考虑减摆器非线性特性的前起落架摆振分析

飞机的前起落架摆振通常在飞机起飞或降落滑跑的过程中发生，对飞机的稳定性和操纵性产生危害，是一种严重的飞机故障。针对某型号无人机，基于动量矩定理，建立考虑起落架侧弯、扭转的摆振数学模型，讨论使用传统油液阻尼减摆器和电磁阻尼减摆器时不同的动力学模型。对于传统油液阻尼减摆器，采用等效线性模型，得到摆振临界稳定阻尼曲线的上下边界；而对于电磁阻尼减摆器的非线性模型，使用分岔分析理论确定系统的摆振稳定区域。结果表明：过大的减摆阻尼对摆振无法起到抑制的作用，得到控制参数平面上摆振的稳定区域，可为后续的起落架减摆设计提供参考。     

RESEARCH ON DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOR AND DESIGN OF CONTROL PARAMETER FOR NONLINEAR MAGNETIC-CONTROL SYSTEM

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波音737NG飞机后机身涡流发生器断裂分析

介绍了X航波音737NG飞机后机身涡流发生器频繁发生的断裂以及在役丢失状况,并从涡流发生器的运行环境和安装参数等方面着手,对其断裂的原因和预防措施进行探讨。     

Experimental study of entrainment phenomenon in a trapped vortex combustor

Trapped vortex combustor (TVC) is an advanced low-pollution gas turbine combustor, with the adoption of staged combustion technique. To achieve low-pollutant emission and better combustion performance, the proportion of the air flow in each combustion zone should be precisely determined in the design of the combustor. Due to the presence of entrainment phenomenon, the total air flow in the cavity zone is difficult to estimate. To overcome the measurement difficulty, this study adopts the indirect measurement approach in the experimental research of entrainment phenomenon in the cavity. In accordance with the measurement principle, a TVC model fueled by methane is designed. Under two experimental conditions, i.e. with and without direct air intake in the cavity, the influence of the mainstream air flow velocity, the air intake velocity in the cavity, the height of inlet channel, the structure of holder and the structural proportion of the cavity on entrainment in the cavity is studied, respectively, through experiment at atmospheric temperature and pressure. The results suggest that the air flow velocity of mainstream, the air intake velocity of the cavity and the structure of the holder exert significant influence on the air entrainment, while the influence of structural proportion of the cavity is comparatively insignificant. The square root of momentum ratio of cavity air to mainstream air could be used to analyze the correlation of the entrainment data.     

Subsonic impulsively starting flow at a high angle of attack with shock wave and vortex interaction

Impulsively starting flow, by a sudden attainment of a large angle of attack, has been well studied for incompressible and supersonic flows, but less studied for subsonic flow. Recently, a preliminary numerical study for subsonic starting flow at a high angle of attack displays an advance of stall around a Mach number of 0.5, when compared to other Mach numbers. To see what happens in this special case, we conduct here in this paper a further study for this case, to display and analyze the full flow structures. We find that for a Mach number around 0.5, a local supersonic flow region repeatedly splits and merges, and a pair of left-going and right-going unsteady shock waves are embedded inside the leading edge vortex once it is sufficiently grown up and detached from the leading edge. The flow evolution during the formation of shock waves is displayed in detail. The reason for the formation of these shock waves is explained here using the Laval nozzle flow theory. The existence of this shock pair inside the vortex, for a Mach number only close to 0.5, may help the growing of the trailing edge vortex responsible for the advance of stall observed previously.     

GH2／GO2涡流冷却推力室设计与数值计算

涡流冷却是一种新型液体火箭发动机推力室冷却技术。采用该技术可以简化推力室结构、降低成本,并可提高系统可靠性。对涡流冷却推力室进行了初步设计,并采用PDF非预混燃烧模型和DO辐射模型对所设计的推力室进行了数值仿真。根据计算结果：推力室内部形成了双向涡流;推力室圆筒段壁面温度低于760K;在考虑辐射条件下,推力室圆筒段壁面温度平均升高约140K,最高温度低于900K;涡流冷却技术是可行的,但目前存在燃烧效率相对较低的问题。     

周向局部处理机匣对压气机影响的数值研究

为了分析周向非均匀处理槽对压气机的影响,对一台单级跨声速轴流压气机进行了周向局部处理机匣与全周处理机匣的非定常数值研究.结果显示,具有相同处理槽数的周向局部处理机匣比全周处理机匣能获得更好的压气机性能.由于处理槽的周向非均匀性,前者给叶尖流场产生大尺度的周向非均匀特征,因而能提供后者所不具备的低频非定常作用.此外,提供了高、低频两种非定常作用的周向局部处理机匣能够同时改善叶尖泄漏涡与尾缘分离涡.      

基于LDV技术的螺旋桨尾涡测试

对螺旋桨尾流场LDV（Laser Doppler Velocimeter）测试数据进行了详细的分析,比较了均匀来流下螺旋桨尾流中两个横断面上的流动信息,以及同一横断面上不同半径处轴向、径向速度沿周向的分布,试验数据不仅显示了尾流场宏观流动现象,而且也清晰的显示了诸如在周向仅有8°跨越的速度突变等微观流动信息,数据分析显示试验结果与理论分析比较吻合。试验所获得的定量信息可以为尾流场复杂流动现象的揭示、螺旋桨非定常性能的预报以及螺旋桨设计提供参考。     

驻涡燃烧室凹腔流场结构实验

驻涡燃烧室采用凹腔结构稳定火焰,研究凹腔内不同燃料与空气喷射情况下的流场结构非常重要。采用粒子成像测速仪(PIV)测量了驻涡燃烧室凹腔在不同主流速度下的流场,并对比分析了凹腔进气结构分别为不开冷却缝及油气渗混孔、开冷却缝不开油气渗混孔、开冷却缝和后体油气渗混孔、开冷却缝和前体油气渗混孔时的流场结构。研究结果表明,不同主流速度下所设计的不同凹腔进气结构均能在腔内形成稳定的涡,冷却缝对流场的影响较小,凹腔油气掺混孔在开孔截面上对流场及涡核中心位置的影响较大。     

可压流条件下凹腔驻涡流动试验

针对几何因素和气动因素对凹腔驻涡流动的影响进行了研究.试验研究了改变凹腔的高长比、射流孔位置和主流进气角度等对凹腔驻涡流动的影响,研究了改变主次流进口流速等气动因素对凹腔流动的影响.总压损失采用总压探针测量,速度场采用粒子图像测速仪(PIV)测量.试验结果表明:①两股射流在中部和底部喷射时均能产生大尺度涡结构,在中部喷射时产生一对旋向相反的涡对,在底部喷射时产生单涡.②在中部喷射情况下,增加主流马赫数和主流进气角度,凹腔上部空间的涡度增强.③主流进口马赫数增加,试验件的总压损失显著增加.