低拐点、高G值冲击谱试验规范的实现

文章针对低拐点、高G值冲击谱试验规范难以实现的问题,从跌落式谐振板模拟装置设计原理出发,采用有限元方法对该装置的关键部件谐振板的固有频率重新进行了分析、设计计算、加工.通过调试,实现了这一试验规范.     

基于随机振动试验的模态参数辨识

文章介绍了利用随机振动的试验数据进行模态参数辨识的方法。先从理论上证明了从响应数据推导出的传递特性函数可以代替传统的传递函数求出脉冲响应函数,从而直接利用最小二乘复指数法进行模态参数辨识;然后以桁架结构为例,通过随机振动试验数据求得模态参数,并与模态试验的结果相比较,证明该方法的可行性。     

电磁轴承支承的柔性转子在轴承失效后坠落过程中的瞬态响应

研究了主动电磁轴承支承的单盘柔性转子系统在磁轴承失效后转子坠落在带有固定间隙的滚动型备用轴承上的瞬态响应,分析了备用轴承的各种参数对瞬态响应的影响。结果发现系统出现了以自由落体-碰撞弹起-自由落体为特征的在间隙圆底部的摆动运动、以碰撞弹起-加速落体-碰撞弹起为特征的在整个间隙圆范围的碰撞型回转运动以及轴颈与备用轴承始终接触在一起的摩擦型回转运动等3种运动形式。碰撞型回转运动实际上是由碰撞过程中部分周向的摩碰引起,而摩擦型回转运动是由轴颈与备用轴承之间的全周干摩擦所致。碰撞型回转运动和反向摩擦型回转运动对备用轴承的影响最为严重。     

Advanced multiple response surface method of sensitivity analysis for turbine blisk reliability with multi-physics coupling

To reasonably implement the reliability analysis and describe the significance of influencing parameters for the multi-failure modes of turbine blisk, advanced multiple response surface method(AMRSM) was proposed for multi-failure mode sensitivity analysis for reliability. The mathematical model of AMRSM was established and the basic principle of multi-failure mode sensitivity analysis for reliability with AMRSM was given. The important parameters of turbine blisk failures are obtained by the multi-failure mode sensitivity analysis of turbine blisk. Through the reliability sensitivity analyses of multiple failure modes(deformation, stress and strain) with the proposed method considering fluid–thermal–solid interaction, it is shown that the comprehensive reliability of turbine blisk is 0.9931 when the allowable deformation, stress and strain are3.7*10~(-3)m, 1.0023*10~9 Pa and 1.05*10~(-2)m/m, respectively; the main impact factors of turbine blisk failure are gas velocity, gas temperature and rotational speed. As demonstrated in the comparison of methods(Monte Carlo(MC) method, traditional response surface method(RSM), multiple response surface method(MRSM) and AMRSM), the proposed AMRSM improves computational efficiency with acceptable computational accuracy. The efforts of this study provide the AMRSM with high precision and efficiency for multi-failure mode reliability analysis, and offer a useful insight for the reliability optimization design of multi-failure mode structure.     

凝胶推进剂粘度振动法测量技术研究

介绍了凝胶推进剂粘度测量系统的组成、原理和测量方法,重点阐述基于振动法的凝胶推进剂粘度测量原理,论证了粘度计不同安装方式对测量结果造成的影响。结合校准原理,研究粘度计在现场校准应用环境下的校准技术,并给出校准测试数据。通过试验验证,总结出凝胶推进剂粘度现场测量中减小测量误差的有效方法就是实现现场校准。     

月球探测器加速度响应预测的时域子结构方法

航天器结构的日益复杂和庞大为全系统级的动力学仿真带来了更大的困难和挑战,目前主要采用动态子结构法来提高分析求解效率,并解决不同设计部门之间的模型共享和技术保护问题。月球探测器软着陆阶段的冲击力学环境一般由加速度冲击响应谱描述,由于高阶振型对结构加速度响应的影响要比对位移响应的影响大得多,所以在小阻尼情况下,经典的基于模态的子结构方法在相同截断频率下对加速度响应的预测精度远低于位移响应。为解决这一问题,引进基于脉冲响应函数的时域子结构(IBS)方法,提出了一种适用于预测加速度响应的降阶形式的迭代求解格式。利用探测器着陆数值模拟试验中测得的缓冲机构作用力作为激励,分别采用固定界面模态综合(CB)法和IBS方法分析了月球探测器的加速度响应。数值算例表明,后者在计算精度和求解效率方面均高于前者,并说明基于脉冲响应函数的子结构方法适于对月球探测器加速度响应进行高精度快速预测。     

