航天器非平稳振动环境TVAR时频分析(英文)

Predicting the time-varying auto-spectral density of a spacecraft in high-altitude orbits requires an accurate model for the non-stationary random vibration signals with densely spaced modal frequency. The traditional time-varying algorithm limits prediction accuracy, thus affecting a number of operational decisions. To solve this problem, a time-varying auto regressive （TVAR） model based on the process neural network （PNN） and the empirical mode decomposition （EMD） is proposed. The time-varying system is tracked on-line by establishing a time-varying parameter model, and then the relevant parameter spectrum is obtained. Firstly, the EMD method is utilized to decompose the signal into several intrinsic mode functions （IMFs）. Then for each IMF, the PNN is established and the time-varying auto-spectral density is obtained. Finally, the time-frequency distribution of the signals can be reconstructed by linear superposition. The simulation and the analytical results from an example demonstrate that this approach possesses simplicity, effectiveness, and feasibility, as well as higher frequency resolution.     

Multi Objective Robust Active Vibration Control for Flexure Jointed Struts of Stewart Platforms via H∞ and μ Synthesis

Active vibration control is needed for future space telescopes, space laser communication and other precision sensitive payloads which require ultra-quiet environments. A Stewart platform based hybrid isolator with 6 hybrid struts is the effective system for active/passive vibration isolation over 5-250 Hz band. Using an identification transfer matrix of the Stewart platform, the coupling analysis of six channels is provided. A dynamics model is derived, and the rigid mode is removed to keep the signal of pointing control. Multi objective robust H∞ and μ synthesis strategies, based on singular values and structured singular values respectively, are presented, which simultaneously satisfy the low frequency pointing and high frequency disturbance rejection requirements and take account of the model uncertainty, parametric uncertainty and sensor noise. Then, by performing robust stability test, it is shown that the two controllers are robust to the uncertainties, the robust stability margin of H, controller is less than that of μ controller, but the order of μ controller is higher than that of H, controller, so the balanced controller reduction is provided. Additionally, the μ controller is compared with a PI controller. The time domain simulation of the μ controller indicates that the two robust control strategies are effective for keeping the pointing command and isolating the harmonic and stochastic disturbances.     

一种可靠性试验实测振动数据的处理方法

针对传统实测振动数据归纳方法只能处理正态分布数据的问题,引入选择约翰逊曲线的方法,采用约翰逊曲线对非正态情形的实测振动数据进行拟合,给出了非正态情形一定概率下的实测振动数据功率谱密度上限.在此基础上提出了一种可靠性试验实测振动数据的处理方法.将该方法用于某产品可靠性试验实测振动数据的处理中,计算结果表明,该方法不仅能给出任意分布实测振动数据功率谱密度概率上限,而且与传统方法比较,给出的数据上限能更真实反映产品振动环境条件.      

振动车削刀杆的计算机辅助设计与实验研究

由Timoshenko理论推导出对称三阶梯超声频弯曲振动刀杆的振幅分布解和谐振频率方程,并通过编制的计算机程序绘制了表示阶梯刀杆尺寸对谐振频率和节点间距影响的三维曲面.从这些三维曲面的等高线图可以看出,两端梁的长度对谐振频率和节点间距的影响比中间梁长度对两者的影响大,所以提出一种通过缩短中间梁长度来保持重磨后刀杆节点间距不变的新方法.实验表明,理论计算与实际差距很小,谐振频率和节点间距的计算误差分别为3％和5％.从而为振动车削刀杆设计提供了方便、准确的手段.      

一种基于变刚度原理的新型隔振器设计

根据变刚度原理,吸收橡胶隔振器高阻尼和金属弹簧隔振器高承载力的优点,采用新型材料,设计了一种由特形弹性元件以及弹性阻尼限幅装置组合而成的复合结构隔振器．该隔振器承受载荷能力大、压缩量小、阻尼大,并且散热快、寿命长、受环境因素影响小．理论分析及试验结果表明,该隔振器可以较好地隔离振动,并且隔振性能稳定．     

由摩擦阻尼铰实现桁架结构的被动减振研究

研究利用一种摩擦力随振动幅值的增大而增大的阻尼铰进行结构振动的被动控制。首先分析了含干摩擦约束铰结构单体梁的振动特性,并给出了系统随振动幅值变化的等效固有频率和粘性阻尼的定量表达式,然后建立了在桁架结构中设置此种摩擦铰的振动方程,分析了系统的动力特性,由计算结果发现,这种摩擦铰具有良好的阻尼特性;通过这种非线性元件,不仅通过滑移时消耗能量,而且可以将能量由低阶模态转移到高阶模态来加速振动衰减。     

叶片排干涉对叶片颤振和强迫响应影响的研究

叶片排干涉对叶片颤振和强迫振动具有显著影响,采用多叶片排三维和二维半激盘模型对此进行了研究。分析表明,叶片排干涉效应与非定常扰动的传播特征及叶片相对轴向位置有关。对稳定性问题,能量法分析结果说明叶片排干涉使叶片更易失稳,但适当调整叶片相对轴向位置有可能提高叶片气动弹性稳定性。在由相邻叶片排尾迹诱导的强迫响应问题中,主要由阵风响应流场决定叶片的气动弹性行为,在亚共振模态下,占主导作用的势流阵风响应随叶片排轴向间距减小而迅速增强,故在叶轮机设计中,叶片排轴向间距不应低于一定的安全值,以免诱导过强的阵风载荷和叶片强迫响应     

某直升机旋翼采用4片桨叶与5片桨叶的动力学对比分析

旋翼设计包括桨毂构型、旋翼桨叶片数、旋翼直径、旋翼实度、翼型剖面等一系列影响直升机性能的因素。而旋翼桨叶片数的选择,对轻型和中型直升机来讲,4片桨叶旋翼和5片桨叶旋翼具有典型意义。某直升机是5吨级的直升机,在某直升机先期方案中,旋翼设计为4片桨叶,在某直升机旋翼的对法合作中,法方提出将4片桨叶改为5片桨叶。为此,在签订某直升机旋翼对法合作的合同之前,我们对某直升机采用4片桨叶与5片桨叶的动力学性能进行了比较和分析,并得出明确的结论。     

某涡喷发动机前轴承弹性支承试验模态分析

用脉冲激励法对某发动机前轴承弹性支承进行了试验模态分析,并介绍了试验模态 方法和设备,所得模态分析结果表明,相干函数值均大于０．９,弹性支承的固有频率,振型符合发动机结构设计要求。     

涡轮泵转子次同步进动的机理

阐明次同步进动的发生机理和特征,讨论内阻尼（材料内阻尼、结构阻尼）、干摩擦、气弹效应、动压密封等诱发次同步进动的因素和消除次同步进动的措施。