare to AMTB 2013.     

0-1线性规划的连续化求解方法

针对0-1线性规划的优化问题,提出一种惩罚函数方法。考虑到0-1线性规划的最优值特征,通过在目标函数中加上惩罚函数,将0-1离散线性规划模型连续化成非线性规划模型,并使用Matlab的Fmincon函数进行求解。经对多个算例的计算,并和其他算法比较,结果表明惩罚函数法的可行性和有效性。将该方法应用于实际的飞机排班问题上,取得比较满意的结果。     

ASTER spectral sensitivity of carbonate rocks – Study in Sultanate of Oman

Remote sensing satellite data plays a vital role and capable in detecting minerals and discriminating rock types for explorations of mineral resources and geological studies. Study of spectral absorption characters of remotely sensed data are under consideration by the exploration and mining companies, and demonstrating the spectral absorption characters of carbonates on the cost-effective multispectral image (rather than the hyperspectral, Lidar image) for easy understanding of all geologists and exploration communities of carbonates is very much important. The present work is an integrated study and an outcome of recently published works on the economic important carbonate rocks, includes limestone, marl, listwaenites and carbonatites occurred in parts of the Sultanate of Oman. It demonstrates the spectral sensitivity of such rocks for simple interpretation over satellite data and describes and distinguishes them based on the absorptions of carbonate minerals in the spectral bands of advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) for mapping and exploration studies. The study results that the ASTER spectral band 8 discriminates the carbonate rocks due to the presence of predominantly occurred carbonate minerals; the ASTER band 5 distinguishes the limestones and marls (more hydroxyl clay minerals) from listwaenite (hydrothermally altered rock) due to the presence of altered minerals and the ASTER band 4 detects carbonatites (ultramafic intrusive alkaline rocks) which contain relatively more silicates. The study on the intensity of the total absorptions against the reflections of these rocks shows that the limestones and marls have low intensity in absorptions (and high reflection values) due to the presence of carbonate minerals (calcite and dolomite) occurred in different proportions. The listwaenites and carbonatites have high intensity of absorptions (low reflection values) due to the occurrence of Mn-oxide in listwaenites and carbonates in carbonatites apart the influence of major carbonate minerals that occurred predominantly in these rocks. The study of ASTER thermal infrared (TIR) spectral bands distinguished the marls have low emissivity of energy due to the presence of hydroxyl bearing alumina-silicate minerals from the other rocks such as limestones, listwaenites and carbonatites which have high emissivity due to the absence of hydroxyl bearing alumina-silicate minerals and the presence of carbonate minerals and carbonates.     

粉末烧结法制备Al/Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95磁致伸缩复合材料

采用粉末烧结法制备了Al/Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95磁致伸缩复合材料,研究了烧结温度对烧结体的显微结构、相组成、磁致伸缩、抗压强度等性能的影响.研究结果表明,600 ℃烧结时,烧结体中仍主要存在Al与GMM合金相,烧结获得较理想的相分布状态.随着烧结温度的增加,复合体中非GMM相越来越多,原始相减少.当1200 ℃烧结时,烧结体中主要存在杂相,已几乎没有GMM相.随着烧结温度的增加,复合材料的λs和抗压强度明显下降,烧结温度为600 ℃时,烧结体的λs和抗压强度最大,分别为405×10-6和61.71MPa.其不足是,复合材料仍呈现明显的脆性特征.     

Behavior of the atomic oxygen 557.7 nm atmospheric emission in the solar cycle 23

We present the results of nightglow observation of the atomic oxygen 557.7 nm line emission in the solar cycle 23. We use the experimental data obtained at Geophysical observatory near Irkutsk (52°N, 103°E), Russia, for the 1997–2006 period. The 557.7 nm emission observations data are compared with atmospheric and solar parameters. We note a difference in correlation coefficients between the 557.7 nm emission intensity and the solar activity indices in different phases of the solar cycle. Airglow observation results are compared with the observational data obtained by other authors.     

Validation of B0 and B1 in the IRI 2001 model at low solar activity for Ilorin an equatorial station

A new set of data obtained at low solar activity from Ilorin, Nigeria (geog. latitude 8.5°N, geog longitude, 4.6°E, dip 4.1°S) is used to validate the IRI 2001 model at low solar activity. The results show in general a good agreement between model and observed B0 at night but an over estimation during daytime. The overestimation is greatest during the morning period (0600LT–1000LT). The model prediction for B1 is fairly good at night and during the day. A dependence of B0 on solar zenith angle χ is observed during the daytime. A formulation of the form B0 = A[cos(χ)ⁿ] is therefore proposed. Values of the constants n and A were determined for the period of low solar activity for this station.     

电离层f_0F_2参数提前24小时预测

利用中国9个垂测站(海口、广州、重庆、拉萨、兰州、北京、乌鲁木齐、长春、满洲里)一个太阳周(1976-1986年)的数据资料,采用三层前向反馈神经网络(BP网络)实现了电离层F2层临界频率(f0F2)参数提前24h预测.通过对f0F2参数的时间序列及其与日地活动之间进行相关分析,确定f(t)(当前时刻f0F2)、经过变换的F10.7指数等5个参数作为神经网络的输入参数,并通过同时段训练法获得不同时刻的预测值,本文与自相关分析法进行了预测性能比较.结果表明,上述方法构建的神经网络可以达到较高的预测精度.针对暴时数据,对神经网络算法进行了改进,提高了神经网络法对暴时数据的适用性.     

涡桨发动机总体性能优化设计

为提高非设计状态下发动机总体性能预估精度,发展了0D/2D耦合总体性能预估方法。针对某型3轴涡轮螺旋桨发动机建立了基于T-MATS平台的涡桨发动机总体性能0D仿真模型。对涡桨发动机可用功分配提出了2种优化方案。对原方案和2种优化方案的自由涡轮、尾喷管2个部件进行了2D流道和叶型设计,通过S_1流面与通流CFD计算验证了所设计部件的气动性能满足发动机总体性能指标要求。为提高非设计状态下发动机总体性能预估精度,采用0D/2D耦合总体性能预估方法分析了3种方案。结果表明:优化方案1使发动机当量耗油率在设计、巡航、地面状态分别降低2.1%、1.2%、2.0%。     

Present status of very high energy gamma ray observations

Recent results from observations of the southern sky objects are summarized. The unpulsed, persistent very high energy (VHE) emission from the gamma ray pulsars, the Crab and PSR1706-44, is discussed. A process of energetic electrons ejection may take place from a variety of other objects such as from X-ray binaries, similarly to the pulsars. Such an effect may be seen also in pair halos around extragalactic VHE gamma ray emitters, the observational study of which is still in a preliminary stage in the southern hemisphere.