亚跨超风洞现代试验设计方法研究

开展了基于现代试验设计方法(MDOE)的亚跨超风洞试验研究,以八号标模尾翼为试验对象研究其气动特性,采用同时改变攻角-侧滑角的多变量方法,而不是传统的单变量(OFAT)方法进行试验。对自变量攻角和侧滑角进行试验设计(DOE),应用响应面法建模,用IV-最优方法对测量点分布进行设计。在FD-12亚跨超风洞完成了试验,并和传统的OFAT方法结果进行比较分析。结果表明:MDOE方法获得的数据和传统的OFAT方法的数据吻合很好;MDOE采集样点数减少了46%,吹风的时间比OFAT减少30%左右,提高了风洞试验效率,缩短了试验周期;MDOE试验方法可以给出设计空间内任意给定自变量对应的响应值及其置信区间。     

Active vibration control of piezoelectric bonded smart structures using PID algorithm

Thin-walled structures are sensitive to vibrate under even very small disturbances. In order to design a suitable controller for vibration suppression of thin-walled smart structures, an electro-mechanically coupled finite element(FE) model of smart structures is developed based on first-order shear deformation(FOSD) hypothesis. Considering the vibrations generated by various disturbances, which include free and forced vibrations, a PID control is implemented to damp both the free and forced vibrations. Additionally, an LQR optimal control is applied for comparison.The implemented control strategies are validated by a piezoelectric layered smart plate under various excitations.     

复合材料参数化桨叶的动力学减振优化设计

为了进行桨叶动力学优化设计,建立面向工程设计的复合材料多闭室C型梁桨叶剖面参数化模型,实现了桨叶剖面气动外形、内部结构组件、复合材料铺层设计的参数化,并提出了一种保持C型梁纤维面积恒定的参数化设计方法.采用全局寻优能力较强的多种群遗传算法(MPGA),集成参数化设计模型与旋翼有限元气动弹性综合分析模型,通过桨叶各剖面结构组件的参数优化实现了旋翼动力学减振.算例给出了"海豚"直升机桨叶剖面特性实测值与参数化桨叶模型计算值的对比,整体误差不超过3%,并用该参数化模型对桨叶进行动力学减振优化,实现了旋翼加权优化振动载荷系数减小4.15%,经过优化后桨叶的配重位置更加分散,有利于缓解桨叶内部应力/应变突变;而且部分配重分配到桨尖,提高了旋翼的自转惯量,增加了旋翼自转下滑的安全性.     

A novel in-plane mode rotary ultrasonic motor

Ultrasonic motors have the merits of high ratio of torque to volume, high positioning precision, intrinsic holding torque, etc., compared to the conventional electromagnetic motors. There have been several potential applications for this type of motor in aerospace exploration, but bearings and bonding mechanism of the piezoelectric ring in the motors limit the performance of them in the space operation conditions. It is known that the Langevin type transducer has excel- lent energy efficiency and reliability. Hence using the Langevin type transducer in ultrasonic motors may improve the reliability of piezoelectric motors for space applications. In this study, a novel in-plane mode rotary ultrasonic motor is designed, fabricated, and characterized. The proposed motor operates in in-plane vibration mode which is excited by four Langevin-type bending vibra- tors separately placed around a ring-shaped stator. Two tapered rotors are assembled to the inner ring of the stator and clamped together by a screw nut. In order to make the motor more stable and convenient to fix, a thin cylindrical support is placed under the stator ring. Due to its no-bearing structure and Langevin transducer excitation, the prototype ultrasonic motor may operate well in aeronautic and astronautic environments.