基于视频图像序列的3-D场景生成方法

平面序列图像的立体化表述和任意视点成生是实现３－Ｄ场景的关键技术。利用便携式摄像机沿着不同运动轨迹,连续对目标物体进行拍摄,可获得不同层次的包含有双目视差深度的平面视点序列图像。从获取的序列图像中选择不同的视点,即选择参考帧,利用与参考帧相邻的帧图像,估计参考帧位置的深度信息。采用自适应匹配算法,将各种层次的深度信息分配给图像的不同区域,形成具有不同深度层次的图像深度表示图,建立３－Ｄ观察场景。最     

基于中值滤波和参考点的风洞压敏涂料试验图像处理技术

提出了一种结合图像中值滤波和试件参考点的风洞压敏涂料（PSP）试验图像数据处理方法。与通常用校准箱获取校准曲线进而得到PSP试验试件表面压力或压力系数（Cp）的方法不同，该方法通过空心中值滤波技术恢复PSP光强比图像中测压孔处的光强比数据，结合若干参考点处常规测压技术实测所得Cp值，获得Cp值和PSP图像光强比数据的关系曲线，进而得到整个试件表面的Cp值数据，该方法获得的数据结合了风洞试验诸多因素对试验结果的影响。利用MATLAB对PSP技术试验图像数据进行了处理，并将PSP方法获得的Cp值与常规测压方法获得的Cp值进行了比较，得到的结果显示，笔者采用的方法获得的Cp值与常规测压方法获得的Cp值吻合较好。该方法为PSP图像数据的处理提供了一种新的方法，具有较大的发展潜力和应用价值。     

Estimation of foF2 variations using round-the-world sounding data

An estimation of the F2 ionospheric region critical frequency (foF2) variations using analysis of round-the-world radio sounding data has been made. Experimental data obtained by the Russian chirp-sounders network have been used. For the first time, using experimental data and numerical simulation, the quantitative dependency between the minimum foF2 magnitudes over round-the-world propagation paths and round-the-world maximum usable frequencies has been obtained.     

Inner Attitude Integration Algorithm Based on Fault Detection for Strapdown Inertial Attitude and Heading Reference System

This article proposes a new inner attitude integration algorithm to improve attitude accuracy of the strapdown inertial attitude and heading reference system(SIAHRS), which, by means of a Kalman filter, integrates the calculated attitude from the accelerometers in inertial measuring unit(IMU), called damping attitudes, with those from the conventional IMU. As vehicle's acceleration could produce damping attitude errors, the horizontal outputs from accelerometers are firstly used to judge the vehicle's motion so as to determine whether the damping attitudes could be reasonably applied. This article also analyzes the limitation of this approach. Furthermore, it suggests a residual chi-square test to judge the validity of damping attitude measurement in real time, and accordingly puts forward proper information fusion strategy. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved through the experiments on a real system in dynamic and static states.     

飞行器自适应控制参考模型建立方法研究

针对模型参考自适应控制中参考模型的建立问题,探讨了三种模型设计方法:经典控制设计、最优化控制设计和利用Wonham可控标准型设计,并通过仿真算例比较了三种方法在飞行品质、飞机特性、匹配性和算法性能上的优劣,为模型参考自适应控制系统中参考模型的建立提供了理论依据.     

Children's control of reference systems in spatial tasks: Foundations of spatial cognitive skill?

Two experiments are presented, one that focused on the abilities of 3- through 8-year-old children to use frames of reference as means for solving a search task in a small-scale perceived space and one that focused on the abilities of 8- through 11-year-old children to use different frames of reference to answer questions about the locations of objects in an environment they had read about. Experiment 1 revealed developmental improvement in the consistent application of object-, place-, and viewer-based frames of reference, with scale of space impacting the pattern of age-related improvement. Experiment 2 showed that young readers' first successes with switching from one reference system to another in representational space involved a vantage point perspective, a viewer-based ``gaze tour' of a small-scale area. Although disparate in focus and method, the studies point to the need for a new theoretical framework for examining developmental issues in the application of spatial frames of reference.     

一种高超声速飞行器的鲁棒解耦控制方法

高超飞行器的再入非线性动力学模型具有参数不确定性和外部干扰,针对这种情况基于奇异摄动理论提出了鲁棒内环外环解耦控制方案.控制系统的外环基于自适应模型参考设计简单解析的虚拟控制律,实现二阶模型动态跟踪气流系角,抑制三通道运动耦合和干扰的影响,避免了在线实时求逆计算.强耦合的内环采用动态逆跟踪虚拟的角速度指令,期望动力学采用PI形式抑制干扰和不确定性,并基于模型预测控制策略解决辅助轨迹线性化的时变控制器设计和输入约束,提高内环的鲁棒跟踪性能.最后,通过仿真验证了所提算法的有效性.     

A methodology to support strategic decisions in future human space exploration: From scenario definition to building blocks assessment

The human exploration of multiple deep space destinations (e.g. Cis-Lunar, NEAs), in view of the final challenge of sending astronauts to Mars, represents a current and consistent study domain especially in terms of its possible scenarios and mission architectures assessments, as proved by the numerous on-going activities about this topic and moreover by the global exploration roadmap. After exploring and analysing different possible solutions to identify the most flexible path, a detailed characterisation of several Design Reference Missions (DRMs) represents a necessity in order to evaluate the feasibility and affordability of deep space exploration missions, specifically in terms of enabling technological capabilities.The study presented in this paper was aimed at defining an evolutionary scenario for deep space exploration in the next 30 years with the final goal of sending astronauts on the surface of Mars by the end of 2030 decade. Different destinations were considered as targets to build the human exploration scenario, with particular attention to Earth–Moon Lagrangian points, NEA and Moon. For all the destinations selected as part of the exploration scenario, the assessment and characterisation of the relative Design Reference Missions were performed. Specifically they were defined in terms of strategies, architectures and mission elements. All the analyses were based on a pure technical approach with the objective of evaluating the feasibility of a long term strategy for capabilities achievement and technological development to enable future space exploration.This paper describes the process that was followed within the study, focusing on the adopted methodology, and reports the major obtained results, in terms of scenario and mission analysis.     

Verb Semantics Affects the Interpretation of Spatial Prepositions

Abstract

Spatial prepositions, more specifically projective prepositions, such as in front of or behind can be interpreted in different ways. Their interpretation depends on the spatial perspective taken as the basis for determining the reference frame's orientation. In 3 series of placement experiments with German speakers, we examined whether the interpretation of projective prepositions in a motion context is affected by the verb used in a spatial instruction. Results suggest that verb semantics is a factor accounting for previously observed seemingly social-situational differences in the interpretation of projective prepositions. Specifically, the findings indicate that, relative to a car as reference object, the semantic aspect of motion interruption associated with some verbs leads to a higher proportion of deictic interpretations determined by the direction from which one is approaching the car. This verb effect on the interpretation of spatial prepositions can be explained by an activation of the temporal dimension through stop-implying verbs, which is integrated into the spatial situation model of the perceived dynamic scene making the deictic frame of reference more compatible. The experimental evidence also shows that verb semantics can account for previously unexplained cross-linguistic differences, and is related to patterns concerning the prepositional inventory of languages.