Optimization of aerodynamic efficiency for twist morphing MAV wing

Twist morphing(TM) is a practical control technique in micro air vehicle(MAV) flight.However, TM wing has a lower aerodynamic efficiency(CL/CD) compared to membrane and rigid wing. This is due to massive drag penalty created on TM wing, which had overwhelmed the successive increase in its lift generation. Therefore, further CL/CDmaxoptimization on TM wing is needed to obtain the optimal condition for the morphing wing configuration. In this paper, two-way fluid–structure interaction(FSI) simulation and wind tunnel testing method are used to solve and study the basic wing aerodynamic performance over(non-optimal) TM, membrane and rigid wings. Then,a multifidelity data metamodel based design optimization(MBDO) process is adopted based on the Ansys-DesignXplorer frameworks. In the adaptive MBDO process, Kriging metamodel is used to construct the final multifidelity CL/CDresponses by utilizing 23 multi-fidelity sample points from the FSI simulation and experimental data. The optimization results show that the optimal TM wing configuration is able to produce better CL/CDmaxmagnitude by at least 2% than the non-optimal TM wings. The flow structure formation reveals that low TV strength on the optimal TM wing induces low CDgeneration which in turn improves its overall CL/CDmaxperformance.     

基于自由尾迹和升力面方法的双旋翼悬停气动干扰计算

建立了一个同时适合于共轴式、横列式及纵列式直升机双旋翼气动干扰分析的计算方法。在该方法中,为更好地模拟气动干扰特性及桨尖三维效应,桨叶模型采用了升力面/涡格法,尾迹则使用畸变的自由尾迹模型。通过旋翼下洗速度的计算值与可得到的实验值对比,验证了计算方法的有效性。应用该方法,以横列、共轴、纵列式双旋翼为例,分别计算了悬停状态双旋翼的尾迹特性及诱导速度变化,给出了部分尾迹边界,并对计算结果进行了分析。最后,给出了几点结论。     

月球车刚性车轮与土壤相互作用的力学模型与测试

基于车辆地面力学中土壤的承压、剪切特性以及土力学中被动土压力理论,建立了月球车刚性车轮在松软土壤上前进和转向的轮地作用力学模型;通过数值计算,分析了土壤参数变化及车轮运动滑转率变化对挂钩牵引力、驱动力矩和转向力矩的影响;设计了一套车轮性能参数测试系统,对所设计的一种刚性车轮在松软土壤上运动的力学特性进行了初步的实验测试,并与所建立的力学模型进行了验证分析.      

进口探针支杆尾迹诱发压气机转子叶片共振的数值研究

为了探究包含支杆直径10mm进口探针的压气机罕见地出现第一级转子叶片动应变超限报警的产生机理,以更换直径8mm+3mm的探针后报警解除的情况作为对比方案,开展了进口探针支杆诱发压气机转子叶片振动的流动机理研究.以试验压气机为研究对象,利用ANSYS APDL命令流语言使用载荷步文件法对该压气机转子叶片进行了单向瞬态流固...     

From the Solar Wind to the Magnetospheric Substorm

This paper gives a brief outline of the progression from the first substorm model developed in Ref.[4] and
[8] based on Kennel's ideas[3], to the present views about the mechanism by which solar wind kinetic energy is converted to electromagnetic energy at the Bow Shock and by which this energy is transferred to the magnetosphere in the form of current; about the transformation of the energy of this current to gas kinetic energy of convecting plasma tubes, and, finally, the back transformation of gas kinetic energy to electromagnetic energy in secondary magnetospheric MHD generators. The questions of the formation of the magnetospheric convection system, the nature of substorm break-up, and of the matching of currents in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system are discussed.     

跨声叶栅角区激波/附面层干扰的开槽控制措施

提出了使用叶根槽作为一种被动控制手段来控制跨声叶栅的角区分离问题.在压力面与吸力面的压差作用下,叶根槽可产生自发射流,为叶栅吸力面侧角区注入高能流体,从而控制跨声叶栅的角区分离问题.通过数值模拟的方法分析了在不同攻角下叶根槽对压气机叶栅性能的影响及作用机理.结果 表明:在小攻角下,叶根槽射流可破坏角区环形涡,从而有效减...     

Thermal stability improvement of sprayable fast-responding pressure-sensitive paint for measurement above 100 °C

The thermal stability of sprayable fast-responding Pressure-Sensitive Paint (fast PSP) was investigated to explore the possibility for application in turbomachinery and hypersonic research with temperature above 100 °C. The first part of the study focused on a widely-used Polymer Ceramic PSP (PC-PSP). The effects of thermal degradation on its key sensing properties, including luminescent intensity, pressure sensitivity and response time, were examined for a temperature range from 60 to 100 °C. Severe degradation in intensity and pressure sensitivity was found as temperature reached 70 °C or higher, which would cause failure of PSP application in these conditions. Subsequently, a fast-responding Mesoporous-Particle PSP (MP-PSP) was developed which did not show degradation effects until 140 °C. The greatly improved thermal stability of MP-PSP was attributed to: selection of polymer with higher glass transition temperature (polystyrene) to delay the saturation effect of oxygen quenching as temperature increased; porous and hollow structure of particles for luminophore deposition that minimizes polymer–luminophore interaction. This new paint formulation has significantly raised the upper temperature limit of fast PSP and offers more opportunities for applications in harsh environment.     

Transitional wave configurations between Type III and Type IV oblique-shock/bow-shock interactions

The interactions of oblique/bow shock waves are the key flow phenomena restricting the design and aerothermodynamic performance of high-speed vehicles. Type III and Type IV Shock/Shock Interactions(SSIs) have been extensively investigated, as such interactions can induce abnormal aerodynamic heating problems in hypersonic flows of vehicles. The transition process between these two distinct types of shock/shock interactions remains unclear. In the present study, a subclass of shock/shock interaction configuration is revealed and defined as Type IIIa. Type IIIa interaction can induce much more severe aerodynamic heating than a Type IV interaction which was ever reported to be the most serious in literature. The intense aerodynamic heating observed in this configuration highlights a new design point for the thermal protection system of hypersonic vehicles. A secondary Mach interaction between shock waves in the supersonic flow path of a Type III configuration is demonstrated to be the primary mechanism for such a subclass of shock/shock interaction configuration.     

基于数字孪生的航班链延误动态预测模型

针对复杂多变的航班运行环境，提出一种基于数字孪生的航班链延误动态预测模型，以改善传统预测方法的精度及自适应性。模型基于数字孪生航班链系统构建，采用滑动窗口下的多通道特征建模完成单元级航班延误预测，并提出一种混合优化策略进行模型参数的动态优化，最后通过孪生数据驱动的链式分析方法实现了全航班链的延误分析与修正。采用国内航班数据进行实验，得到在各个窗口下的航班延误平均绝对误差（Mean absolute error, MAE）为11.79 min，低于其他基线模型和静态模型；且引入孪生数据驱动分析和修正后，紧随其后的航班预测误差比此前进一步降低了6.44%。结果表明，模型有利于数字孪生航班链系统实现虚实交互，并具有优良的预测精度和自适应性。     

Bayesian uncertainty analysis of SA turbulence model for supersonic jet interaction simulations

The Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) models are still the workhorse in current engineering applications due to its high efficiency and robustness. However, the closure coefficients of RANS turbulence models are determined by model builders according to some simple fundamental flows, and the suggested values may not be applicable to complex flows, especially supersonic jet interaction flow. In this work, the Bayesian method is employed to recalibrate the closure coefficients of Spalart-Allma...