应用GPS载波确定载体姿态

本文简述了利用GPS载波相位技术进行载体姿态确定的原理，比较了目前已有的多种整周模糊度求解算法，选用最小二乘法进行了载体定姿实践，减少了备选整周模糊度的组合数，并采用多种约束信息来剔除不正确的模糊度组合，结合实验，指出了载体姿态变化和整周模糊度搜索速度的关系，提出了一种模糊度确定的辅助方法，并给出了应用算例。     

Real-time clock comparison and monitoring with multi-GNSS precise point positioning: GPS,GLONASS and Galileo

The precise point positioning (PPP) technique is widely used in time and frequency applications. Because of the real-time service (RTS) project of the International GNSS Service, we can use the PPP technique for real-time clock comparison and monitoring. As a participant in the RTS, the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) implements the PPPWIZARD (Precise Point Positioning with Integer and Zero-difference Ambiguity Resolution Demonstrator) project to validate carrier phase ambiguity resolution. Unlike the Integer-PPP (IPPP) of the CNES, fixing ambiguities in the post-processing mode, the PPPWIZARD operates in the real-time mode, which is also called real-time IPPP (RT-IPPP). This paper focuses on applying the RT-IPPP for real-time clock comparison and monitoring. We review the principle of real-time clock comparison and monitoring, and introduce the methodology of the RT-IPPP technique. The observations of GPS, GLONASS and Galileo were processed for the experiments. Five processing modes were provided in the experiment to analyze the benefits of ambiguity resolution and multi-GNSS. In the clock comparison experiment, the average reduction ratios of standard deviations with respect to the G PPP mode range from 9.7% to 35.0%. In the clock monitoring experiment, G PPP mode can detect clock jumps whose magnitudes are larger than 0.9 ns. The RT-IPPP technique with GRE PPP AR (G) mode allows for the detection of any clock jumps larger than 0.6 ns. For frequency monitoring, G PPP mode allows detection of frequency changes larger than 1.1 × 10⁻¹⁴. When the RT-IPPP technique is applied, monitoring with GRE PPP AR (G) mode can detect frequency changes larger than 6.1 × 10⁻¹⁵.     

基于PNFM-LFM复合调制的探测干扰共享波形设计

针对雷达-电子战一体化共享信号波形的设计需求,提出一种伪码噪声调频与线性调频复合调制的探测干扰共享波形。在伪码序列的伪随机性和规律性上,通过理论推导和仿真实验,分析并验证了该探测干扰共享波形具有良好的模糊函数以及线性可控的频谱特征,有效通带内干扰功率利用率平均可达38%;通过探测干扰共享信号的相关信号处理,本地接收机能够成功地对信噪比不低于-27 dB的回波信号进行检测,且改善因子可达30 dB。     

Instantaneous BeiDou–GPS attitude determination: A performance analysis

The advent of modernized and new global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) has enhanced the availability of satellite based positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) solutions. Specifically, it increases redundancy and yields operational back-up or independence in case of failure or unavailability of one system. Among existing GNSS, the Chinese BeiDou system (BDS) is being developed and will consist of geostationary (GEO) satellites, inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites, and medium-Earth-orbit (MEO) satellites. In this contribution, a BeiDou–GPS robustness analysis is carried out for instantaneous, unaided attitude determination.     

多尺度大视场十亿像素成像技术

十亿像素相机可以获取信息量较大的图像,在天文观测、航空航天遥感等领域具有广泛的应用前景。受探测器和光学设计水平的限制,传统的大视场十亿像素成像通过小视场相机扫描和图像拼接实现。为解决传统十亿像素相机实时性不高的问题,文章研究一种新型多尺度大视场十亿像素成像技术,从实现十亿像素成像的条件出发,阐述该技术的原理、优势及应用领域;分析系统独特的技术指标,包括物理锥角、重叠率等,梳理和归纳新型多尺度大视场十亿像素成像系统走向实用化过程中必须克服的关键技术。研究结果表明,该技术可在不提高系统复杂性的情况下大幅提高监视实时性。     

利用脉组间频率步进信号合成UWB距离像及类MUSIC法对速度的高分辨估计(英文)

提出一种称为类多信号分类(CMUSIC)的方法,其利用脉组间频率步进信号,在具有M个脉冲的脉冲串(子带,即窄带)中高分辨估计径向速度。利用此速度估计值补偿距离-多普勒耦合和多普勒色散后,对跨子带进行快速傅里叶变换则可获得合成超宽带高分辨距离像。和其他方法相比,CMUSIC在低信噪比时具有较好的速度估计性能。当M大于具有不同径向速度的目标个数Q时,该方法在小M值下依然有优越的速度估计性能。此外,经过径向速度解模糊后,该方法适应高径向速度运动的目标。随着国防技术的突飞猛进地发展以及高速先进飞行器的涌现,这具有重要的实际价值。仿真结果验证了该方法的可行及有效性。     

GNSS多频观测对定姿精度的影响分析

针对单历元定姿的精度问题,对多频双差观测模型下的定姿精度进行了理论推导,分析了影响定姿精度的各种因素,并着重研究了GPS和Galileo系统下多频观测值对定姿精度的改善程度。理论分析和仿真实验均表明．相比于单频定姿,多频观测可以显著提高定姿精度。     

宽带信号多通道干涉仪测向解模糊方法研究

针对基于子频带分解的宽带信号干涉法测向中通道间相位差的模糊问题,提出了一种简单的解模糊方法,该方法运算量小且正确解模糊对信噪比要求低。仿真结果表明了结论的正确性。     

跨超声速风洞大开角段设计技术研究

跨超声速风洞大开角段设计技术研究对于提高大开角段的安全性能与改进稳定段入口气流质量有着重大意义.由于影响大开角段性能的参数较多,完全通过试验方法进行设计的成本过高.本文通过数值模拟方法,结合适当的边界条件,对不同参数的大开角段进行了模拟,从数值模拟的结果可以看到,孔板开孔率和扩开角对大开角段性能有显著影响,通过比较得出了较为合理的参数匹配.这表明本文所用的方法用于大开角段气动设计是可行的,这为数值模拟方法应用于风洞部段气动设计创造了一定的条件.     

基于CDMA蜂窝网的飞行器三维定位算法

针对中低空飞行器提出了一种将码分多址(CDMA)蜂窝网导频信号被动定位与惯性导航系统进行组合的导航定位方法。该定位方法是根据CDMA蜂窝网导频信号的到达时差（TDOA）进行两次加权最小二乘解算,并利用飞行器惯性组合的原始信息进行解模糊,从而实现中低空飞行器的三维实时定位。蒙特卡罗仿真证明：在高斯白噪声条件下,该算法运算速度快,精度高,其均方误差逼近克拉美罗下界（CRLB）,为组合导航实时性要求提供了理论参考。