Geometric structures of frames of reference and natural language semantics

This article aims at formal specifications of reference systems in spatial cognition. It concentrates on two roles of reference systems connected to spatial language: reference systems resolving ambiguities and reference systems forming a basis for the classification of linguistic terms. Although coordinate systems are often seen as candidates for the geometric structure of reference systems, it is shown here that they do not appear in the explanations that go into the details. An analysis of the German terms vor, hinter, rechts and links (in front of, in back of, right, left) presents an alternative model for the geometric structure of spatial reference systems.     

Performance analysis of PPP ambiguity resolution with UPD products estimated from different scales of reference station networks

Integer ambiguity fixing with uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) products can significantly shorten the initialization time and improve the accuracy of precise point positioning (PPP). Since the tracking arcs of satellites and the behavior of atmospheric biases can be very different for the reference networks with different scales, the qualities of corresponding UPD products may be also various. The purpose of this paper is to comparatively investigate the influence of different scales of reference station networks on UPD estimation and user ambiguity resolution. Three reference station networks with global, wide-area and local scales are used to compute the UPD products and analyze their impact on the PPP-AR. The time-to-first-fix, the unfix rate and the incorrect fix rate of PPP-AR are analyzed. Moreover, in order to further shorten the convergence time for obtaining precise positioning, a modified partial ambiguity resolution (PAR) and corresponding validation strategy are presented. In this PAR method, the ambiguity subset is determined by removing the ambiguity one by one in the order of ascending elevations. Besides, for static positioning mode, a coordinate validation strategy is employed to enhance the reliability of the fixed coordinate. The experiment results show that UPD products computed by smaller station network are more accurate and lead to a better coordinate solution; the PAR method used in this paper can shorten the convergence time and the coordinate validation strategy can improve the availability of high precision positioning.     

基于CFD数值仿真技术的飞行器动导数计算

为了研究表征飞行器动态稳定特性的动导数,结合计算流体力学方法,基于滑移网格技术,采用小幅度强迫振动法和差分法两种非定常方法,推导了俯仰组合动导数以及滚转阻尼导数的计算表达式,并结合多参考系模型采用准定常方法计算滚转阻尼导数。建立了基于计算流体力学技术的飞行器动导数计算方法。对国际动导数标模Finner导弹进行了计算验证。两种非定常方法对俯仰组合动导数的计算误差分别为0.65%、6.13%,对滚转阻尼导数的计算误差分别为2.5%、0.06%。求解滚转阻尼的准定常方法对于滚转阻尼导数的计算误差为2.67%。三种方法的计算结果与风洞试验结果吻合的很好。非定常方法计算精度高,准定常方法可以快捷迅速得到结果。本文的数值方法不仅适用于超声速,同样可以用于亚、跨声速时的动导数计算。     

基于方向投影的堑壕和交通壕自动检测

对航空照片上堑壕和交通壕的判读是野战工事判读中一项重要的内容，对堑壕和交通壕影像的检测是该项判读工作的技术基础。本文提出了航空照片图上的基准点，并给出了基于方向投影基准点的堑壕和交通壕自动检测方法。     

A uniform anthropomorphological approach to the human conception of dimensional relations

Within psycholinguistics, the dimensional conception of space is described through a variety of theoretical constructs, e.g., frames of reference, perspectives, strategies, and patterns. The objective of this paper is to introduce a uniform classification of the alternatives of dimensionally conceiving of object relations, derived from the functional and morphological asymmetries of the human body which define an anthropomorphous Origo, and from our ability to mentally project the Origo into positions and orientations other than we actually occupy. Particularly, the conception of dimensional relations on the first horizontal line is explained through the principle of perceptual accessibility of objects; this allows for the uniform treatment of (almost) all conceptual alternatives from basic psychological principles. Finally, some implications of this anthropomorphological view for the human cognition of dimensional relations are discussed and underpinned with empirical results.     

低功耗CMOS带隙基准电压源的设计

设计了低功耗、高电源抑制比CMOS带隙基准电压发生器电路。其设计特点是采用了共源共栅电流镜 ,运放的输出作为驱动的同时还作为自身的偏置电路 ;使用CSMC标准 0 6 μm双层多晶硅n -wellCMOS工艺混频信号模型 ,利用Cadence的Spectre工具对其仿真 ,结果显示当温度和电源电压变化范围为 - 5 0℃～ 15 0℃和4 5V～ 5 5V时输出基准电压变化小于 1 6mV和 0 13mV ;低频电源抑制比达到 75dB。电路在 5V电源电压下工作电流小于 10 μA。该电路适用于对功耗要求低、稳定度要求高的集成温度传感器电路中     

Gamma astrometric measurement experiment (GAME) – Science case

We report here on the science case of a concept for a satellite orbiting at 1 AU from the Sun and using a baffled Fizeau interferometer to look as close as possible to its limb. This configuration, and the need for looking nearby the Sun, is required for the main scientific driver of the mission, namely the measure of the γ parameter of the Parameterized Post-Newtonian formulation to the 10⁻⁶–10⁻⁷ level at least. This would lead to an accurate test of the General Theory of Relativity against other alternative theories of gravity, and set stringent constraints on some of the most significant issues of Astrophysics like those involving exotic forms of dark matter and dark energy. Exploiting the possibilities offered by the observation strategy, it is also possible to target other interesting scientific goals. One is, again, in the realm of General Relativity and aims at measuring the light deflection nearby the Giant Planets to detect asymmetric effects induced by their quadrupoles, predicted by GR but never measured so far. Others can be found in the observation of selected extrasolar systems where, e.g., the astrometric and photometric capabilities of GAME will help to improve on the knowledge of the brown-dwarf regime and on the search for exo-planets with the transit method, respectively.     

改进参考模型的涡扇发动机多变量模型参考自适应控制

针对涡扇发动机难以获得精确数学模型和普通模型参考自适应控制不保证动态性能的问题,提出了一种具有改进参考模型的涡扇发动机多变量模型参考自适应控制方法。采用状态反馈形式设计了状态跟踪的多变量自适应控制器,其中对参考模型作了引入跟踪误差反馈的改进,使得高自适应增益下跟踪曲线的超调得到明显的抑制,动态响应得到改善。应用该方法对涡扇发动机非线性部件级模型进行仿真分析,结果表明,控制系统调节时间小于2s,无稳态误差,具有良好的控制品质。     

感应电动机磁链观测与参数在线辨识方法研究

针对感应电动机在矢量控制过程中存在的转子磁链定向不准确的问题,解释了磁链观测误差的原因,重点研究了电机参数的在线辨识方法。提出了基于模型参考自适应系统的感应电动机磁链观测与参数在线辨识方法。基于波波夫超稳定性定理,设计了转子时间常数与励磁互感的双参数自适应律。该方法以电压模型磁链观测器作为参考模型,在线辨识出电流模型磁链观测器所需的参数,使磁链观测结果具有收敛性和鲁棒性,从而避免了电机参数测量不准确与容易变化对磁链定向造成的不良影响。仿真结果表明该方法具有实时性与可行性。